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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (7)
  • 1990-1994  (7)
  • 1920-1924
  • 1994  (7)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 41 (1994), S. 560-564 
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A recombinant DNA Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line that produces tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) was cultivated continuously in suspension with a constant dilution rate of 0.5 day with three different asparagine concentrations in the feed (0.05, 2.55 and 7.55 mm). The up-shift in asparagine concentration caused an up-shift in asparagine consumption [15.7 and 31.4 nmol (106 cells)−1 h−1] and intracellular concentration (2.19 and 18.7 mm). The up-shift was accompanied by an increased production of ammonium, glycine and alanine, and a metabolic shift whereby the cells began to produce aspartate and glutamate, which were consumed before the shift. The tPA production was reduced in the up-shift culture. This might be explained by ammonium inhibition, but alternatively by a surprising down-shift in the intracellular concentration of many amino acids, a down-shift that was not observed in the extracellular concentrations or consumption rates. For efficient physiological engineering of mammalian cells it is necessary to include both extracellular and intracellular measurements and to consider the transport into and out of the cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-9171
    Keywords: heptalene ; tricarbonylchromium complexes of hexamethylheptalenes ; intra and interring haptotropic rearrangements ; X-ray diffraction analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Reactions of 1,2,5,6,8,10-hexamethylheptalene (1) and its bond isomer, 1,4,5,6,8,10-hexamethylheptalene (2), with tricarbonylchromium complexes L{in3}Cr(CO){in3} (L=NH{in3} and Py) have been investigated. Thermodynamically less stable complex 1 exhibits higher reactivity with respect to Py{in3}Cr(CO){in3}/BF{in3} · Et{in2}O under the conditions of Öfele's reaction than complex2. At 10–30 °C, the Cr(CO){in3} group is coordinated to the asymmetrically substituted ring, which is accomplished by the shift of double bonds in the ligand, to afford tricarbonyl-[1,4,5,6,8,10-hexamethyl-η{su6}-(10a, 1–5)heptalene]-chromium (6) as the only mononuclear complex. Under more drastic conditions (Raush's reaction, 80 °C),1 ↔ 2 interconversion proceeds faster than the reaction of individual bond isomers with coordinatively unsaturated “hot” particles (solv){inn}Cr(CO){in3}. In this case, all of the four possible isomeric mononuclear complexes (6–9) and two binuclear complexes (10 and 11) are formed. The structures of complexes 6–11 have been studied by NMR and mass spectrometry, the structure of6 has been established by X-ray diffraction analysis. Heating a solution of6 in octane at 115 °C results in the isomerization of6 into complex7 through the intracycle 1,2-shift of the Cr(CO){in3} group and also in its conversion into complex8, which is the first example of interring η{su6}→η{su6}-haptotropic rearrangement in nonplanar seven-membered π-systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: Ammonium ; asparagine ; CHO cells ; glutamine ; peptone ; t-PA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract When a transfected CHO cell, that produces tissue-type Plasminogen Activator, t-PA, was transferred from a medium based on 5% Fetal Calf Serum, FCS, to a medium based on 0.8% casein peptone with variable glutamine and asparagine content, it was observed, that the growth of the cells changed from anchorage dependant to suspension culture giving more reproducible cultivations. In the FCS culture t-PA was unstable, observed as a decline in t-PA concentration after 250 h. This decline in t-PA concentration was not observed in the serum free culture, although there was a decline in productivity after 200 h. This change in production profile may be attributed to either no proteolytic attack from serum or by scavenging of proteolytic activities produced by the cells from the peptone peptides. Increasing amounts of glutamine/asparagine gave higher production of t-PA in synchrony with an increasing production of ammonia/ammonium ions. Ammonia inhibition does not seem to be a key factor for this cell line as seen with many others.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 243 (1994), S. 253-260 
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Recombinant DNA ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Endo-β-glucanase ; Endo-xylanase ; Heterologous expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We have developed a method for fast and efficient isolation of enzyme genes from filamentous fungi by combining the ability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to express heterologous genes with the utilisation of sensitive and reliable enzyme assays. A cDNA library from the fungus Humicola insolens was constructed in a S. cerevisiae/Escherichia coli shuttle vector in E. coli. Sub-pools of the library were subsequently screened for enzyme activity in S. cerevisiae. More than 130 clones were identified as positive in either an endo-β-glucanase or an endo-xylanase assay. Based on a partial characterization of the DNA sequence of the individual clones, they could be grouped into five distinct types of endo-β-glucanases and three types of endo-xylanases. A representative cDNA from each type was sub-cloned in an Aspergillus vector and expressed in A. oryzae. The new cloning method may be an important alternative to traditional cloning methods based on amino acid sequence information.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: brown trout ; invertebrate drift ; chemical detection ; Gammarus ; springbrooks ; cages
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) on invertebrate drift density was examined in three previously fish-free springbrooks. Drift density was studied during the day following the sequential introduction of: 1) empty cages, 2) cages containing trout, and 3) empty cages. Each period lasted three whole days, and drift density was measured at daytime and night-time every day. Control drift density was determined using empty cages in two similar springbrooks. Night-time drift density of large Gammarus pulex L. (〉3.9 mg DW ind−1) decreased compared to that of smaller size-groups following trout introduction, and was significantly lower (p〈0.05) than the pre-introductory level after the trout had been removed again. The daytime drift density of large G. pulex remained unchanged, as did both daytime and night-time drift density of smaller size-groups of G. pulex, and the other taxa investigated (Leuctra hippopus (Kempny), Leuctra nigra (Olivier), Amphimura sp., Nemoura flexuosa Aubert, and Baetis rhodani (Pict.)). No significant changes in drift density were observed in two control springbrooks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1040-0397
    Keywords: Glucose ; Enzyme electrode ; 1,6-Dithiapyrene ; 1,6-Dioxapyrene ; Mediator ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Electrocatalytical oxidation of glucose on graphite using new mediators (1,6-dithiapyrenes (DTPs) and 1,6-dioxapyrenes) was performed. The electrocatalysis of glucose oxidase (GO) was based on the dithia(dioxa)pyrene cation-radicals reaction with reduced GO. The rate of reduced GO oxidation by the cation-radical of dithiapyrene was 4.8 × 104 M-1 s-1 at 25°C (pH 7.0). For enzyme electrode preparation, the GO was covalently immobilized by carbodiimide, and the mediator was adsorbed on a graphite electrode. The dithia(dioxa)pyrenes mediated glucose oxidation proceeds at potentials higher than 0.1 V (versus standard calomel electrode (SCE)). Of the investigated substituted dithia(dioxa)pyrenes, the largest electrocatalytical current was observed with electrodes comprising of DTP. Linear calibration graphs of these electrodes were obtained up to 12 mM of glucose, the maximal electrode activity was in the range of pH 6.5 to 8.0, and the temperature coefficient was 5.6%/°C. The investigated electrocatalytical systems can be used for construction of disposable senses for glucose determination in physiological solutions.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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