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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (18)
  • 2005-2009  (18)
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Material
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 activity protects SH-SY5Y cells against oxidative damage (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 95 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The ability of cells to control the balance between the generation and quenching of reactive oxygen species is important in combating potentially damaging effects of oxidative stress. One mechanism that cells use to maintain redox homeostasis is the antioxidant response pathway. Antioxidant response elements (AREs) are cis-acting elements located in regulatory regions of antioxidant and phase II detoxification genes. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a member of the Cap ‘n’ Collar family of transcription factors that binds to the ARE and regulates the transcription of specific ARE-containing genes such as NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1, glutamylcysteine synthetase and heme oxygenase. Activation of Nrf2 results in release from its negative repressor, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), and allows Nrf2 to translocate into the nucleus to induce gene expression. In this study, we demonstrate that increasing Nrf2 activity by various methods, including chemical induction, Nrf2 overexpression or Keap1 siRNA knockdown, protects cells against specific types of oxidative damage. Cells were protected against 6-hydroxydopamine- and 3-morpholinosydnonimine-mediated toxicity but not against 1-methyl-1-4-phenylpyridinium toxicity. As oxidative stress is a hallmark of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease, pharmacological agents that selectively target the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway may provide a novel neuroprotective strategy for the treatment of these diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03377.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multi-Modal Mass Evacuation in Upstate New York: A Review of Disaster Plans (2007)
    Berkeley, Calif. : Berkeley Electronic Press (now: De Gruyter)
    Journal of homeland security and emergency management 4 (2007), S. 11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1547-7355
    Source: Berkeley Electronic Press Academic Journals
    Topics: Political Science , Sociology
    Notes: The devastating aftermath from Hurricane Katrina accentuates the need for localized disaster planning that considers those without access to automobiles--including the poor, elderly, and disabled. Planning for evacuation during extreme events should consider the "carless" by paying special attention to the movement of people to safety using a combination of methods--by foot, public transit, coaches, and vans. Many Upstate New York places are ill prepared for the large-scale evacuation of the carless that may result from an extreme event. The share of households without vehicles in several Upstate cities--Albany (28 percent), Buffalo (31 percent), and Syracuse (27 percent)--surprisingly meets or exceeds the share in New Orleans when Hurricane Katrina struck. This study identifies strengths and weaknesses within upstate written disaster plans in regards to multi-modal evacuation. Findings suggest that many upstate places--except for those near nuclear power plants--have inadequate written plans for mass evacuation, especially when considering the carless population. We recommend future research directions to include wide samples, best practices for carless evacuations, and development of multi-modal evacuation models.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.bepress.com/jhsem/vol4/iss3/11
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Static and dynamic properties of vergence-induced reduction of ocular counter-roll in near vision (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 21 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We have examined the characteristics of vergence-induced reduction of ocular counter-roll in near vision. Monkeys were trained to make convergent and divergent refixations with the head and body either upright or in various roll orientations. During near viewing requiring 17° horizontal vergence, we found that static binocular torsion was suppressed by about 68% (averaged over both eyes, two monkeys and both near target locations). This result is in accordance with a previous study in which binocular torsion was quantified based on the displacement planes of eye positions in far and near viewing. Latency and duration of the change in torsional eye position depended (for each eye differently) on body roll and the depth plane of fixation. For instance, during convergent refixations in left-ear-down orientations, the latencies of the left eye were smaller and the durations were longer than those of the right eye. However, both eyes reached their final positions required to fixate the second visual target at roughly the same time. The different dynamics of the two eyes is explained by the fact that each eye rotated temporally when the eyes converged, a pattern named binocular extension of Listing's law. Coming from or aiming at a common torsional value (normal ocular counter-roll) in convergent or divergent refixations, the required torsion differs in the two eyes. The brain compensates for these differences by adjusting the dynamics of each eye's movement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.03863.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Haphazard neural connections underlie the visual deficits of cats with strabismic or deprivation amblyopia (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Identification of the neural basis of the visual deficits experienced by humans with amblyopia, particularly when associated with strabismus (strabismic amblyopia), has proved to be difficult in part because of the inability to observe directly the neural changes at various levels of the human visual pathway. Much of our knowledge has necessarily been obtained on the basis of sophisticated psychophysical studies as well as from electrophysiological explorations on the visual pathways in animal models of amblyopia. This study combines these two approaches to the problem by employing similar psychophysical probes of performance on animal models of two forms of amblyopia (deprivation and strabismic) to those employed earlier on human amblyopes (Hess & Field, 1994, Vis. Res., 34, 13397–13406). The tests explore two competing explanations for the visual deficits, namely an evenly distributed loss of neural connections (undersampling) with the amblyopic eye as opposed to disordered connections with this eye (neural disarray). Unexpectedly, the results in animal models of deprivation amblyopia were not in accord with expectations based upon an even distribution of lost connections with the amblyopic eye. However, the results were similar to those observed in a strabismic amblyopic animal and to strabismic amblyopic humans. We suggest that deprivation amblyopia may be accompanied by an uneven loss of connections that results in effective neural disarray. By contrast, amblyopia associated with strabismus might arise from neural disarray of a different origin such as an alteration of intrinsic cortical connections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04201.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of the human posterior parietal cortex in memory-guided saccade execution: a double-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation study (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The present study investigated the role of the right posterior parietal cortex (PPC) in the triggering of memory-guided saccades by means of double-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS). Shortly before saccade onset, dTMS with different interstimulus intervals (ISI; 35, 50, 65 or 80 ms) was applied. For contralateral saccades, dTMS significantly decreased saccadic latency with an ISI of 80 ms and increased saccadic gain with an ISI of 65 and 80 ms. Together with the findings of a previous study during frontal eye field (FEF) stimulation the present results demonstrate similarities and differences between both regions in the execution of memory-guided saccades. Firstly, dTMS facilitates saccade triggering in both regions, but the timing is different. Secondly, dTMS over the PPC provokes a hypermetria of contralateral memory-guided saccades that was not observed during FEF stimulation. The results are discussed within the context of recent neurophysiological findings in monkeys.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04248.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transport Projects, Programmes and Policies; Evaluation Needs and Capabilities. (2005)
    Oxford, UK and Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Papers in regional science 84 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-5957
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1435-5957.2005.00019_1.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trust-based commitment: multidimensional consumer-brand relationships (2005)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Journal of consumer marketing 22 (2005), S. 313-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 0736-3761
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Purpose - To propose and test a multi-dimensional model of relationship commitment defined by personal and functional connections which are, in turn, driven by trust and satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach - A model is proposed to define relationship constructs better within marketing practice and to evaluate the relationships between these constructs. Structural equation modeling was employed to validate the model using data from two case studies. Findings - Satisfaction is antecedent to trust, but primarily contributes to functional connections. Personal connections, on the other hand, stem from trust. The relative strengths of personal and functional connections determine the nature and outcomes of relationship commitment. This trust-based model is statistically superior to previous models and explains customer-brand relationships much more extensively. Research limitations/implications - The primary limitation of this research is that it explores only two product/service categories, potentially limiting the generalizability to other domains. Practical implications - These results have extensive implications for brand building, establishing customer relationships, and incorporating relationships into brand strategies. Originality/value - These results improve our understanding of customers' relationships with brands and provide managers with guidance on developing, nurturing, and utilizing these relationships.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/07363760510623902
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Embryonic and tumorigenic pathways converge via Nodal signaling: role in melanoma aggressiveness (2006)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature medicine 12 (2006), S. 925-932 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Bidirectional cellular communication is integral to both cancer progression and embryological development. In addition, aggressive tumor cells are phenotypically plastic, sharing many properties with embryonic cells. Owing to the similarities between these two types of cells, the developing ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm1448
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Engineered heart tissue grafts improve systolic and diastolic function in infarcted rat hearts (2006)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature medicine 12 (2006), S. 452-458 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] The concept of regenerating diseased myocardium by implantation of tissue-engineered heart muscle is intriguing, but convincing evidence is lacking that heart tissues can be generated at a size and with contractile properties that would lend considerable support to failing hearts. Here we created ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm1394
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Promotion of sleep by targeting the orexin system in rats, dogs and humans (2007)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature medicine 13 (2007), S. 150-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Orexins are hypothalamic peptides that play an important role in maintaining wakefulness in mammals. Permanent deficit in orexinergic function is a pathophysiological hallmark of rodent, canine and human narcolepsy. Here we report that in rats, dogs and humans, somnolence is induced by ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm1544
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