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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (48)
  • 2000-2004  (11)
  • 1995-1999  (37)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 377-383 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A photospectrometer has been realized in a standard integrated circuit (IC) process. Only the masks, materials, and fabrication steps inherent to this IC process were used (i.e., no post processing to add mechanical or optical devices for filtering). The spectrometer was composed of a set of 18 photodetectors with independent spectral responses. The responses of these devices were weighted and summed to form outputs proportional to the input optical power in discrete wavelength bands in the region from ∼400 to ∼1100 nm. With the solution space restricted to a 60 nm band, this instrument could resolve Gaussian input spectra (σ=5 nm) with a peak-to-peak spacing of less than 15 nm. This device could easily be integrated with additional analog, digital, or wireless circuits to realize a true laboratory instrument on-a-chip. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 1684-1687 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The TGV32, a 32-channel preamplifier–multiplicity discriminator chip for the multiplicity vertex detector (MVD) at PHENIX, is a unique silicon preamplifier in that it provides both an analog output for storage in an analog memory and a weighted summed-current output for conversion to a channel multiplicity count. The architecture and test results of the chip are presented. Details about the design of the preamplifier, discriminator, and programmable digital–analog converters performance as well as the process variations are presented. The chip is fabricated in a 1.2 μm, n-well, complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor process. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology 2 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1542-474X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To test heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) for nonlinear deterministic complex behavior and for its dependence on autonomic tone.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉MethodsFifteen patients (mean age 55, 14 men) with AMI and 16 healthy individuals (mean age 41, 11 men) with ongoing beta-adrenergic receptor blockade were investigated after intravenouse administration of atropine (0.03 mg/kg). Nonlinear indices for HRV were assessed by local sensitive dependence on initial conditions as quantitated by the Lyapunov exponent, fractal dimension (FD), and correlation dimension. Linear indices for HRV were assessed in the time domain by the standard deviation of the RR interval (SD-RR), the coefficient of variation (CV%), and the mean successive difference (MSD). In the frequency domain, the following indices were used: very low frequency power (VLF), low frequency power (LF), high frequency power (HF), total power (TP), and the ratio between low and high frequency power (LF/HF).〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ResultsSurrogate data analysis revealed independent behavior of the Lyapunov exponent, the FD, and the correlation dimension, suggesting the presence of deterministic chaos in HRV. The Lyapunov exponent was positive in both groups at baseline but was significantly lower in the patient group. Following atropine, the value decreased while remaining positive, but no differences between the groups were found. The FD and the correlation dimension reacted similarly to the Lyapunov exponent. All time-domain indices were significantly lower in the patients along with power in LF and HF bands. The differences were abolished by the administration of atropine.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉ConclusionsThe heart rate of patients with AMI exhibits characteristics of deterministic chaotic behavior with a positive Lyapunov exponent but with significantly less complex behavior than in healthy controls. The difference was eliminated by atropine, suggesting that vagal tone is a major cause. The nonlinear indices have a discriminating capacity for changes in HRV comparable to linear indices.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical and experimental dermatology 27 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2230
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Pain resulting from photodynamic therapy (PDT) of skin cancer was investigated. The study included 69 lesions (60 patients) with different types of skin tumours or precursors. Protoporphyrin IX, which is produced by the topical application of δ-aminolevulinic acid, was used as a photosensitizing agent. Twenty-three of the lesions (19 patients) were examined with a fluorescence imaging system which demarcates the tumour area from the healthy skin and visualizes the contrast between the fluorescence from healthy skin and that from the tumour. EMLA® is used on all patients as part of our routine PDT protocol but despite this the major side-effect of PDT is pain during treatment. There is a large variation in pain intensity experienced by the patients, as measured by a visual analogue scale (VAS). Patients with actinic keratoses experienced more pain than those with Bowen's disease or basal cell carcinoma. The mean VAS score was higher when treating lesions located on the head than when treating lesions on the torso or the extremities. Also, treatment of large skin areas resulted in more pain than treatment of small areas, and men experienced more pain than women. The pain experienced by the patients did not correlate with treatment dose, Fitzpatrick skin type, age or fluorescence intensity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 34 (1995), S. 9277-9281 
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 74 (1999), S. 3803-3805 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have induced large elastic strains in ropes of single-wall carbon nanotubes, using an atomic force microscope in lateral force mode. Freely suspended ropes were observed to deform as elastic strings with tension proportional to elongation. Ropes were elastically deformed over 〉10 cycles without showing signs of plastic deformation. The maximum strain observed, 5.8±0.9%, gives a lower bound of 45±7 GPa for the tensile strength (specifically, yield stress) of single-wall nanotube ropes. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Community dentistry and oral epidemiology 23 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In an earlier study on a selected group of adolescents with high caries prevalence we found dietary habits that resembled those considered to promote the development of atherosclerosis. In the present study we have compared DMF-score with factors traditionally associated with the risk for development cardiovascular diseases (CVD), All 15-yr-olds living in an urban community in Northern Sweden 1987–1989 were included. Medical variables related lo the risk of developing CVD were evaluated in groups of adolescents with various levels of manifest caries expressed as decayed and filled surfaces (DPS). The proportion of individuals with no medical risk factor at an unfavorable level was significantly higher in a caries free than in a high-caries (DFS〈inlineGraphic alt="geqslant R: gt-or-equal, slanted" extraInfo="nonStandardEntity" href="urn:x-wiley:03015661:CDOE205:ges" location="ges.gif"/〉9) group. Adolescents with two or more medical factors reaching unfavorable levels had a significantly higher caries score than the group with no factor at unfavorable level. A significant positive correlation was found for the whole group between DFS-score and relative body weight (body mass index) in an univariate correlation test as well as multiple linear regression analysis. The hypothesis that high caries score can be an indicator for unfavorable levels of traditional risk factors for CVD is not contradicted by the results in the present study but supported by the observed covariation with BMI. We therefore suggest that dietary counseling to adolescents with a high caries score in combination with a moderate obesity can be of advantage in reducing the caries risk as well as the risk for development of CVD at higher ages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    British journal of educational technology 28 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1467-8535
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Education
    Notes: Many people from very diverse disciplines have attempted to define the concept of Visual Literacy (VL), but with little general consensus so far. This is probably due to the fact that those representing the different disciplines and paradigms are each wanting to interpret Visual Literacy in a way that reflects and flatters their contribution or way of thinking. As a consequence, a theoretical concept with seemingly little practical value has been created, but cannot be used productively until an agreed definition is established.It is self evident that if a concept does not have a broadly accepted definition, if the theory behind it is confusing, and if its viability on practical terms is a matter of continuing controversy, then the only reasonable way to cope with it is to abandon it. Nevertheless, with the exception of very few and of minor importance cases, no serious attempt has ever been made towards discarding VL altogether.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Marine mammal science 20 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1748-7692
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The pelagic and gregarious, low Arctic harp seal (Phoca groenlandica) is the most common seal species in most refuse faunas from coastal hunter-gatherer sites dating from the late Atlantic to the early Subboreal period (ca. 4000-2000 cal B. C.) in the Baltic Sea. Our main objective was to examine the migration contra breeding population hypotheses regarding the Baltic harp seals. Analyses of epiphyseal fusion data and osteometry of archeological harp seal remains from 25 dwelling-sites suggest that a local breeding population established itself in the early Subboreal period. In the Middle Neolithic the rookery possibly was situated in the Baltic proper, south of Aland and west of Gotland. The mean adult size of the Baltic harp seals decreased, suggesting minimal genetic exchange with the north Atlantic Ocean population. Genetic drift, interspecific competition, and over-hunting by humans are all factors likely to have contributed to the eventual extinction of harp seals in the Baltic Sea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 111 (1999), S. 11216-11221 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Dynamic light scattering data on a polymer gel electrolyte with a complex relaxation behavior is presented. The electrolyte consists of lithium perchlorate dissolved in an ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate solution that is immobilized with poly(methyl methacrylate). We attribute the observed relaxation processes to two diffusive and one segmental relaxation processes based on the form of the time decay of the intermediate scattering function and the corresponding temperature and wave vector dependencies. The dynamic light scattering results are compared with the ionic conductivity, which reveals a close connection between the fast diffusive motion of the low molecular weight solvent within the gel and the ionic conductivity. This motion is strongly decoupled from and considerably faster than the segmental motion of the polymer matrix. The results indicate that the ionic transport occurs mainly within the low molecular weight solvent. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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