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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (24)
  • 2000-2004  (10)
  • 1980-1984  (14)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 1542-1547 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We have developed a cryogenic probe and cryostat system to test both active and passive superconducting devices and circuits up to microwave frequencies at variable temperatures. Our system consists of two basic parts: the cryostat and the matching probe. The cryostat is a unique, very efficient, variable temperature, flow-type cryostat, where we control temperature without electrical heaters. It is magnetically shielded and allows rapid testing between 4.2 K and room temperature. Probes developed for this cryostat have a larger number of shorter cables than standard dip-type probes. They are designed to test chips or chip assemblies without additional packaging. Chips or chip assemblies can be quickly mounted and dismounted from a fixed spring-contact assembly. Each probe has 56 wide-bandwidth signal cables. We have repeatedly used these probes for testing both active and passive superconducting integrated circuits up to 20 GHz. The probe and cryostat combination provides a testing capability that is simultaneously high frequency, dc magnetic shielded, has variable cryogenic temperature, and quick turnaround. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd/Inc
    Experimental dermatology 13 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) has previously been identified as a potent anti-inflammatory agent in various tissues including the skin. It operates by binding to the melanocortin-1 receptor (MC-1R) which results in the elevation of cyclic AMP. α-MSH opposes the action of several proinflammatory cytokines including tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). We have shown that α-MSH can inhibit TNF-α-stimulated activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in human cultured melanocytes, melanoma cells, keratinocytes, fibroblasts, Schwann cells and olfactory ensheathing cells. It also inhibits TNF-α-stimulated upregulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in many of these cells and can inhibit peroxide-stimulated activation of glutathione peroxidase, suggesting an antioxidant role. α-MSH is also able to stimulate intracellular calcium release in keratinocytes and fibroblasts (which do not readily show detectible cyclic AMP elevation) but only in the presence of PIA (an adenosine agonist). The carboxyl terminal tripeptides KPV/KP-D-V are reported to be the minimal sequences necessary to convey anti-inflammatory potential, but evidence on how they act is not fully known. Stable transfection of Chinese hamster ovary cells with MC-1R suggests that the KPV peptides operate by this receptor, at least by elevating intracellular calcium. Elevation of cyclic AMP by these tripeptides has not been detected in any cell type studied; however, calcium elevation can inhibit TNF-α-stimulated NF-κB activity (as for cyclic AMP). In conclusion, the MSH peptides convey anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity in many cell types in skin and nerve, by counteracting proinflammatory cytokine signalling. The KPV peptides appear to act functionally via the MC-1R and can also elevate intracellular calcium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 142 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The purpose of this study was to compare the invasive properties of normal human cutaneous melanocytes and of a cutaneous melanoma cell line (HBL) in a three-dimensional model of reconstructed human skin. Specifically, we asked to what extent the pigmentary and invasive behaviour of both cells is influenced by their interaction with adjacent skin cells (keratinocytes and fibroblasts) and the basement membrane (BM). In the presence of a BM, normal human melanocytes within this model remained within the basal layer of keratinocytes and did not pigment spontaneously. When the BM was removed, melanocytes were found suprabasally and pigmented extensively. No significant invasion of melanocytes into the dermis was detected in the presence or absence of the BM. HBL melanoma cells showed no significant ability to invade into the dermis in the absence of other cells, irrespective of the presence or absence of the BM. However, when added to keratinocytes and fibroblasts, HBL cells showed a capacity to invade into the dermis, both in the presence and absence of the BM. Associated with HBL invasion into the dermis, we noted significant keratinocyte entry into the dermis. On their own, keratinocytes entered the dermis in the absence of the BM but showed no significant penetration into the dermis when the BM was present. In summary, this model demonstrates clear differences between melanocytes and a melanoma cell line with respect to their invasive properties. It also allows demonstration of interactions between cells, and between cells and the BM. The study also provides evidence for a synergistic interaction between this melanoma cell line and keratinocytes in penetrating the BM.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 47 (1982), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Bacon was produced with either 40 ppm NaNO2/0.26% potassium sorbate, or 120 ppm NaNO2. Slices were packaged in either nylon/Surlyn or nylon/Saran/Surlyn pouches and sealed at either a high or intermediate vacuum level. At 0, 10, 21 and 28 days after packaging, residual nitrite, rancidity, pH, residual salt and pigment conversion were measured. Residual nitrite and pH were lower while nitrosopigment conversion was higher in bacon packaged with the high-barrier film. Vacuum level, however, had no effect on any measured characteristic. The sorbate/reduced nitrite cure resulted in lower pigment conversion, lower residual nitrite, and a higher TBA number.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effects of sodium acid pyrophosphate (SAPP), sodium chloride (NaCl) and/or potassium sorbate (PS) on the growth from heat-activated spores of three individual strains or a mixture of ten strains of Clostridium botulinum in peptone-yeast extract-glucose broth at pH 5.55 or 5.85 were measured spectrophotometricalty at A630nm. Growth ratios (GR = treatment/control) based on time to reach A630= 0.35 or 0.04 were calculated and used to compare effects of additives on strains. SAPP, NaCl, PS, and pH exhibited independent significant main effects (p≦0.01) on delaying growth in most C. botulinum strains tested. Combinations of additives without NaCl consistently caused an increase in the GR and an increase in organism sensitivity to additives in the medium. Treatments containing SAPP (0.2 or 0.4%) and PS (0.13 or 0.26%) were more effective for delaying growth than other formulations tested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Combinations of sodium acid pyrophosphate (SAPP) with added sodium nitrite and/or potassium sorbate were tested at various pH levels to determine effectiveness in delaying Clostridium botulinum growth and toxin production in frankfurter emulsions. Formulations containing sodium nitrite (40 ppm), potassium sorbate (0.26%) and SAPP (0.4%) resulted in a greater delay of toxin production (12–18 days) than other combinations (6–12 days) having similar pH values. Treatments containing 0.4% SAPP appeared to be more inhibitory than their counterparts without SAPP, displaying less numbers of toxic samples during the 53-day storage period at 27°C. Aerobic mesophilic colony counts and residual nitrite data showed little difference among treatments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 47 (1982), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A comparison was made between fat-type and lean-type bellies cured with either 40 ppm sodium nitrite/0.26% potassium sorbate or 120 ppm sodium nitrite. Residual nitrite levels were higher in fat bacon regardless of cure. Sorbate-cured bacon resulted in signiticantly higher TBA numbers than did regular-cure bacon. Nitrosopigment to total pigment ratio did not vary with cure, but did remain significantly higher in fat bacon and roughly paralleled residual nitrite levels. Analysis for nitrosamines indicated greater concentrations in fat bellies compared to lean. Nitrosamines were suppressed though not eliminated, by the sorbate cure in both fat and lean bellies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 320 (1982), S. 175-181 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Gastric mucosa ; Cell isolation ; Catecholamines ; Aminopyrine uptake
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Adrenergic stimulation of the adenylate cyclase (AC)-cAMP-system and 14C-aminopyrine accumulation, an indirect measure of parietal cell H+-production, was studied in different preparations of gastric mucosal cells. The β2-adrenoceptor agonist hexoprenaline activated AC of crude homogenates from the gastric corpus of mouse, rat, guinea-pig, hog, dog and man. In isolated rat gastric cells (20% parietal cells), treated by low power sonication, 10−8 to 10−3 mol/l adrenaline and hexoprenaline activated AC equally potently and efficaciously by maximally 170%. Isoprenaline proved to be less effective activating up to 80%. 5·10−5 mol/l GMP-PNP augmented basal activity 8.5 times and reduced the maximal efficacy. Adrenaline and hexoprenaline activated AC by maximally 120%, isoprenaline by 40%. The potency of adrenaline was 4 times lower, that of hexoprenaline 2 and that of isoprenaline 4 times higher in the presence of GMP-PNP. Adrenergic stimulation was inhibited by the β-adrenoceptor antagonist propranolol, the effect of α-adrenoceptor-blockade by phenoxybenzamine was less pronounced. In fractions with 7–80% of parietal cells, prepared by isopycnic centrifugation with Percoll, adrenaline and hexoprenaline activated AC or hexoprenaline enhanced the cellular level of cAMP in parietal cell poor and rich fractions. The degree of activation in response to histamine correlated with the number of parietal cells. 14C-Aminopyrine uptake was increasingly stimulated through 10−8 to 10−5 mol/l hexoprenaline, maximally by doubling the basal accumulation. 10−4 mol/l histamine was 8 times more effective. 3·10−7 mol/l propranolol inhibited the effect of 10−5 mol/l hexoprenaline by 80%. The data suggest the localization of β-adrenoceptors (likely β-adrenoceptor) on parietal and other nonidentified gastric cells. At the parietal cell, adrenaline and hexoprenaline initiate activation of AC and hexoprenaline leads to H+-production. The responses are small compared to the effect of histamine. Thus, β-adrenoceptor agonists exert intrinsic activity in relation to H+-production. Their influence on stimulated secretion of isolated cells remains to be elucidated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei einem 69jährigen Patienten mit einem Diabetes, dessen Intensität starken Schwankungen unterworfen war, wurde eine praktisch völlige Destruktion beider Oberschenkelköpfe einschließlich der Schenkelhälse und der Hüftgelenkspfannen angetroffen, die, dokumentiert durch Röntgenaufnahmen, die 8 Jahre zuvor angefertigt worden waren, primär unter dem typischen Bild der idiopathischen Oberschenkelkopfnekrose begonnen hatten. Außer einem Diabetes bestand bereits zur Zeit des erstmaligen Nachweises der Oberschenkelkopfnekrose eine Hyperuricämie und eine Hyperlipidämie. Ein Gichtanfall war nur einmal registriert worden. Unter Therapie hatten sich die Hyperuricämie und Hyperlipidämie in den letzten Jahren normalisiert. Es wird die Frage erörtert, ob der derzeitige Röntgenbefund eine Komplikation einer aseptischen Oberschenkelkopfnekrose mit einer diabetischen Arthropathie der Hüftgelenke repräsentiert. Für these Annahme können Details des angiographischen Befundes und eine Spondylopathie sprechen, die alle Charakteristika der neuropathischen Spondylopathie aufweist. Eine allgemeine Osteoporose und eine hypertrophische Spondylose spezieller Ausprägung bedürfen in Zusammenhang mit dem Diabetes ebenfalls der speziellen Registrierung.
    Notes: Summary A practically complete destruction of both femoral heads including the femoral necks and acetabula was encountered in a 69-year-old patient with diabetes, which varied in intensity. This destruction, documented by radiographs which had been taken 8 years prior, had started as the typical picture of “idiopathic femoral head necrosis”. In addition to diabetes, hyperurecemia and hyperlipoproteinemia were present at the time when the femoral head necrosis was first evidenced. One episode of gout was recorded. In recent years, following therapy, the hyperurecemia and hyperlipoproteinemia had normalized. The question is raised, as to whether or not the present radiological findings represent a complication of aseptic femoral head necrosis, combined with a diabetic arthropathy of the hip joints. Details of the angiographic findings and a spondylopathy, which have all the characteristics of a neuropathic spondylopathy, would favor this hypothesis. When associated with a diabetic condition, generalized osteoporosis and hypertrophic spondylosis of such a particular nature require special mention.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 396-402 (July 2002), p. 1303-1308 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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