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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (3)
  • 2000-2004  (3)
  • 1880-1889
  • Japan  (2)
  • Backward induction  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of adult development 7 (2000), S. 73-86 
    ISSN: 1573-3440
    Keywords: religion ; spirituality ; physical health ; mortality ; Japan
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: Abstract A variety of research has documented the association between various measures of religion/spirituality and physical health outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on this topic. The paper also discusses the mechanisms that are thought to underlie the associations found in the literature. Further, the paper presents several avenues along which future research might proceed in order to advance our understanding of these issues. The paper concludes by making a case for the need for empirical examinations of these issues in countries other than the United States. Particular focus is paid here to religion among older adults in Japan.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theory and decision 48 (2000), S. 61-84 
    ISSN: 1573-7187
    Keywords: Backward induction ; Iterated prisoner's dilemma ; Common knowledge
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract The backward induction argument purports to show that rational and suitably informed players will defect throughout a finite sequence of prisoner's dilemmas. It is supposed to be a useful argument for predicting how rational players will behave in a variety of interesting decision situations. Here, I lay out a set of assumptions defining a class of finite sequences of prisoner's dilemmas. Given these assumptions, I suggest how it might appear that backward induction succeeds and why it is actually fallacious. Then, I go on to consider the consequences of adopting a stronger set of assumptions. Focusing my attention on stronger sets that, like the original, obey the informedness condition, I show that any supplementation of the original set that preserves informedness does so at the expense of forcing rational participants in prisoner's dilemma situations to have unexpected beliefs, ones that threaten the usefulness of backward induction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of cross-cultural gerontology 15 (2000), S. 81-97 
    ISSN: 1573-0719
    Keywords: Aging ; Age grades ; Japan ; Religion ; Ritual ; Symbolic capital
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Ethnic Sciences , Sociology
    Notes: Abstract Most research by gerontologists into the relationshipbetween religion and aging has focused upon thepotential health benefits of religious participationamong Americans who follow Judeo-Christian orientedforms of worship and belief. This research has shownthat both as a social institution and source ofexistential meaning, religion provides an importantresource for older people in terms of fellowship andas a means of coping and adapting to social change andpersonal loss. Other religious traditions and otheraspects of salience of religious participation forolder people have been less thoroughly considered. This article investigates a religious ritual in Japan,that, rather than being a source of consolation, is anexpression of symbolic capital associated with elderstatus and, thus, gerontocratic power. The ritualcontributes to representing and reproducing the powerof older residents in a rural Japanese community,partly due to its being administratively situatedwithin an age-grade system that is a part ofneighborhood political organization. Through itsperformance, the ritual visually reproduces andrepresents stratified social structures thatconcentrate power in the hands of male members of thesenior age grade.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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