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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 31 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Increased vascularity in airway mucosa is a distinctive feature of airway remodelling in asthma. While corticosteroids have proved most effective in modifying airway inflammation, the effect of inhaled corticosteroids on increased airway mucosal vascularity in asthmatics has been little studied.Objective We examined the effect of inhaled corticosteroid on airway vascularity in bronchial biopsy specimens taken from asthmatic patients.Subjects and methods We studied bronchial biopsies from 28 asthmatic patients before and after treatment with inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) 800 µg/daily, or placebo, for 6 months in a double-blind manner. Biopsy specimens were evaluated for number of vessels and percentage of area occupied by vessels, using computerized image analysis after staining for type IV collagen in vessel walls. Specimens were also examined for extent of collagen III in the subepithelial basement membrane. In addition, we compared asthmatic specimens with biopsy specimens taken from non-asthmatic control subjects.Results There was a significant increase in number of vessels (P 〈 0.01) and percent vascularity (P 〈 0.001) in the submucosa of asthmatic patients compared with control subjects. After 6 months of treatment, we observed significant improvements in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), FEV1% and airway responsiveness (P 〈 0.05, each) in the BDP treatment group compared with the placebo group. This was accompanied by significant decreases in both vessel number and percent vascularity in the airways of BDP-treated patients (P 〈 0.05, each). We also observed a significant correlation between change in percent vascularity and change in collagen III thickness in the BDP-treated patients (rs = 0.90, P 〈 0.001). Furthermore, the change in percent vascularity was inversely correlated with both FEV1 (rs = −0.49, P 〈 0.05) and airway responsiveness (rs = −0.36, P 〈 0.05).Conclusion These findings suggest that inhaled corticosteroid treatment of asthma reduced airway wall vascularity during airway remodelling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK; Malden , USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd/Inc
    Journal of fish biology 64 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus larvae and early juveniles were assigned to one of three developmental stages based on the degree of guanine deposition. The development in terms of the guanine deposition was a function of body size and age and was more strongly associated with the former. The degree of guanine deposition is found to be valid as a criterion to distinguish Japanese anchovies at the end of the metamorphosing stage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 26 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Residual stresses generated by the mismatch of thermal expansion coefficients of ceramics and metals affect the strength of ceramic–metal joints. An interlayer metal can be inserted between the ceramic and metal in order to relax this stress. An analysis was carried out of the residual stresses produced during joint-cooling and in 4-point bending tests. The effects of interlayer thickness on ceramic–metal joint strength were then studied by considering a superimposed stress distribution of the residual stress and the bending stress. Finally, joint strength was estimated from fracture mechanics and strength probability analysis by considering the residual stress distribution, defect size and position of pre-existing defects in the ceramic parts. As a result of this study, we suggest an optimum material selection and interlayer thickness for ceramic–metal joint structures. This approach is generally suitable for the design of electrical and mechanical structures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Use of a monoclonal antibody against Lafora bodies for the immunocytochemical study of ground-glass inclusions in hepatocytes due to cyanamide Aims: Ground-glass inclusions (GGIs) in hepatocytes are known to be associated with cyanamide treatment in patients with alcohol dependency. The purpose of this study was to assess the reactivity of a monoclonal antibody (MAb) raised against polyglucosan and to detect early events in GGI formation. Methods and results: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded liver tissues from four patients treated with cyanamide were used. Sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin and periodic acid–Schiff with and without diastase digestion, and were immunohistochemically stained with the MAb. For electron microscopic study, routinely processed liver tissue from one patient was examined with conventional and immunoelectron microscopy with use of the MAb. All specimens from the four cyanamide-treated patients contained GGIs in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes, and these GGIs reacted intensely with the MAb. Fully developed GGIs contained various organelles, whereas early ones consisted primarily of glycogen granules and dilated smooth endoplasmic reticulum. In immunoelectron microscopic preparations, gold particles were located within GGIs, and the immunolabelled organelles appeared to be glycogen granules. Conclusions: This novel MAb is useful for the detection of GGIs caused by cyanamide. Our results support the idea that GGI formation may result from specific abnormalities in glucose metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 18 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : Glucocorticoids have been shown to induce peptic ulcers, especially when co-administered with NSAIDs. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) plays a role in gastric ulcer repair, facilitating the restitution of gastric mucosal epithelial cells. HGF expression is induced by PGs in gastric fibroblasts. We hypothesized that dexamethasone (DEX) may inhibit PG production and HGF expression, thus inhibiting HGF-induced gastric epithelial restitution.Aim : To investigate the effect of DEX on gastric restitution, using cultured gastric cells, the role of HGF in the restitution inhibited by DEX, and the effect of rebamipide on DEX- inhibited restitution.Methods : Human gastric fibroblasts were prepared from human stomach obtained at surgery; PGE2 and HGF is determined by ELISA; Restitution was assessed by the round wound restitution model, using coculture of gastric fibroblasts and epithelial cells; COX-2 and HGF mRNA were quantified by TaqMan RT-PCR system.Results : 1. DEX inhibited HGF mRNA and COX-2 mRNA. Accordingly, it inhibited PGE2 and HGF release. 2. DEX inhibited the restitution of gastric cells. 3. The inhibition of restitution was reversed by HGF and rebamipide to the same extent. 4. Rebamipide induced PGE2 and HGF.Conclusion : DEX inhibits restitution via HGF depletion, and rebamipide reverses the inhibited restitution by HGF induction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 14 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: There is compelling evidence for the pivotal role of Helicobacter pylori in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal ulcer disease. However, despite the bacterium's toxicity, the majority of H. pylori infections are not accompanied by gastric ulcers. This implies the existence of a host mechanism offsetting H. pylori toxicity. Aims: To evaluate gastric fibroblasts' expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), which is known to facilitate gastric ulcer healing, in the presence of H. pylori; to compare the effect on H. pylori-induced HGF expression of a COX-2 selective inhibitor with that of nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Methods: Human gastric fibroblasts were cultured from human gastric mucosa obtained at surgery. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and HGF were measured by EIA. The expression of COX-2 mRNA was assessed by the TaqMan quantitative RT-PCR system. Results: H. pylori increased PGE2 release in gastric fibroblasts. H. pylori induced expression of COX-2 mRNA, which indicates that PG induction by H. pylori is through COX-2. Sulindac sulphide, etodolac and NS 398 all inhibited H. pylori-induced PGE2 release to the same extent. These agents also inhibited H. pylori-induced HGF release. Conclusion: Gastric fibroblasts produce PG and HGF in response to the presence of H. pylori, which may be considered part of the human body's defensive reaction to H. pylori toxicity. This defensive mechanism is inhibited not only by COX-2 nonselective NSAIDs but also by a COX-2 selective inhibitor. These findings indicate the importance of COX-2 in chronic H. pylori infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 426-432 (Aug. 2003), p. 1405-1412 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 327-328 (Jan. 2000), p. 445-448 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 261-263 (Apr. 2004), p. 441-446 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The crack propagation along the bond coat / topcoat interface of a TBC system has been studied in a previous work under a certain mode ratio (K〈sub〉〈/sub〉2/K〈sub〉〈/sub〉1). In order to discuss a parameter thatdescribes the crack propagation, the growth behavior of a crack has to be studied under various K〈sub〉〈/sub〉2/K1 ratios. In this work, BEM was used to determine the modifications that change K〈sub〉〈/sub〉2/K〈sub〉〈/sub〉1 ratios of the specimen employed in the previous study. Six characteristics of the specimen were modified: location of the applied load; height; length, position and direction of the notch, and itsseparation from the bond coat / topcoat interface. Among these modifications, the change of location of load point can effectively change K〈sub〉〈/sub〉2/K〈sub〉〈/sub〉1 ratio to values greater and smaller than those of the previous study.Crack propagation tests with three different positions of load point were performed usingspecimens with topcoat porosity of 5%, 15% and 20%. The results indicated that, independently of K〈sub〉〈/sub〉2/K〈sub〉〈/sub〉1 ratio, the parameter K〈sub〉〈/sub〉i dominated the crack growth behavior for an interface crack undermixed mode
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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