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  • Artikel: DFG Deutsche Nationallizenzen  (4)
  • 1995-1999  (4)
  • 1975-1979
  • 1965-1969
  • 1930-1934
  • Confocal laser scanning microscopy  (2)
  • equation of state  (2)
Datenquelle
  • Artikel: DFG Deutsche Nationallizenzen  (4)
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Erscheinungszeitraum
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1436-3771
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Dentine ; enamel junction ; Odontoblast processes ; Dentinal tubules ; Confocal laser scanning microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The translucency of teeth allows the non-destructive subsurface visualisation of their microstructure by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) at a level of about 150 μm below the surface. The dentine–enamel junction (DEJ) is accessible only directly adjacent to the cervix of the tooth. Therefore teeth have to be sectioned for studying marginal areas of the dental hard tissue. The potential of the technique for (pseudo) three-dimensional visualisation allows the study of an array of individual confocal images, the interpretation of which is similar to that of macroscopic tomographs (CT-scan, MRI). Additionally, the extended focus mode yields the overlay of individual confocal images in the form of a two-dimensional projection. This mode of operation proved to be particularly suited for the visualisation of odontoblast processes in their whole extension. The three-dimensional junction between enamel and dentine, the branches of the odontoblast processes and their interactions with the DEJ is demonstrable by CLSM without staining or other procedures of sample preparation. The direct microscopic comparison between samples, either fresh or kept in a humid chamber, and Technovit-embedded sample blocks gives evidence that the risk of artefacts by sample storage or by the embedding procedure is minimal. The tomographs limited to subsurface areas of the tissue also exclude mechanical surface artefacts due to grinding or cutting.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie 2 (1998), S. 85-90 
    ISSN: 1434-3940
    Schlagwort(e): Schlüsselwörter Strahlenkaries ; In-vitro-Demineralisation ; Konfokale Laser-Scanning-Mikroskopie ; Key words Radiation caries ; In vitro demineralisation ; Confocal laser scanning microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Objective: The volume of literature on radiation-induced caries is still inconsistent as regards the state of the art. Our histotomographic studies have shown direct radiogenic effects on the dentoenamel junction (atrophy of the odontoblast processes). Whether there are direct effects of radiation on dental enamel is not yet known. Material and Method: Sound teeth (group 1, n = 10) were compared either with enamel specimens after high dose in vitro radiation (500– 2500 Gy; group 2; n = 10) and after experimental enoral in situ irradiation (60 Gy; group 3; n = 20), or with teeth from patients after cancer radiotherapy (36 Gy; group 4; n = 20) and with teeth which had obviously decayed due to cancer radiotherapy (60 Gy; group 5; n = 20). Vestibular enamel surfaces of the teeth were exposed to identical in vitro demineralizations (lactic acid gel; pH = 5.0). Each of the samples was prospectively studied histologically by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) after 90, 180 and 270 min of acid interaction. Data were interpreted micromorphometrically (width of the demineralized area) and micromorphologically. Results: The width of the demineralized area varies between the two in vivo irradiated groups of specimens (group 4: P 〈 0.01; group 5: P 〈 0.001) and the high dose in vitro irradiated teeth (P 〈 0.01) and is significantly different from the sound controls. The histological image of the demineralization in subsurface areas in the teeth of radiotherapy patients is characterized by a total loss of the prismatic structure (homogeneously, amorphous substance). Conclusions: Direct radiogenic effects at the dentoenamel junction have been described earlier. The additional information offered by this study is that there are significant micromorphometric differences in the demineralizing behaviour of irradiated enamel. Obviously, enamel is less resistant to acid attack after irradiation.
    Notizen: Fragestellung: Das umfangreiche Schrifttum zur Strahlenkaries zeigt den kontroversen Forschungsstand. Eigene Untersuchungen haben direkt radiogene Veränderungen an der Schmelz-Dentin-Grenze histotomographisch nachweisen können (Atrophie der Odontoblastenfortsätze). Offen ist die Frage nach direkten Strahlenfolgen im Schmelz. Material und Methode: Gesunde Zähne (Gr. 1, n = 10) wurden mit Proben nach hochdosierter In-vitro- (500–2500 Gy, Gr. 2, n = 20) und nach experimentell-enoraler In-situ-Bestrahlung (60 Gy, Gr. 3, n = 20) sowie mit Zähnen von Patienten nach präoperativer Strahlentherapie (36 Gy, Gr. 4, n = 20) und strahlenkariösen Zähnen nach tumortherapeutischer Strahlendosis (60 Gy, Gr. 5, n = 20) verglichen. Im direkten Parallelgruppenvergleich erfolgte eine standardisierte In-vitro-Demineralisierung (Milchsäuregel pH 5,0) an den vestibulären Schmelzoberflächen. Jede Probe wurde prospektiv histologisch durch konfokale Laser-Scanning-Mikroskopie (CLSM) nach 90, 180 und 270 min Entmineralisierung untersucht. Die Auswertung erfolgte mikromorphometrisch (Breite des Demineralisationssaums) und mikromorphologisch. Ergebnisse: Die Breite des Demineralisationssaums unterschied sich sowohl bei beiden in vivo bestrahlten Probengruppen (Gr. 4: p 〈 0,01; Gr. 5: p 〈 0,001) als auch bei den hochdosiert in vitro bestrahlten Zähnen (p 〈 0,01) signifikant von den Befunden der gesunden Kontrollen. Das histologische Bild der Demineralisation an den Zahnoberflächen von Radiotherapiepatienten zeigte dabei einen völligen Verlust der Prismenstruktur (homogen amorphe Substanz). Schlußfolgerungen: Direkte Strahlenfolgen an der Schmelz-Dentin-Grenze wurden in früheren Untersuchungen dargestellt. Zusätzlich konnten jetzt signifikante mikromorphometrische Unterschiede im Demineralisierungsverhalten des bestrahlten Schmelzes gezeigt werden. Offensichtlich ist der Schmelz nach der Bestrahlung für einen Säureangriff weniger resistent.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 17 (1996), S. 391-404 
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Schlagwort(e): coexistence curve ; equation of state ; Lennard Jones fluid ; thermodynamic properties
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract A new equation of state (EOS) is proposed for the Helmholtz energyF of the Lennard Jones fluid which represents the thermodynamic properties over a wide range of temperatures and densities. The EOS is written in the form of a generalized van der Waals equation.F =F u +F v. WhereF u is a hard body contribution andF A an anttractive dispersion force contribution. The expression forF H is closely related to the hybrid Barker Henderson pertubation theory. The construction ofF A is accomplished with the Setzmann Wagner optimization procedure on the basis of virial coefficients and critically assessed computer simulation data. A comparison with the EOS of Johnson et al. shows improvement in the description of the vapor liquid coexistence properties, thepvT data. and in peculiar, of the calorie properties. A comparison with the EOS of Kolafa and Nezbeda which appeared after the bulk of this work was finished shows still by about 30%.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 19 (1998), S. 1121-1132 
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Schlagwort(e): caloric properties ; density ; equation of state ; nitrogen ; thermodynamic properties
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract A new formulation describing the thermodynamic properties of nitrogen has been developed. New data sets which have been used to improve the representation of the p–ρ–T surface of gaseous, liquid and supercritical nitrogen, including the saturated states are now available. New measurements on the speed of sound from spherical resonators have been used to improve the accuracy of caloric properties in gaseous and supercritical nitrogen. State-of-the-art algorithms for the optimization of the mathematical structure of the equation and special functional forms for an improved description of the critical region were used to represent even the most accurate data within their experimental uncertainty. The uncertainty in density of the new reference equation of state ranges from ±0.01% between 270 and 350 K at pressures less than 12MPa, within ±0.02% over all other temperatures less than 550 K and pressures less than 12 MPa, and up to a maximum of ±0.6% at the highest pressures. The equation is valid from the triple point to temperatures of 1000 K and pressures up to 2200 MPa. The new formulation yields a reasonable extrapolation up to the limits of chemical stability of nitrogen as indicated by comparison to experimental shock tube data. Constraints regarding the structure of the equation ensure reasonable extrapolated properties up to temperatures and pressures of 5000 K and 25 GPa. For typical calibration applications, the new reference equation is supplemented by a simple but also highly accurate formulation, valid only for supercritical nitrogen between 270 and 350 K at pressures up to 30 MPa.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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