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Cellular expression pattern of the glycine decarboxylase P protein in leaves of an intergeneric hybrid between the C3-C4 intermediate species Moricandia nitens and the C3 species Brassica napus (1998)

Rawsthorne, S. ; Morgan, C. L. ; O’Neill, C. M. ; [et al.]

Springer

Theoretical and applied genetics 96 (1998), S. 922-927

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ISSN: 1432-2242

Keywords: Key words Brassica napus ; C3-C4 intermediate photosynthesis ; Glycine decarboxylase ; Intergeneric hybrid ; Moricandia arvensis

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract An intergeneric hybrid plant was produced between the C3-C4 intermediate species Moricandia nitens and the C3 species Brassica napus by sexual hybridization and in vitro embryo rescue. The hybrid nature of the plant was apparent in its morphology and flower pigmentation and was confirmed by leaf isozyme patterns. The overall plant morphology and the shape and thickness of leaves of the hybrid plant were intermediate between those of the parent species. However, the bundle-sheath cells of the hybrid resembled those of the C3 parent and lacked the organelle development of the C3-C4 intermediate parent. Immunogold labelling for the presence of the P subunit of the mitochondrial glycine decarboxylase complex revealed a very similar labelling density on mitochondria in bundle-sheath and mesophyll cells in B. napus, while in M. nitens the P subunit was only detectable in bundle sheath cells. In the hybrid the labelling density on mesophyll cell mitochondria was almost half of that on the bundle-sheath mitochondria. The CO2 compensation point of the hybrid was significantly less than that of the C3 parent but was not as low, nor as responsive to changes in light intensity, as for the C3-C4 parent.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050821

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Bone morphogenetic proteins inhibit adipocyte differentiation by bone marrow stromal cells (1995)

Gimble, J. M. ; Morgan, C. ; Kelly, K. ; [et al.]

New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell

Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 58 (1995), S. 393-402

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ISSN: 0730-2312

Keywords: adipocytes ; bone morphogenetic proteins ; differentiation ; bone marrow stromal cells ; transforming growth factor β ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine

Notes: The bone morphogenetic proteins were originally identified based on their ability to induce ectopic bone formation in vivo and have since been identified as members of the transforming growth factor-β gene superfamily. It has been well established that the bone morphogenetic cytokines enhance osteogenic activity in bone marrow stromal cells in vitro. Recent reports have described how bone morphogenetic proteins inhibited myogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells in vitro. In vivo, bone marrow stromal cells differentiate along the related adipogenic pathway with advancing age. The current work reports the inhibitory effects of the bone morphorphogenetic proteins on adipogenesis in a multipotent murine bone marrow stromal cell line, BMS2. When exposed to bone morphogenetic protein-2, the pre-adipocyte BMS2 cells exhibited the expected induction of the osteogenic-related enzyme, alkaline phosphatase. Following induction of the BMS2 cells with adipogenic agonists, adipocyte differentiation was assessed by morphologic, enzymatic, and mRNA markers. Flow cytometric analysis combined with staining by the lipophilic fluorescent dye, Nile red, was used to quantitate the extent of lipid accumulation within the BMS2 cells. By this morphologic criteria, the bone morphogenetic proteins inhibited adipogenesis at concentrations of 50 to 500 ng/ml. This correlated with decreased levels of adipocyte specific enzymes and mRNAs. The BMS2 pre-adipocytes constitutively expressed mRNA encoding bone morphogenetic protein-4 and this was inhibited by adipogenic agonists. Together, these findings demonstrate that bone morphogenetic proteins act as adipogenic antagonists. This supports the hypothesis that adipogenesis and osteogenesis in the bone marrow microenvironment are reciprocally regulated.

Additional Material: 4 Ill.