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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (2)
  • 1995-1999  (2)
  • Adrenalin  (1)
  • BECK DEPRESSION INVENTORY  (1)
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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (2)
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  • 1995-1999  (2)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 34 (1995), S. 293-300 
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Keywords: rats ; hepatocytes ; cAMP-cascade ; metallothionein ; epinephrine ; norepinephrine ; glucagon ; isoproterenol ; dibutyryl-cAMP ; Ratten ; Hepatocyten ; cAMP-Effektorsystem ; Metallothionein ; Adrenalin ; Noradrenalin ; Glukagon ; Isoproterenol ; Dibutyryl-cAMP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Am Modell primärer Rattenhepatocytenkulturen wurde die Beteiligung von Agonisten des cAMP-Effektorsystems am Metabolismus von Metallothionein (MT) untersucht. Alle Experimente wurden in DMEM/F12 (Ham)-Medium nach 24stündiger Vorinkubation mit 5 % fetalem Kälberserum (FCS) und 20 µM Zn durchgeführt. Zur Untersuchung einer möglichen Beteiligung von cAMP-Effektoren am MT-Metabolismus wurde das Nährmedium zusätzlich mit Adrenalin (100 µM), Noradrenalin (100 µM), Glukagon (1 µM) und Isoproterenol (1–1000 µM) sowie dem synthetischen cAMP-Analogon Dibutyryl-cAMP (500 µM) versetzt. Die Konzentration an MT im Zellhomogenat wurde mittels109Cd-Bindungsassay bestimmt. Die Vitalität der Kulturen wurde über die Freisetzung der Aktivität der Laktatdehydrogenase (LDH) ins Nährmedium und der Anfärbbarkeit der Zellen mit Trypanblau nachgewiesen. Isoproterenol und Glukagon führten zu einem signifikanten Anstieg der cytosolischen MT-Konzentration von bis zu 50 %. Im Gegensatz hierzu konnte weder nach Applikation von Adrenalin noch Noradrenalin eine signifikante Veränderung der MT-Synthese beobachtet werden. Die zusätzliche Supplementierung von Theophyllin (10–1000 µM) und Propranolol (1–100 µM) als Hemmer der Phosphodiesterase bzw. von β-Rezeptoren zeigte ebenfalls keine Effekte. Die Überprüfung der regulatorischen Mechanismen auf transkriptionaler und translationaler Ebene mittels Cycloheximid (0,1–500 µM) und Actinomycin D (0,1–100 µM) ließ eine vollständige Inhibierung des durch die Agonisten provozierten MT-Anstieges erkennen. Generell niedrige LDH-Aktivitäten, vor allem in Verbindung mit Isoproterenol, waren Zeichen einer guten Vitalität des Systems. Die vorliegende Untersuchung zeigt, daß die cAMP-Effektoragonisten Isoproterenol und Glukagon einen voneinander unabhängigen Effekt auf den Metabolismus von MT ausüben. Dabei ist der zu beobachtende MT-Anstieg auf einede novo Synthese des Proteins zurückzuführen, da eine Hemmung mittels Actinomycin D möglich ist. Trotzdem muß die Beteiligung von cAMP-Effektoren am Metabolismus von MT bezweifelt werden, da weder nach Supplementierung des Phosphodiesterasehemmers Theophyllin noch des synthetischen cAMP-Analogons Dibutyryl-cAMP eine Stimulation des Systems beobachtet werden konnte.
    Notes: Summary The model of rat primary hepatocytes incubated in DMEM/F12 (Ham) medium was used for studying the influence of the cAMP-effectors epinephrine (100 µM), norepinephrine (100 µM), glucagon (1 µM) and isoproterenol (1–1000 µM) as well as the synthetic cAMP-analogon dibutyryl-cAMP on the metabolism of metallothionein. Liver parenchymal cells isolated by a two-step collagenase perfusion were incubated with DMEM/F12 containing 5 % (v/v) fetal calf serum (FCS) and 20 µM zinc in Petri dishes. Experiments were initiated after a 24 h equilibration period by adding the agonists for 18 h. MT in hepatocyte homogenates was quantified by the109Cd-hemoglobin-binding assay. Cell viability was assessed by the activity of the cytosolic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) liberated into the culture medium and by trypan blue exclusion. Isoproterenol and glucagon produced a significant increase of cytosolic MT about 50 %. In contrast, incubation with epinephrine and norepinephrine did not lead to any significant effects in the amount of hepatic metallothionein. Simulating the influence of cAMP by dibutyryl-cAMP (500 µM) did not affect the content of hepatic metallothionein. To examine transcriptional and translational regulatory effects supplementation of cycloheximide (0.1–500 µM) and actinomycin D (0.1–100 µM) showed a total inhibition of the agonist induced amounts. Particularly in combination with isoproterenol low LDH activities reflected a high viability of hepatocytes. In conclusion, in primary hepatocyte cultures cAMP-mobilizing-agonists like isoproterenol and glucagon indicate an independent effect on the MT-metabolism. This is possibly due to thede novo synthesis of the protein because suppression by actinomycin D can be observed. However, cAMP-effectors do not seem to be involved in the induction of metallothionein because theophylline and dibutyryl-cAMP did not affect MT-metabolism by suppressing the phosphodiesterase or by stimulating the cAMP-cascade.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-3521
    Keywords: DEPRESSION ; ASSESSMENT ; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS ; BECK DEPRESSION INVENTORY
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Overlap between depression scale item content and medical symptoms may exaggerate depression estimates for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). We reconsider Mohr and co-workers' (1997) recommendation to omit Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) items assessing work ability (item 15), fatigue (17), and health concerns (20) for MS patients. Subjects were medical patients with either MS (n = 105) or a medical disorder for which the BDI is empirically supported [diabetes mellitus (DM), n = 71; chronic pain (CP), n = 80], psychiatric patients with depressive disorder (MDD; n = 37), and healthy controls (HC; n = 80). Relative scores for the eight “somatic” BDI items were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance with demographic variables and BDI total as covariates. The only significant difference was MS 〉 HC (item 15). On raw scores, MS patients exceeded HCs on items 15 and 21 (sexual disinterest), but this was attributable to the low HC item endorsement. There were no other differences on somatic items or item-total correlations. Scale consistency was good across groups, regardless of item omission. Somatic items were unassociated with major MS parameters. We thus encourage continued application of the full BDI for assessing depressive symptoms in patients with MS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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