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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (4)
  • 1995-1999  (4)
Source
  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (4)
Material
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Attentional modulation of startle in psychosis-prone college students (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Psychophysiology 32 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-8986
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Attentional modulation of startle eyeblink was studied in college students putatively at risk for psychosis and in normal controls. At-risk subjects had extreme scores on scales for either anhedonia or perceptual aberration-magical thinking (per-mags). Subjects were presented with to-be-attended and to-be-ignored tones; white noise startle probes were presented at lead intervals of 60, 120, 240, or 2,000 ms following the onset of attended and ignored tones and during intertone intervals. Controls showed greater inhibition of startle blink at 120 ms and greater facilitation at 2,000 ms during to-be-attended than to-be-ignored tone, demonstrating attentional modulation of prepulse inhibition and facilitation. Both at-risk groups showed normal overall levels of early inhibition and late facilitation. However, per-mags failed to show attentional modulation of either inhibition at 120 ms or facilitation at 2,000 ms; anhedonics showed no modulation of inhibition and modulation of facilitation was delayed in development. The results for the per-mags are strikingly similar to those observed in schizophrenic patients and suggest that these deficits index a trait-linked vulnerability to disorders in the schizophrenic spectrum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1995.tb02955.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The varying time courses of attentional and affective modulation of the startle eyeblink reflex (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Psychophysiology 33 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-8986
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: In previous research on modulation of the startle eyeblink reflex, emotional effects have been demonstrated only at late probe positions, whereas attentional effects have been found at both early and late positions but only when the prepulses were affectively neutral. In Experiment 1, participants viewed emotionally valenced pictures and were instructed to attend to the duration of half of the slides. Affective modulation of the startle eyeblink occurred at long lead intervals, but attentional modulation also occurred late. In Experiment 2, participants viewed the same slides used in Experiment 1 but were instructed to attend to the duration of only the positive or the negative slides. Affective modulation occurred at both early and late probe positions, whereas attentional effects occurred only following slide offset. Early (250 ms) affective modification of startle eyeblink has not been previously reported. These results suggest that the time courses of emotional and attentional modulation of startle are variable and can occur at both early and late startle probe positions, depending on task requirements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1996.tb02365.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tracking early and late stages of information processing: Contributions of startle eyeblink reflex modification (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Psychophysiology 33 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-8986
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Startle eyeblink modification was examined as a measure of information processing. College students were presented with tones of 5 and 7 s duration of either high or low pitch, followed by startle-eliciting stimuli at lead intervals of 120, 2.000, 4,500, or 6,000ms. Attention to tones was manipulated by instructing the task group to count the longer tones of either pitch. The no-task group had no instructed task. Startle eyeblink was inhibited at the short lead interval and facilitated at the long lead intervals in both groups. The task group showed greater inhibition and facilitation during attended than during ignored tones, indicating that early and late controlled processing was occurring. In the task group, I he degree of facilitation appeared to reflect the degree of cognitive demands of the task. Startle eyeblink modification may provide a sensitive measure of the nature and timing of stapes of processing in active and passive attentional conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1996.tb02118.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A longitudinal analysis of eye tracking dysfunction and attention in recent-onset schizophrenia (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Psychophysiology 35 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-8986
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: The effect of an attentional manipulation on eye tracking dysfunction (ETD) in the early stages of schizophrenia was examined in 34 recent-onset schizophrenic patients and 24 demographically matched normal subjects over a 1-year period. An attentional enhancement manipulation improved eye tracking performance of recent-onset schizophrenic patients more than that of normal subjects. Eye tracking level also was moderately stable for both groups over the course of 1 year. The possible role of attentional allocation in ETD highlights the need for further examination of the interface between attentional and eye tracking measures of vulnerability to schizophrenia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1469-8986.3540443
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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