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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (4)
  • 1990-1994  (4)
  • positron emission tomography  (3)
  • monkeys  (2)
  • Schlüsselwörter: Adrenokortikotropes Hormon (ACTH) – Aortokoronarer Bypass – Kortisol – Endothel, pulmonalvaskulär – Endothelin  (1)
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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (4)
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Years
  • 1990-1994  (4)
Year
  • 1
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: 5-Hydroxy-(β-11 C)-L-tryptophan ; monkey ; positron emission tomography ; enzyme inhibition ; decarboxylation rate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 5-Hydroxy-L-tryptophan labelled with 11 C is introduced as a tracer for the in vivo assessment of brain serotonin synthesis in the Rhesus monkey using positron emission tomography, PET. Increasing radioactivities were seen in the striatal area in contrast to that seen in other brain regions. Following 11 C-labelled L-tryptophan an even spread of brain radioactivity was seen. This selective increase most probably results from the decarboxylation of tracer and retention of formed products since no striatal increase of radioactivity was seen when 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan labelled with 11 C in the carboxy-position was administered. Furthermore, pretreatment of the monkey with a centrally active decarboxylase inhibitor (NSD 1015,10 mg/kg) did not lead to increased striatal radioactivities after the administration of 5-hydroxy-(β-11C)-L-tryptophan. The selective utilization of the radiotracer in the striatal area increased with a rate constant calculated to be 0.0055 ± 0.0015 min−1 (n = 5) using the surrounding brain as reference area. A non-significant influence of radiolabelled metabolites to the rate constants measured was shown after pretreatment of the monkeys with selective and non-selective monoamine oxidase inhibitors, respectively. These results may give a basis for the use of the new tracer 5-hydroxy-(β-11 C)-L-tryptophan in PET-studies of brain serotonin metabolism in health and disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: (β-11C)-L-dopa ; 6-fluoro-(β-11C)-L-dopa ; positron emission tomography ; catechol-O-methyl transferase ; monkeys
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The regional brain kinetics of (β-11C)-L-dopa and 6-fluoro-(β-11C)-L-dopa was measured in six Rhesus monkeys using positron emission tomography (PET). Radioactivity accumulated specifically in the striatal region and the increase in L-dopa-derived radioactivity utilization with time was calculated using surrounding brain as a reference area, this being devoid of dopaminergic activity. The rate constant for selective striatal utilization i.e. grossly decarboxylation was 0.0110 ± 0.0007 (S.D) and 0.0057 ± 0.0006 min1 for (β-11C)-L-dopa and 6-fluoro-(β-11C)-L-dopa, respectively. After pre-treatment of the monkeys with the peripherally and centrally active catecholamine-O-methyl transferase (COMT) inhibitor Ro 40-7592 10 mg/kg, the decarboxylation rate remained unchanged (0.0112 ± 0.0015 min-1) for (β11C)-L-dopa, whereas an increase in rate was measured for 6-fluoro-(β-11C)L-dopa (0.0092 ± 0.0015 min−1). Differences in the distribution of radiolabelled metabolites i.e. the corresponding O-methyl-L-dopa in the reference area is most probably the reason for the difference in calculated decarboxylation rate seen between the radiotracers. The higher decarboxylation rate measured for 6-fluoro-(β-11C)-L-dopa after blockade of COMT shows that the radiolabelled metabolites i.e. 6-fluoro-O-methyl-(β-11C)-L-dopa significantly contributes to background radioactivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter: Adrenokortikotropes Hormon (ACTH) – Aortokoronarer Bypass – Kortisol – Endothel, pulmonalvaskulär – Endothelin ; Key words: Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) – Aortocoronary bypass grafting – Endothelin – Endothelium, pulmonary vascular
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract. Study objective. To follow up endothelin (ET), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and cortisol levels in patients undergoing aortocoronary bypass grafting (CABG) and to determine whether these are extracted from plasma by the pulmonary circulation. Design. Convenience sample trial. Setting. University hospital. Patients. Eight male routine CABG patients without appreciable concomitant disease. Interventions. Patients were given anaesthesia in a strictly standardised manner using etomidate, flunitrazepam, fentanyl, and pancuronium. Nitroglycerin was administered prior to cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) at 2 mg/h and dopamine as the only catecholamine starting from CPB weaning until the end of sampling at 3.5 – 5 µg/kg⋅min. Samples were drawn in rapid sequence from cannulated radial and a distal pulmonary arteries (Swan-Ganz catheter) at eight sampling times starting after induction of anaesthesia and catheter placement and finishing 22 h after the end of operation. Measurements and Results. ET levels were determined by an ET-1, 2, 3-sensitive radioimmunoassay (RIA), ACTH and cortisol by commercially available RIA kits. There was a significant (P=0.032, linear regression analysis) correlation between ET and cortisol from pulmonary arterial samples. ET was significantly (P=0.042, two-tailed Wilcoxon test) extracted by the pulmonary circulation after induction of anaesthesia. This pulmonary-systemic arterial difference nearly disappeared intraoperatively, but tended to be restored 22 h after the end of operation at an approximately twofold increased level. Conclusions. No interrelation between ET and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis could be established by the ET, ACTH, and cortisol plasma levels. However, the significant correlation between perioperative ET and cortisol lends further support to the hypothesis of ET release by cortisol from vascular smooth-muscle cells. There is a net pulmonary clearance of ET in patients prior to CABG that is lost intra- and early postoperatively, but tends to be restored on the 1st day thereafter at an increased level.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung. Anhand perioperativer Plasmaspiegelverläufe von Endothelin (ET), ACTH und Kortisol während und bis zu 22 h nach aortokoronaren Bypassoperationen sollten mögliche Regelungszusammenhänge zwischen ET und der hypothalamisch-hypophysär-adrenalen Achse (HHAA) verfolgt werden. Eine eventuelle Netto-Extraktion oder -Freisetzung von ET aus der pulmonalen Strombahn war ebenfalls zu erfassen. Während ET- und Kortisolplasmaspiegel intraoperativ nur wenig von ihren Ausgangswerten abwichen und erst am ersten postoperativen Tag auf doppelt bis dreifach erhöhtes Niveau anstiegen, zeigte ACTH intraoperativ einen exponentiellen Anstieg, um am ersten postoperativen Tag bereits wieder das Ausgangsniveau zu erreichen. Daraus läßt sich kein Regelungszusammenhang von ET mit der HHAA ableiten; wohl aber findet anhand einer signifikanten (p=0,032) Korrelation zwischen pulmonalarteriellen ET- und Kortisolspiegeln die Hypothese Unterstützung, daß Kortisol ET aus glatten Gefäßmuskelzellen freisetzt. Im Gegensatz zu ACTH und Kortisol, deren Plasmaspiegel durch die Passage der pulmonalen Zirkulation unverändert blieben, wurde Endothelin nach Narkoseeinleitung signifikant geklärt (p=0,042), im weiteren intraoperativen Verlauf kam es zu einem weitgehenden Verlust der pulmonalvaskulären Klärfunktion, die am ersten postoperativen Tag dem Betrage nach wiederhergestellt war.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: 5-Hydroxy-L-(β-11 C)tryptophan ; L-(β-11 C)DOPA ; positron emission tomography ; aromatic amino acid decarboxylase ; monkeys
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The regional brain kinetics following 5-hydroxy-L-(β-11 C)tryptophan and L-(β-11 C)DOPA intravenous injection was measured in twelve Rhesus monkeys using positron emission tomography (PET). The radiolabelled compounds were also injected together with various doses of unlabelled 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan or L-DOPA. The radioactivity accumulated in the striatal region and the rate of increased utilization with time was calculated using a graphical method with back of the brain as a reference region. The rate constants for decarboxylation were 0.0070 ± 0.0007 (S. D) and 0.0121±0.0010min−1 for 5-hydroxy-L-(β-11C)tryptophan and L-(β-11 C)DOPA, respectively. After concomitant injection with unlabelled 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan, the rate constant of 5-hydroxy-L-(β-11 C)tryptophan decreased dose-dependently and a 50 percent reduction was seen with a dose of about 4mg/kg of unlabelled compound. A decreased utilization rate of L-(β-11 C)DOPA was seen only after simultaneous injection of 30 mg/kg of either L-DOPA or 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan. This capacity limitation was most likely interpreted as different affinity of the striatal aromatic amino acid decarboxylase for L-DOPA and 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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