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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (2)
  • 1985-1989  (2)
  • 1980-1984
  • phytotoxicity  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sensitive bioassays for determining residues of sulfonylurea herbicides in soil and their availability to crop plants (1989)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 188-189 (1989), S. 367-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: herbicides ; bioassays ; phytotoxicity ; persistence ; herbicide residues ; biological activity ; soil residual activity ; sulfonylurea herbicides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Sulfonylurea herbicides are potent inhibitors of plant growth and are extremely active against a wide spectrum of weeds. They are used at very low rates (10–50 g ai/ha) and cause rapid inhibition of root and shoot growth of young plants. Routine chemical assays for detecting low levels of these compounds are difficult and there is need to develop sensitive bioassay methods for detecting their extremely low residue levels in the soil. This paper describes a simple pot bioassay method with a self watering system using turnip (Brassica rapa) seedlings as test plants for quantitative determination of sulfonylurea herbicides. Results are presented with six of these compounds whose activity was investigated in widely differing substrates. The potential availability to plants was calculated from the dose-response curves in different substrates. The dose-response relationship has been described by a specifically developed computer model. Details are also given of a direct seeded bioassay method with controlled watering system using several test species for detection of sulfonylurea herbicides. The potential uses and practical applications of both techniques are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027802
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of some weed extracts against field dodder on alfalfa (Medicago sativa) (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 14 (1988), S. 443-452 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Extracts ; phytotoxicity ; Medicago sativa ; dodder ; Cuscuta campestris ; Amaranthus albus ; Chenopodium murale ; Cynodon dactylon ; Sorghum halepense
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of some weed extracts against field dodderCuscuta campestris Yunck. on alfalfa (Medicago stiva L.) and to identify and quantify the phytotoxic agents of these extracts. All concentrations of aqueous extract of every weed showed significant effectiveness on dodder when compared to the untreated plant under lath house and field conditions. Control percentages of the (0.5 g) of Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon) and wall goosefoot (Chenopodium murale) ranged between 83 and 96, and the same concentration caused injury to alfalfa foliage up to 43% when applied in the field. Phytotoxic agents were identified as phenolic compounds such as chlorogenic, isochlorogenic,p-coumaric acids, and scopoletin. Their quantities varied with species; Bermuda grass had the highest content (32.2 μg/g dry weight) followed by Johnson grass (Sorghum halepense), well goosefoot, and tumble pigweed (Amaranthus albus). These results might aid in screening for effective alternate approaches for controlling dodder on alfalfa planted for seeds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01013896
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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