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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (2)
  • 1975-1979  (2)
  • Cortical blindness  (1)
  • GABA  (1)
Source
  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (2)
Material
Years
  • 1975-1979  (2)
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 294 (1976), S. 1-7 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Neuroleptics ; Benzodiazepines ; Dopamine ; HVA ; GABA ; Catalepsy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Several benzodiazepines (chlordiazepoxide, clonazepam, diazepam and flunitrazepam) markedly counteracted the elevation of the homovanillic acid (HVA) content of the rat brain induced by neuroleptics (haloperidol, pimozide, chlorpromazine, and clozapine). A similar effect was obtained with the inhibitor of GABA transaminase, aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA). The interaction of benzodiazepines with the neuroleptic-induced HVA increase was similar in the striatum and in the limbic forebrain, and was antagonized by the GABA receptor-blocking agent, picrotoxin. Both the benzodiazepines used and AOAA potentiated the cataleptic effect of the four neuroleptics. It is concluded that benzodiazepines, by intensifying GABA-ergic transmission, enhance the ongoing inhibition of mesencephalic dopamine neurons exerted by the striatonigral GABA system. As a consequence, the feedback activation of dopamine neurons induced by the neuroleptic blockade of dopamine receptors in the striatum and the limbic system is attenuated. This results in a reduction of the neuroleptic-induced increase of HVA and in the potentiation of the cataleptic effect of neuroleptics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 225 (1978), S. 55-66 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Cortical blindness ; Occlusion of posterior cerebral arteries ; Vascular spasms ; Nondominant hemisphere lesion ; Prosopagnosia ; Color recognition ; Anosognosia ; Rindenblindheit ; Verschluß der Aa. cerebri posteriores ; Gefäßspasmus ; Rechtshemisphärische Läsion ; Prosopagnosie ; Farber ; kennungsstörung ; Anosognosie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Neuropsychologische Befunde im Verlauf corticaler Blindheiten bei Gefäßverschlüssen der Aa. cerebri posteriores oder nach Spasmen im Anschluß an Subarachnoidalblutungen und angiographische Untersuchungen werden bei 4 rechtshändigen Patienten (2 Frauen, 2 Männer) im Alter von 53 bis 70 Jahren dargestellt. Bei einer Kranken persistierte die totale Blindheit 3 Monate bis zum Tode und dauerte bei einem Kranken 4 Wochen und bei 2 Patienten 1–2 Tage lang an. Verwirrtheitszustände und optische Halluzinationen fanden sich bei 3 Kranken. Die Nichtbeachtung der eigenen Blindheit (Anton-Syndrom) war am deutlichsten bei einer Kranken mit arteriographisch gesichertem beidseitigen A. cerebri posterior-Verschluß und bei den anderen Fällen geringer ausgeprägt. Während der Rückbildung bestanden Anzeichen einer vorwiegend rechtshemisphärischen Läsion mit Hemianopsie nach links und Minderung des optokinetischen Nystagmus nach links und Prosopagnosie. Dysmorphopsien mit veränderter Physiognomiewahrnehmung fanden sich bei einer Kranken. Vorübergehende Farberkennungsstörungen bestanden bei 3 Kranken. Die Beobachtungen werden im Zusammenhang mit Befunden der Literatur diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary Neuropsychologic findings during recovery from cortical blindness are described in four right-handed patients (two female, two male) aged 53 to 70 years. The lesions were due to occlusion of both posterior cerebral arteries (Case 1) and vascular spasm following subarachnoidal hemorrhage (Case 3) or angiography (Cases 2 and 4). Complete blindness lasted for 3 months until death in Case 1, 4 weeks in case 2, and 1 to 2 days in Cases 3 and 4. Confusional states and visual hallucinations were pronouced in three cases. Anosognosia (Anton's syndrome) was most pronounced in a patient with occlusion of both posterior cerebral arteries and less obvious in the remaining patients. During the recovery phase, symptoms of right hemisphere involvement were prominent with left-sided hemianopsia and diminished optokinetic nystagmus to the left, prosopagnosia in two cases, and dysmorphopsia with altered physiognomic recognition in one case. Transient disturbances of color recognition occurred in three patients. The observations are discussed with reference to clinical and neuropathologic findings of the literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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