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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (3)
  • enantioselective HPLC  (2)
  • (R)-albuterol  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: warfarin enantiomers ; achiral/chiral high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) ; enantioselective HPLC ; serum levels
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract An assay for the serum concentration of the enantiomers of warfarin, R-warfarin and S-warfarin, has been developed using a bovine serum albumin chiral stationary phase (BSA-CSP) coupled to a Pinkerton internal-surface reverse-phase (ISRP) achiral column. The ISRP column is used to separate R,S-warfarin from the serum components and warfarin metabolites and to quantitate the total R,S-warfarin concentration. The eluent containing R,S-warfarin is then selectively transferred to the BSA-CSP, where the enantiomers are stereochemically resolved (α = 1.19) and the enantiomeric composition is determined. This system is sensitive and accurate, does not require extensive precolumn manipulations, and can be automated for use in large-scale clinical studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: (R)-albuterol ; enantiomer ; population pharmacokinetic analysis ; pharmacodynamics ; nebulization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Purpose. The objectives of this study were to 1) construct a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) model, and 2) determine the PKs and PDs of (R)-albuterol when given by nebulization to 8 dogs for 7 consecutive days. Methods. Four doses were evaluated (0.002, 0.02, 0.1, and 0.4 mg/kg/day). Blood samples were obtained after drug administration on days 1 and 7. Heart rates (HR) were obtained during treatment days 1, 4 and 7. All (R)-albuterol plasma concentrations were fitted using a mixed gut-lung absorption 2-compartment PK model. Day-1, 4, and 7 HR data were co-modeled using a direct response model with Hill-type equations, including a necessary tolerance phenomenon. The population PK-PD analysis was performed with an iterative 2-stage methodology (IT2S). Results. No chiral inversion was seen, and double absorption peaks on the plasma concentration versus time curves were observed in the majority of dogs. These were hypothesized to be the result of combined gut and lung absorption of (R)-Albuterol. Results indicated that 67% (range: 57-89%) of (R)-albuterol systemic exposure after nebulized administration is due to gut absorption. Mean population PK parameters were KaGI (10±5.7 h−1), KaLUNG (21±9.5 h−1), CLc/F (0.6±0.2 L/h/kg), CLd/F (1.4±0.5 L/h/kg), Vc/F (1.4±0.9 L/kg), and Vp/F (4.8±2.4 L/kg). (R)-albuterol administration was associated with an increase in the dogs heart rates. A tolerance effect related to the cumulative dose was observed and modeled. Conclusions. The presented PK-PD model appears to differentiate gut from lung absorption when (R)-albuterol is given by 15-minute nebulization to dogs. These results agree with the accepted hypothesis that most of the systemic exposure of (R)-albuterol after nebulized administration is due to gut absorption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: amylose tris-3,5-dimethylphenyl carbamate CSP {AD-CSP} ; cellulose tris-3,5-dimethylphenyl carbamate CSP {ODH-CSP} ; enantioselective HPLC ; coupled column chromatography ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Enantioselective HPLC methods have been developed for the resolution of (RS)-2-phenylcyclohexanone (compound 1) and (RS)-2-phenyltetrahydropyran-4-one (compound 4) and the diastereoselective and enantioselective separations of their respective cis- and trans-alcohols; reduction of compound 1 yields trans- and cis-2-phenyl-1-cyclohexanol (compounds 2 and 3, respectively) and reduction of compound 4 yields trans- and cis-2-phenyl-tetrahydropyran-4-ol (compounds 5 and 6, respectively). Compounds 1, 2, and 3 were stereochemically resolved using a chiral stationary phase (CSP) based upon amylose tris(3,5-dimethylphenyl carbamate) coated on 10 μm silica-gel (Chiralpak AD-CSP). Compounds 4, 5, and 6 were stereochemically resolved on a coupled column system where a column containing a CSP based upon cellulose tris(3,5-dimethylphenyl carbamate) coated on 5 μm silica (Chiralcel OD-H-CSP) was coupled in series to the AD-CSP. The strategy employed in the identification of the peaks in the respective chromatograms is also discussed in this presentation. Chirality 8:551-555, 1996. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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