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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (2)
  • Alcoholism  (1)
  • Dependence  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 67 (1996), S. 896-904 
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Alkohol ; Abhängigkeit ; Psychopathologie ; Depression ; Affektive Störungen ; Key words Alcohol ; Dependence ; Psychopathology ; Depression ; Affective disorders
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The frequent comorbidity of psychiatric disorders and alcohol dependence has raised increasing interest in the scientific literature over the last few years. Special attention has been given to the coincidence of depressive syndromes and alcohol dependence. Depressive syndromes can both precede and follow the onset of alcohol dependence. Their diagnostic classification can cause considerable problems. In clinical studies, very different prevalence rates of depressive syndromes in alcohol-dependent persons were found. The frequency of primary depressive syndromes appeared to be substantially smaller than the frequency of secondary depressive syndromes. Epidemiological studies did not point at the exceedingly high comorbidity of affective disorders and alcohol dependence. In this review article, scientific results about possible causes of depressive syndromes in alcohol-dependent persons are demonstrated; genetic and neurobiological links between depression, alcohol dependence and the possible importance of changes in serotoninergic transmission are discussed; methodological problems are described, and implications of the comorbidity problem for treatment planning are presented.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die häufige Komorbidität von psychischen Erkrankungen und Alkoholabhängigkeit hat in der wissenschaftlichen Literatur in den letzten Jahren zunehmende Beachtung gefunden. Fokussiert wurde dabei v. a. die Koinzidenz von depressiven Syndromen und Alkoholabhängigkeit. Depressive Syndrome können einer Alkoholabhängigkeit zeitlich vorangehen oder auch folgen. Ihre diagnostische Zuordnung kann erhebliche Probleme bereiten. In klinischen Untersuchungen wurden bei Alkoholikern sehr unterschiedliche Prävalenzraten für depressive Syndrome berichtet. Die Häufigkeit von primär depressiven Syndromen war dabei wesentlich geringer als die sekundär depressiver Syndrome. Epidemiologische Untersuchungen zeigten eine vergleichsweise niedrige Komorbiditätsrate von affektiven Störungen und Alkoholabhängigkeit. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit werden Forschungsergebnisse über mögliche Ursachen depressiver Syndrome bei Alkoholikern dargestellt, genetische und neurobiologische Querverbindungen zwischen Depression und Alkoholabhängigkeit aufgezeigt, die Bedeutung von Veränderungen im serotonergen System diskutiert, methodische Probleme erörtert und Implikationen des Komorbiditätsproblems für die Behandlungsplanung dargelegt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 242 (1993), S. 362-372 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Schizophrenia ; Alcoholism ; Substance abuse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary All schizophrenic patients admitted consecutively either to the Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Munich (group 1,N=183) or the Mental State Hospital Haar/Munich (group 2,N=447) between 1.8.1989 and 1.2.1990 were examined to assess prevalence estimates for substance abuse in schizophrenic inpatients. psychiatric diagnosis were made according to ICD-9 criteria. Psychopathology and psychosocial variables were documented by means of the AMDP-protocol on admission and discharge. The diagnostic procedure included a detailed semi-structured interview concerning the individual alcohol and drug history and sociodemographic data, the Munich Alcoholism Screening Test (MALT), a physical examination and the screening of various laboratory parameters such as GGT and MCV, among others. The results show that substance abuse is a very common problem in schizophrenics. Lifetime prevalence rates for substance abuse were estimated at 21.8% in group 1 and 42.9% in group 2,3-month prevalence rates for substance abuse were estimated at 21.3% resp. 29.0%. Alcohol abuse was by far the most common type of abuse with prevalence estimates being 17.4% resp. 34.6%. Prevalence rates for substance abuse were much higher in the more “chronic” sample of the Mental State Hospital and in male patients. With respect to schizophrenic subtype few differences could be demonstrated with drug dependence being more common in patients with paranoid schizophrenia. The MALT proved to be a valuable sceening instrument for alcohol abuse in schizophrenics with both a high specifity and sensitivity. “Dual diagnosis” schizophrenics had a significantly higher rate of suicide attempts and were less likely to be married. Possible clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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