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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (3)
  • Amphetamine  (2)
  • Enkephalin  (1)
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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (3)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dopamine-sensitive alternation and collateral behaviour in a Y-maze: Effects of d-amphetamine and haloperidol (1985)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 85 (1985), S. 123-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Amphetamine ; Haloperidol ; Dopamine ; Y-Maze ; Alternation ; Rearing ; Collateral behaviour ; “Switching” ; Novelty ; Attention ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The degree of alternation of arm choice in a Y-maze was examined on 15-min tests over 4 days in rats treated (IP) with saline, amphetamine (0.5 or 2.0 mg/kg) or pretreated with haloperidol (0.08 mg/kg) in each condition prior to test. On day 1 amphetamine-treated animals chose arms at random, but from day 2–4 those receiving the higher dose perseverated their choice. Controls maintained alternation. These effects could be prevented by haloperidol pretreatment. Amphetamine treatment increased the frequency of rearing at the middle, choice-point of the maze more than at the end of an arm. The increase at the mid-point was suppressed by haloperidol pretreatment from day 1 and at the end of an arm from day 2. Amphetamine induced an increase in head-turning/“looking” that was suppressed by haloperidol from day 2. The effect of haloperidol in increasing the duration of an item of looking or rearing at the end of an arm also started later in testing. Two effects are postulated to have occurred: (i) a conflict on day 1 between novelty-controlled sensory or attentional effects that leads to an alternation of arm choice and amphetamine-induced dopaminergic activity that facilitates an alternation of behavioural responses. The result was random choice and increased rearing at the choice point. (ii) On days 2–4 the drug-induced effects on switching motor responses came to control behaviour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00427335
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GABAergic mechanisms within the ventral tegmental area: Involvement of dopaminergic (A 10) and non-dopaminergic neurones (1982)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 77 (1982), S. 186-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: GABA ; Ventral tegmental area ; Dopamine ; Pictrotoxin ; EOS ; Enkephalin ; Locomotor activity ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The spontaneous activity of rats was measured after activation or inhibition of GABA activity in the ventral tegmental area of the midbrain (VTA). Six hours after bilateral injection of ethanolamine-o-sulphate (GABA agonist) into the VTA, the behavioural activation induced either by d-amphetamine (amph) or by bilateral VTA infusion of a long-lasting enkephalin analogue was completely blocked. Bilateral infusion of picrotoxin (GABA antagonist) into the VTA elicited a short-lived (40 min) dose-dependent behavioural activation which was not reduced either by prior specific lesion of the meso-cortico-limbic dopaminergic neurones or by administration of the opiate antagonist naloxone. Moreover, the simultaneous administration of picrotoxin and amph induced complex changes in behaviour which consisted of additive effects during the first 40 min, followed by an inhibition of the activating effect of amph. Our findings indicate that GABA-mediated inhibition involves both dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic neurones within the VTA, and possible implications for human pathology are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00431946
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Repeated stress increases locomotor response to amphetamine (1984)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 84 (1984), S. 431-435 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Stress ; Amphetamine ; Locomotor activity ; Dopamine ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Adult male rats submitted to mild, 20 min electric foot shock sessions for 10 days displayed an enhanced locomotor response to 0.75 mg/kg (+)amphetamine 24 h after the last shock session, when compared to non-stressed controls. This effect was still present in rats specifically deprived of their forebrain noradrenergic innervation, suggesting the involvement of a dopaminergic mechanism. Cortical and limbic dopamine turnover which increased immediately after acute and repeated foot shocks returned to normal 24 h later, at the time of the pharmacological testing. This fact indicates that a permanent modification of the basal DA activity is not responsible for the above effect apomorphine was enhanced in experimental animals, while hypoactivity resulting from the injection of 0.05 mg/kg apomorphine was similar in control and shocked rats. This latter result suggests the existence of an increased postsynaptic DA sensitivity as a result of repeated stress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00555227
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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