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The influence of epilithic microbial films on the settlement of Semibalanus balanoides cyprids – a comparison between laboratory and field experiments (1998)

Thompson, R. C. ; Norton, T. A. ; Hawkins, S. J.

Springer

Hydrobiologia 375-376 (1998), S. 203-216

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ISSN: 1573-5117

Keywords: barnacle ; biofilm ; cypris ; recruitment ; fouling ; microalgae ; succession ; rocky ; intertidal

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract Barnacle cypris larvae show considerable exploratory behaviour prior to habitat selection. The influence of natural epilithic microbial fouling organisms on the settlement of Semibalanus balanoides cyprids (Crustacea: Cirripedia) was examined using laboratory and field based investigations. In choice chambers, cues from microbial films were important; cyprids preferred surfaces with a mature microbial film to either unfilmed surfaces or those with a developing film. Cyprids also discriminated between filmed rocks from different tidal heights, preferentially selecting those from the mid-shore which is their usual zone. Filmed surfaces which had previously been colonised by barnacles were selected in preference to unfilmed surfaces, but the presence of an adult barnacle did not enhance settlement on either filmed or unfilmed surfaces. However, laboratory experiments were not consistent with settlement in the field which was predominantly influenced by the proximity of conspecifics and by traces of previous barnacle colonisation. These factors increased settlement, and seemed to over-rule cues from microbiota within the film. Difficulties in the application of laboratory based studies to settlement in the natural environment are discussed.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1017036301082

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Chemical imaging of multicomponent viscous fingering in chromatography (1997)

Dickson, Matthew L. ; Norton, T. Tucker ; Fernandez, Erik J.

Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell

AIChE Journal 43 (1997), S. 409-418

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ISSN: 0001-1541

Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

Notes: Resolution in chromatographic separations can be compromised by nonuniform flow distribution, heterogeneous packing, or flow instabilities such as viscous fingering. In this work, the displacement of solutes within a chromatographic column was monitored with an advanced magnetic-resonance technique, echo-planar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI). Unlike conventional magnetic-resonance imaging, this approach allows multiple solutes to be observed simultaneously, providing separate “chemical images” for each component. Qualitative chemical images were obtained in approximately 1 min with approximately 1 mm3 spatial resolution. EPSI allowed us to examine the multi-component viscous fingering problem for the first time. While many features of the instability are preserved, solute retention appears to slow the growth of solvent fingers.

Additional Material: 8 Ill.