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Flumazenil blockade of anxiety following ethanol withdrawal in rats (1997)

Moy, S. S. ; Knapp, D. J. ; Criswell, H. E. ; [et al.]

Springer

Psychopharmacology 131 (1997), S. 354-360

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ISSN: 1432-2072

Keywords: Key words Anxiety ; Benzodiazepines ; Corticotropin-releasing factor ; Elevated plus maze ; Stress

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Abstract In previous research, the drug flumazenil has been categorized both as a pure benzodiazepine antagonist and as a benzodiazepine partial agonist. The following studies used an elevated plus maze to test whether flumazenil would exert any antianxiety action in rats. While chlordiazepoxide (3.0 mg/kg), ethanol (0.75 g/kg), and the atypical benzodiazepine zolpidem (1.0 mg/kg) all significantly increased time spent on the open arms and percent open arm entries, flumazenil (1–10 mg/kg) alone did not produce any anxiolytic effects on the maze. Withdrawal from chronic ethanol treatment led to a decrease in open arm time and percent open arm entries. Flumazenil (3.0 mg/kg) blocked these changes, suggesting that the effects of flumazenil are at least partially dependent upon the levels of stress or anxiety in the subjects. An anxiolytic action of flumazenil was not seen following the central administration of the neuropeptide corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), which reduced open arm time on the elevated plus maze. These results support the hypothesis that the mechanism of action for flumazenil effects on the anxiety observed during ethanol withdrawal involves antagonism of an endogenous benzodiazepine inverse agonist, rather than activity as a partial agonist or blockade of CRF-mediated effects.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002130050303

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Quantitative analysis of adenosine: Statistical comparison of radioimmunoassay and gas chromatography - mass spectrometry - selected ion monitoring methods (1986)

Ballard, K. D. ; Eller, T. D. ; Webb, J. G. ; [et al.]

Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell

Biological Mass Spectrometry 13 (1986), S. 667-675

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ISSN: 1052-9306

Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: A new method for quantitating adenosine concentration by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-selected ion monitoring (GC-MS-SIM) has been developed and used as a reference method for evaluating a newly developed radioimmunoassay (RIA) for adenosine. Details of the GC-MS-SIM method are presented, along with the comparative results and uncertainties of both methods. General considerations in the statistical analysis of method comparison data are discussed with particular reference to studies using quantitative mass spectrometry as the standard method; the adenosine methods are used as specific examples in this discussion. Simultaneous estimation of the y-intercept and slope of the least squares regression line relating the results of the two methods using the 95% joint confidence ellipse demonstrated the absence of either constant or proportional error between the two methods. The relatively small uncertainty in the GC-MS-SIM measurements had no significant effect on the linear regression. Random error between the two methods was detected, and was estimated by the coefficient of variation in the RIA data as ten percent of the RIA value.

Additional Material: 6 Ill.