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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (20)
  • Chemistry  (18)
  • Excess molar volume  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 21 (1992), S. 425-431 
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Excess molar volume ; 1-nonanol ; n-heptane
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The excess molar volumes V m E at atmospheric pressure and at 25, 35 and 45°C for binary mixtures of 1-nonanol, with n-heptane have been obtained over the whole mole fraction range from densities measured with a vibrating-tube densimeter. The measurements at 25°C were extended to high dilution of 1-nonanol. The V m E are sigmoid for the three temperatures, with a small maximum at low mole fractions of the alkanol. The absolute values of V m E increase with temperature from 25 to 45°C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Excess molar volume ; diethyl carbonate ; n-heptane ; n-decane ; n-tetradecane ; 2,2,4-trimethylpentane ; cyclohexane ; benzene ; toluene ; tetrachloromethane
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The excess molar volumes V m E at atmospheric pressure and at 25°C for binary mixtures of diethyl carbonate with n-heptane, n-decane, n-tetradecane, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, cyclohexane, benzene, toluene, or tetrachloromethane have been obtained over the whole mole-fraction range from densities measured with a vibrating-tube densimeter. The V m E are positive for all the systems investigated, except for the mixture with toluene which is negative. The results for V m E together with data previously published on excess molar enthalpies H m E and excess molar Gibbs energies G m E , suggest interactions between carbonate and hydrocarbons which are stronger with aromatic than with aliphatic hydrocarbons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 25 (1987), S. 1449-1450 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 54 (1994), S. 1073-1078 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The peroxide curing of highly saturated nitrile rubber was analyzed. Reactions such as chain scission occurred that account for the drop in physical properties. The results are compared with an alternative cross-linking that is currently being assessed. With a new curing agent the chain-scission reaction was not present and the properties of the compounds were improved. Finally, an estimation of the free volume of the materials tested was attempted by using the WLF equation. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 61 (1997), S. 823-833 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In this work, the CLOPPA approach is extended to allow the bond-contribution analysis of the anisotropic part, ΔJ, of the indirect nuclear spin-spin coupling tensor, J. As an example this method is applied to study the role played by the X-Y bond, its antibonding orbital, and the Y lone pairs in determining the Fermi contact-spin dipolar cross contribution to Δ1J(XY) in compounds of type Me3X(SINGLE BOND)Y (X = C, Si, Sn, Pb; Y = F, Cl). That contribution is found to be the main one, except for × = Pb, in this series of compounds. Calculations are carried out using semiempirical AM1 ground-state wave functions. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 55 (1976), S. 85-96 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Acht Imid-dicarbonsäuren wurden aus Trimellitsäureanhydrid, Pyromellitsäureanhydrid und verschiedenen aliphatischen Aminocarbonsäuren (HOOC—(CH2)n—NH2, n = 1,2,3,5) synthetisiert.Die entsprechenden Copolyimid-anhydride wurden nach den üblichen Methoden in Anwesenheit von Essigsäureanhydrid hergestellt1,2.Die Copolyimide haben eine aliphatisch-aromatische Struktur; ihre Eigenschaften wurden in Abhängigkeit der Struktur untersucht und durch IR-Spektren, Elementaranalyse und viskosimetrische Messungen charakterisiert. Löslichkeit, Hydrolysierbarkeit und Wärmestabilität wurden bestimmt.
    Notes: Eight imide-diacids were synthesized from trimellitic anhydride, pyromellitic anhydride and aminoacids of the formula HOOC—(CH2)n—NH2, with n = 1,2,3,5. From them, polyanhydride-imides were obtained following a general method of formation of polyanhydrides in the presence of acetic anhydride1,2.These co-polyimides have an aliphatic-aromatic structure and the relation between the general properties and the amount of the aliphatic part in the repeat unit was studied. IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and viscosity measurements were used for the characterization. Studies of solubility, hydrolysis resistance and thermal properties were also made.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 925-934 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Scaling of iron between 700 and 900°C in CO/CO2mixtures with minor additions of COS, SO2 and H2SScaling of iron in CO/CO, mixtures containing less than 1.6% COS, H2S or SO2follows initially a linear kinetic law. The transition from the linear to the parabolic law is displaced toward shorter periods with increasing sulfur contents in the gas and with decreasing temperature. At 800 and 900°C the rate of the reaction between iron and the sul-fur compound in the gas is controlled by the mass transfer in the gas phase. In this conditions the reaction rates with COS and H2S are practically identical, while the reaction with SO2yields al-most double the weight increase because in this case not only sulfur, but also part of the oxygen of SO2 react with iron. At 700°C there is a transition of the control mechanism in CO/CO2C/S mixtures with increasing COS contents, namely from control by mass transfer in the gas phase to control by the phase boundary reaction. Some consequences concerning the heating of steel in technical furnaces are discussed.
    Notes: Eisen verzundert in CO-CO2-Gemischen rnit Gehalten unter 1,6% COS, H2S oder SO2 zu Beginn nach einem linearen Zeitgesetz. Der Übergang vom linearen zum parabolischen Zeitgesetz wird mit steigendem S-Gehalt des Gases und sinkender Temperatur zu kürzeren Zeiten verschoben. Bei 800 und 900°C ist geschwindigkeitsbestimmend für die Reaktion des Eisens mit der S-Verbindung des Gases der Stofftransport in der Gasphase. Unter diesen Bedingungen ist die Geschwindigkeit der Reaktion mit COS und H2S praktisch gleich, wahrend die Reaktion rnit SO2 zu einer fast doppelten Gewichtszunahme fuhrt, weil in diesem Fall nicht nur der Schwefel, sondern auch ein Teil des Sauerstoffs des SO2 mit dcm Eisen reagiert. Bei 700°C erfolgt CO-CO2-COS-Gemischen mit in steigendem COS-Gehalt ein Überganq won geschwindigkeitshemmendem Stoff-transport im Gas zu geschwindigkeitsbestimmender Phasengrenzreaktion. Einige Folgerungen für das Wärmen won Stahl in technischen Öfen werden erörtert.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 22 (1971), S. 283-289 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Metallographic investigations into the structure of the scale after oxidation of iron between 700 and 900°C in CO/Co2 mixtures with minor additions of COS, H2S or SO2The results of metallographic investigations are in agreement with kinetic measurements published recently (Werkstoffe u. Korrosion 21 [1970] 925) and with analytical investigations of the scale. When because of the CO/CO2 ratio only a reaction with the sulfur compound is possible, pure sulfide layers are formed in gases containing COS and H. S. When, however, in addition to the reaction with the sulfur compound. A reaction with CO2 is feasible, an inti-mate mixture of FeO and FeS is formed according to a linear scaling law. When the scale is high in oxide, the FeS particles are embedded in linear shape in a FeO matrix. When the scale has medium contents of oxides and sulfides a perlitic structure is formed consisting of FeO and FeS lamellae in parallel arrangement, the location changing from one grain to the other. With the transition to a parabolic law, i.e. with the transition to rate controlling diffusion of iron ions and electrons through the scale layer, only thermodynamically stable FeS is formed.Under certain conditions needles, predominantly of pure FeS, grow out from the compact scale layer. These needles have diameters between 5 and 20 lm, and may attain lengths up to 600 pn. With the transition to the parabolic law they probably grow in thickness and finally form a coherent FeS layer.In CO/CO2 mixtures containing SO2 essentially the same structures are formed, in this context it must be noted, that SO2 may supply not only sulfur but also oxygen. This is why such FeO/FeS lamellae are formed in such gas mixtures where CO2, cannot supply oxygen. Higher SO2 and CO2, contents in the gas the FeO/FeS lamellae “degenerate” form a coarser mixture of sulfide and oxide.
    Notes: Die Ergebnisse der metallographischen Untersuchungen stehen im Einklang mit den kürzlich veröffentlichten (Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 [1970] 925) kinetischen Messungen und analytischen Untersuchungen des Zunders. Ist aufgrund des CO/C02-Verhältnisses nur eine Reaktion mit der Schwefelverbindung möglich, so entstehen in COS- und H2 Säurehaltigen Gasen reine Sulfidschichten. Ist dagegen neben der Reaktion mit der Schwefelverbindung auch eine Reaktion mit CO2 möglich, so entsteht bei linearem zeitlichem Verlauf der Verzunderung ein eigenes Gemenge von FeO und FeS. Bei hohem Oxidgehalt des Zunders ist FeS zeilenförmig in eine FeO-Matrix eingelagert. Mit mittleren Oxid- und Sulfidgehalten des Zunders entsteht eine perlitartige Struktur von parallel angeordneten FeO- und FeS- Lamellen, deren Lage sich von Korn zu Korn ändert. Mit dem Übergang zu geschwindigkeitsbestimmender Diffusion von Eisenionen und Elektronen durch die Zunderschicht, wird nur noch das thermodynamisch stabile FeS gebildet.Unter bestimmten Bedingungen wachsen aus der kompakten Zunderschicht Nadeln aus überwiegend reinem FeS. Diese Nadeln erreichen bei Durchmessern zwischen 5 und 20 um Längen bis 600 um. Mit dem Übergang zum parabolischen Zeitgesetz wachsen sie wahrscheinlich in die Breite und bilden schließlich eine geschlossene FeS-Schicht.In SO〈2〉,haltigen CO-CO2-Gemischen entstehen im wesentlichen die gleichen Strukturen, wobei zu beachten ist, daß SO2 neben Schwefel auch Sauerstoff abgeben kann. Dadurch entstehen auch FeO/FeS-Lamellen in solchen Gasgemischen, in denen C02 keinen Sauerstoff abgeben kann. Bei höheren SO2- und CO2,-Gehalten der Gase tritt mit dem Wachsen der Zunderschicht ein „Entarten“ der FeO/FeS-Lamellen zu einem gröberen Gemenge von Oxid und Sulfid ein.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 29 (1978), S. 456-460 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Bestimmung der momentanen Geschwindigkeit der atmosphärischen KorrosionEs wurde versucht, die Anwendbarkeit der Methode von Stern (Polarisationswiderstand) zur Ermittlung der momentanen atmosphärischen Korrosion zu bestimmen. Die bisher ausgeführten Untersuchungen zeigen gute Übereinstimmung zwischen den elektrochemisch ermittelten Daten über den Einfluß verschiedener Korrosionsfaktoren und der tatsächlichen Wirkung dieser Faktoren auf den Angriff von Metallen bei Bewitterung.
    Notes: An attempt has been made to determine the applicability of Stern's (or polarisation resistance) method for obtaining a reliable evaluation of the instantaneous rate of atmospheric corrosion.The tests carried out so far have revealed a good agreement between electrochemically obtained information on the influence of various corrosion factors and their real effect on the attack of metals when exposed to the atmosphere.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 29 (1978), S. 515-519 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Quantitative Messung der Korrosionsgeschwindigkeit von Bewehrungsstahl in Beton mit Hilfe der PolarisationswiderstandsmessungAlle bisherigen Methoden zur Bestimmung der Korrosionsgeschwindigkeit von Bewehrungsstahl in gehärtetem Beton waren destruktiv und erforderten beträchtlichen Zeit- und Materialaufwand, wodurch eine umfassende Untersuchung dieser Korrosionserscheinungen erklärt wurde. Bei Verwendung der Polarisationswiderstandsmethode wurde an in gehärtetem Beton eingebetteten Stangen, wobei die Proben in gesättigter Calciumhydroxidlösung gelagert wurden, eine annehmbare Übereinstimmung zwischen den gravimetrisch und elektrochemisch ermittelten Gewichtsverlusten gefunden.
    Notes: Up to this time all the methods to measure the corrosion rate of reinforcing steels embedded in hardened concrete have been of the destructive type, which requires much time and materials and makes the full scale study of the phenomenon difficult. The authors have applied the polarization resistance method to bars embedded in hardened mortar and immersed in Ca(OH)2-saturated solution, and have found an acceptable agreement between the gravimetric and the electrochemical weight loss data.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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