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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (4)
  • Cytoskeleton  (2)
  • Mitosis  (2)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Centrin ; Chilomastix cuspidata ; Cytoskeleton ; Protist ; Tubulin ; Retortamonad
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Immunochemical techniques were used to identify and localise centrin and α-tubulin inChilomastix cuspidata, an amitochondriate “excavate flagellate”. Immunoblotting showed that the molecular mass of centrin is 20 kDa and α-tubulin is 55 kDa. Immunofluorescence microscopy localises centrin to the basal-body region of the flagellar apparatus and in a centrin-containing root which runs along the groove towards the posterior of the cell. Confocal microscopy of cells double-labelled with anticentrin and antitubulin antibodies suggests that centrin is also associated with a group of microtubules called the hook band. Centrin labelling extends for two thirds of the length of the hook band, ending in a pill-like structure. In all we distinguish five major components of the centrin root. The distribution of these proteins is discussed in terms of the functions centrin and tubulin may play in this putatively primitive protist and its relatives.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Protoplasma 131 (1986), S. 118-130 
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: DNA inhibition ; Mitosis ; Microtubules ; Phycoplast ; Plant cytokinesis ; Wall deposition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary At concentrations that did not affect growth, hydroxyurea and 21-deoxyadenosine inhibited DNA synthesis inChlamydomonas. Evidence that initiation of mitosis is dependent upon completion of DNA replication was provided by the arrest of inhibited cells with undivided nuclei containing undispersed nucleoli. Initiation of cytokinesis is not dependent upon progress of nuclear division since, in arrested cells, cleavage microtubules became deployed in a phycoplast and a cleavage furrow developed fully, until obstructed by the undivided nucleus. Chloroplast constriction and division also continued independently of nuclear division. It is concluded that nuclear division, cytoplasmic cleavage and chloroplast division are in separate sequences of dependent events. This is supported by flexibility of their relative timing in successive divisions, since after the first commitment to divide nuclear division is followed by initiation of cleavage and then chloroplast division, whereas following subsequent commitments these events occur in reverse time order. This flexibility of order indicates changing rates of progress through separate sequences of events. Deposition of wall material was dependent upon the completion of cytokinesis, but this inhibition of wall deposition by incomplete cytokinesis did not extend to other daughters within the same mother cell. These observations are correlated with our earlier data concerning the rate-limiting control points for division and a model for the coordination of division events is presented. The relationships between different plant cell cycles is discussed in view of the findings presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Calmodulin ; Cell plate ; Centrin ; Confocal microscopy ; Immunochemistry ; Mitosis ; Plants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Centrin and calmodulin are members of the EF-hand calcium-binding superfamily of proteins. In this study we compared localisation and immunoblotting of centrin with calmodulin in several monocot (onion and wheat) and dicot (mung bean andArabidopsis) plants. We confirmed that an anti-calmodulin antibody recognised a 17 kDa protein in all species tested and localises to the cytoplasm, mitotic matrix and with microtubules of the preprophase band and phragmoplast. In contrast, immunoblotting using anti-centrin antibodies shows that plant centrins vary from 17 to 20 kDa. Immunofluorescence microscopy with anti-centrin antibodies revealed only weak centrin immunoreactivity in the cytoplasm, nucleus, nuclear envelope, phragmoplast and mitotic matrix in meristematic cells. There was a slightly more intense perinuclear labelling in large differentiating onion cells and between separating anaphase chromosomes. While centrin is known to localise to the mitotic spindle poles in animal and algal cells, there was no appreciable immunoreactivity at the spindle poles in higher plants. In contrast, there was an intense immunofluorescence signal with anti-centrin antibodies in the developing cell plate. Further characterisation of the cell plate labelling by immunogold electron microscopy shows centrin immunoreactivity was closely associated with vesicles in the cell plate. Our observations suggest that centrin may play a role in cell plate formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Algae ; Cytoskeleton ; Microtubules ; Microtubule organizing centres ; Mutation ; Temperature-sensitive
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have isolated a number of temperature conditional cell division cycle mutants of the unicellular plantChlamydomonas reinhardtii that are defective in single nuclear genes. Cells grow and divide normally at the permissive temperature (21 °C), but arrest in division at the restrictive temperature (33 °C). We have characterized these mutants using DNA probes and immunofluorescence techniques to localize cytoskeletal and microtubule organizing centre proteins. We describe here 3 broad classes of cell cycle mutation which result in cell cycle arrest with: unreplicated DNA (G1 arrest), duplicated DNA (G2 arrest) and multiple nuclei due to defective cytokinesis (cytokinesis arrest). The continuation of nuclear division in mutants blocked in cytokinesis provides support of an earlier hypothesis that stage specific events in theChlamydomonas cell cycle are arranged in separate dependent sequences. The mutants isolated in the present study provide insights into the role of cytoskeletal proteins in the coordination of plant cell division and the means to investigate the molecular mechanisms whereby division by multiple fission is controlled in the unicellular plantChlamydomonas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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