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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (8)
  • diabetic retinopathy  (7)
  • Diabetic microangiopathy  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for functional endothelial cell damage in early diabetic retinopathy (1981)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 20 (1981), S. 597-601 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetes mellitus ; diabetic retinopathy ; blood-retinal barrier ; von Willebrand factor ; factor-VIII-complex
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two aspects of endothelial cell function were examined in two matched groups of male insulin-dependent diabetics, six with background retinopathy and seven without retinopathy. Leakage of fluorescein from the retinal capillaries was estimated by vitreous fluorophotometry. In addition, factors VIII/von Willebrand (vWF) and VIII-related antigen (VIII-RAG), which are synthesized by the endothelial cells, were measured, together with VIII-antihaemophilic factor (VIII-AHF). The patients without retinopathy had normal leakage of fluorescein in the macula (mean ± SEM: 1.10±0.10 g × 10-8/ml) and the posterior vitreous (0.45±0.11 g × 10-8/ml), and normal circulating levels of vWF (123% of a normal reference plasma ± 18%), VIII-RAG (137±14%) and VIII-AHF (112±18%). In contrast, the patients with background retinopathy showed higher leakage of fluorescein in the macula (6.34±1.74 g ×10-8/ml; p〈0.01), and the posterior vitreous (3.09±0.94 g ×10-8/ml; p〈0.02), as well as increased levels of vWF (177±16%; p〈0.05). There was a trend towards increased VIII-RAG (195±24%; p〈0.1), but not VIII-AHF (126 ±13%). Alterations of endothelial cell function thus accompany the development of retinopathy. It cannot be said from the present study whether these alterations also precede the appearance of retinopathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00257426
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methodology for retinal photography and assessment of diabetic retinopathy: the EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 437-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin-dependent diabetes ; diabetic retinopathy ; retinal photography ; grading scheme
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We present the methodology for 45
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00410281
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methodology for retinal photography and assessment of diabetic retinopathy: the EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 437-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words Insulin-dependent diabetes ; diabetic retinopathy ; retinal photography ; grading scheme.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We present the methodology for 45° retinal photography and detail the development, application and validation of a new system of 45° field grading standards for the assessment of diabetic retinopathy. The systems were developed for the EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study, part of a European Community funded Concerted Action Programme into the epidemiology and prevention of diabetes (EURODIAB). Assessment of diabetic retinopathy was carried out centrally by a trained reader of colour retinal photographs using the newly-developed system. The system proved to be acceptably accurate, repeatable and relatively simple to apply. It compared well with the recognised ’gold standard' 7-field 30° stereo photography (assessed using a modified Airlie House classification scheme), against which the new system was validated in a series of 48 eyes. Selection was as a stratified random sample based on clinical retinopathy status: 5, no retinopathy; 25, non-proliferative retinopathy; 16, proliferative or photocoagulated; plus 2, eyes with potentially confounding lesions (vein occlusion). Simple presence of retinal lesions was correctly detected by both systems in 43 of the 48 eyes, giving 100 % agreement on detection. Both systems correctly identified the two known cases of confounding vein occlusion. In eyes with diabetic retinopathy (n = 41), when severity was expressed in three groups: mild background, moderate/severe background and proliferative/photocoagulated, at least one grader (out of five) using the new system matched the verified results in 38 out of 41 (93 %) eyes and three or more graders matched in 31 (76 %) eyes. Individually the five graders' 2-field allocations agreed well with the verified levels (median number of agreements 37, range 28–43). Repeatability was assessed by measures of within and between observer variation using randomly selected samples of 10 % (n = 252 eyes) and 5 % (n = 123 eyes) of the main study, respectively, expressed as a resultant kappa value for chance-corrected proportional agreement. Within observer assessment yielded a kappa of 0.85 and between observers a value of 0.83; indicating very good agreement for both measures. The method is particularly useful for large epidemiological studies, in which participating centres have a limited experience in retinal photography. [Diabetologia (1995) 38: 437–444]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00410281
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Toxic action of advanced glycation end products on cultured retinal capillary pericytes and endothelial cells: relevance to diabetic retinopathy (1997)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 40 (1997), S. 156-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Advanced glycation end products ; diabetic retinopathy ; pericyte ; endothelial cell ; AGE-receptor.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The toxic effects of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) on bovine retinal capillary pericytes (BRP) and endothelial cells (BREC) were studied. AGE-modified bovine serum albumin (AGE-BSA) was toxic to BRP. At a concentration of 500 μg/ml it reduced the BRP number to 48 ± 3 % (p 〈 0.05) of untreated controls, as determined by cell counting with haemocytometer. AGE-BSA was also toxic to bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) reducing cell number to 84 ± 3.1 % of untreated controls. Under similar conditions, low concentrations (62.5 μg/ml) of AGE-BSA were mitogenic to BREC increasing the cell proliferation to 156 ± 11 % (p 〈 0.05) above that of untreated controls. At a higher dose of 500 μg/ml AGE-BSA decreased the proliferation of BREC to 85 ± 6 % of untreated controls. Immunoblot analysis demonstrated that BRP and BREC express the p60 AGE-receptor. Retinal capillary bed from the human also stained positively for the p60 AGE-receptor. Addition of 0.25 μg/ml of p60 AGE-receptor antibody was able to block the effects of AGE-BSA on BRP and BREC. The level of binding of [125I]-labelled AGE-BSA to the cell surface was small but significant among the three cell types. There was also an increase in the internalized pool of radioligand in BRP and BREC but this was very much lower than in BAEC. In all the cell types the internalized pool of [125I]-labelled AGE-BSA was much larger than the amount associated with the cell surface. Degradation products were not detected in the media over the 24-h incubation of the cells with [125I]AGE-BSA. The binding of [125I]-labelled AGE-BSA to the cell surface was prevented by the addition of p60 AGE-receptor. These results suggest that the interaction of AGE-modified proteins with the membrane-bound AGE-receptor may play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. [Diabetologia (1997) 40: 156–164]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250050657
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Platelet shape change abnormalities in diabetic retinopathy (1980)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 18 (1980), S. 217-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetes ; diabetic retinopathy ; platelets ; platelet aggregation ; platelet shape change
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In vitro platelet aggregation has been studied in 29 normal subjects and 35 diabetic patients with retinopathy by conventional aggregating agents and by a new technique which evaluates the platelet shape change. — Platelet shape change, expressed as % light transmission variation induced by the addition of ADP (10 μmol/l) in calcium-deprived platelet rich plasma, was determined. Significant differences were found between the controls (12.6±0.7%) and the 35 diabetics (15.6±1.0%, p 〈0.02) and between controls and the subgroup of patients with proliferative retinopathy (17.3±1.1%, n=15, p〈0.001). Platelet aggregation induced by ADP, collagen and ristocetin did not show significant differences between normal and diabetic subjects. — The shape change is the physiological early phase of platelet aggregation and is related to energy requiring mechanisms. As yet unexplored metabolic abnormalities at this stage could account for previously described platelet abnormalities in diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00251919
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Raised serum apolipoprotein (a) in active diabetic retinopathy (1993)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 36 (1993), S. 88-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Lipoprotein (a) ; Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus ; diabetic retinopathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Progressive capillary occlusion often leads to severe retinopathy within 15–20 years of the onset of Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Lipoprotein (a), a complex formed by apolipoprotein (a), apo B-100 and lipids, is considered an independent, genetically determined, predictor of cardiovascular disease. It may have antifibrinolytic properties in view of its similarity to plasminogen. To test the hypothesis that circulating lipoprotein (a) is associated with the process that leads to clinically active diabetic retinopathy, we measured the circulating levels of apolipoprotein (a) (which are strictly correlated with those of lipoprotein (a)) in two groups of patients with Type 1 diabetes of at least 15 years duration: 25 with active retinopathy and 27 without clinically detectable retinal lesions. Thirty-eight healthy subjects of the same age and sex served as controls. Serum apolipoprotein (a) was higher in the patients with active retinopathy (36(2-193) U/dl, geometric mean and range) than in those without clinically detectable retinal lesion (17(1–160)) and the control subjects (14(0–115)), p 〈 0.01 in both cases. The distribution of apolipoprotein (a) levels was skewed to the left, as expected, in the patients without clinically evident retinal lesions and the control groups, but there was a bimodal trend of distribution among those with active retinopathy. The levels of glycated haemoglobin were similar in the two groups of diabetic patients, and no significant differences were found for total and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides or apolipoproteins A1 and B between them and the control subjects. These preliminary results suggest that serum apolipoprotein (a) is elevated in patients with active retinopathy. The role of this lipoprotein as a predictor or a pathogenic effector of diabetic retinopathy, or both deserves further investigation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00399100
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of platelet-relevant parameters in patients with diabetic microangiopathy (1983)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 25 (1983), S. 21-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetic microangiopathy ; platelet aggregation ; platelet adhesiveness ; platelet function ; β-globulins ; blood coagulation factors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 16 diabetic patients with microangiopathy, survival of 111In-labelled autologous platelets, mean platelet volume, megathrombocyte index, spontaneous and ADP-induced platelet aggregation, platelet retention, β-thromboglobulin, von Willebrand factor and factor VIII-related antigen were measured; the splenic uptake of radioactive label was quantitated in six patients. Compared with normal subjects, increased platelet aggregation (p〈0.01), von Willebrand factor (p〈0.02) and factor VIII-related antigen (p〈0.02) were observed. Platelet survival was shortened in two patients. It correlated inversely with the splenic radioactivity uptake (r=-0.95; p〈0.01), suggesting that platelets ended their life in the spleen, not in the microcirculation. No significant relationships were found between the various tests performed, nor between these and the severity of microangiopathy or other clinical data. In spite of the evidence for altered platelet function in patients with diabetic microangiopathy, currently available tests are not specific enough to clarify the nature of these changes or their possible pathogenic significance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00251891
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photocoagulation for optic disc new vessels in diabetes mellitus (1981)
    Springer
    International ophthalmology 3 (1981), S. 79-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2630
    Keywords: diabetic retinopathy ; light coagulation ; optic disc new vessels
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of treatment by argon laser and xenon arc photocoagulation in 165 diabetic patients with optic disc new vessel formation have been studied retrospectively. Visual acuity and degree of new vessel formation have been assessed over a period of between six months and seven years of follow-up (mean 23 months). Visual acuity improved in 36% of treated eyes and remained unchanged in 34%. Improvement was most marked in those with initially poor acuity (less than 6/36). There was no association between improvement in visual acuity and regression of disc vessels, the latter occurring in 79% of treated eyes. Only 6% of eyes became blind during the period of follow-up, principally as a result of vitreous haemorrhage and retinal detachment. There was no difference between the results produced by the use of separate or combined argon laser and xenon arc photocoagulation on the regression of disc new vessels. However, our results suggest that argon laser treatment was more effective than xenon arc photocoagulation in improving visual acuity. These findings suggest that either form of treatment or a combination offers considerable benefit in the management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy, even when very severe at presentation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00133418
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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