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  • Key words:Cutting and packing – Nesting – Constructive heuristics  (1)
  • Theobroma cacao  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    OR spectrum 22 (2000), S. 263-284 
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Keywords: Key words:Cutting and packing – Nesting – Constructive heuristics ; Schlüsselwörter: Zweidimensionales Zuschneideproblem – Nesting-Problem – Unregelmässige Objekte – Heuristiken – Konstruktionsverfahren
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. In dem vorliegenden Beitrag entwickeln die Autoren ein neues Konstruktionsverfahren für das „Nesting-Problem”, d.h. für ein zweidimensionales Zuschneideproblem mit unregelmäßigen Objekten. Das Schnittmuster wird dadurch gebildet, dass sukzessive zuzuschneidende Objekte (Teile) einer Teillösung angegliedert und damit neue Teillösungen gebildet werden. Verschiedene Kriterien zur Auswahl des jeweils anzuordnenden Teils und seiner Orientierung werden vorgestellt. Außerdem werden verschiedene Zielfunktionen zur Bewertung der Teillösungen herangezogen. Insgesamt ergeben sich so 126 Varianten des Konstruktionsverfahrens, die systematisch anhand von Datensätzen aus der Literatur getestet werden. Für einige Testprobleme stellt das neue Verfahren Lösungen bereit, die besser sind als die besten bisher in der Literatur beschriebenen Lösungen.
    Notes: Abstract. In this paper we present a new constructive algorithm for nesting problems. The layout is built by successively adding a new piece to a partial solution, i.e. to the set of pieces previously nested. Several criteria to choose the next piece to place and its orientation are proposed and tested. Different objective functions are also proposed to evaluate and compare partial solutions. A total of 126 variants of the algorithm, generated by the complete set of combinations of criteria and objective functions, are computationally tested. The computational experiments are based on data sets published in the literature or provided by other authors. In some cases this new algorithm generates better solutions than the best known (published) solutions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant and soil 103 (1987), S. 3-11 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: cacao ; growth ; temperature ; Theobroma cacao ; water relations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Growth of 55-day-oldTheobroma cacao var.Comum seedlings varied with temperature regimes, various plant parts, growth parameters, and time of harvesting. Over a 60-day period the optimal day-temperature regimes were near 33.3°C for dry weight increase and relative growth rates of seedlings and leaves; 30.5°C for increase in leaf area, height growth, and leaf abscission; 22.2°C for dry weight increase of stems or roots, stem diameter growth, and root-shoot ratio. The rates of increase in dry weights of stems or roots as well as root-shoot ratios declined progressively at temperatures above 22.2°C Partitioning of dry matter was affected by temperature regime, with proportionally more photosynthate retained by shoots and less translocated to roots at high temperatures. The progressive decrease in the root-shoot ratio at temperatures above 22.2°C may decrease drought tolerance of seedlings because roots will be less capable of absorbing endugh water to replace transpirational losses. This was shown by more negative shoot water potentials at high temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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