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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (12)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (9)
  • multivariate analysis  (3)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: Key Words: univariate analysis ; multivariate analysis ; lymph node dissection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: univariate analysis ; multivariate analysis ; lymph node dissection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Differentiated thyroid cancer grows slowly in general. But some patients repeat recurrence and progress finally to death. To clarify the difference of their prognosis and establish the appropriate thyroid surgery, we studied 105 patients with differentiated thyroid cancer who were treated with total or subtotal thyroidectomy, excluding those with small tumors, under uniform conditions regarding thyroidectomy. There were 77 women and 28 men aged 19 to 76 years (mean 54.7 years). More than 60% (alive) were followed up for longer than 10 years. Thirty-eight (36%) patients had recurrences. There were 19 deaths. Twelve of 31 patients with locoregional recurrence died and 7 of these 12 died of locoregional control failure (neck and mediastinum). Age at first operation, tumor size, and local tumor extension increased the rate of recurrence significantly. Multivariate analysis confirmed that age, locoregional recurrence, and distant metastasis significantly affected survival. Although lymph node metastases were not a prognostic factor, for patients at high risk for recurrence who are older, and have large tumors with invasion, complete resection of cervical lymph nodes is advised to prevent local recurrence and prolong the disease-free interval. Prolongation of the disease-free interval may lead to prolonged survival time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: liver failure ; hepatectomy ; hepatitis ; hepatocellular carcinoma ; multivariate analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The histologic activity of associated hepatitis was examined in 285 patients who underwent hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), to determine if the histologic activity is an independent risk factor for postoperative mortality due to liver failure. The proportion of patients with liver cirrhosis who died due to liver failure (6/180, 3.3%) was not different from that of patients with chronic hepatitis (2/68, 2.9%). However, mortality was higher in patients with liver cirrhosis and active hepatitis (4/46, 8.7%) than in those with cirrhosis and inactive hepatitis (2/134, 1.5%, P 〈 0.05). Such difference was not observed in the chronic hepatitis group. Multivariate analysis showed that clearance of indocyanine green at 15 min (ICGR15) and activity of hepatitis were two independent risk factors for postoperative mortality due to liver failure. In conclusion, histologic activity of associated hepatitis should be taken into account in hepatic resection of HCC in cirrhotic liver, in addition to the functional reserve of the liver.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: platelets ; morphological change ; [Ca2+]i ; confocal laser scanning microscopy ; surface contact activation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The dynamic change of cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and morphological change were investigated simultaneously by confocal laser scanning microscopy using fluo-3 and by differential interference contrast optics in platelets activated by contact with the following types of surfaces: native glass and glass treated with poly-L-lysine (PLL), fibrinogen (Fg), or von Willebrand factor (vWF). The initial [Ca2+]i values just after the surface contact were comparable (approximately 100 nM) among platelets deposited on the four surface types. On the PLL-surface, no morphological change or [Ca2+]i elevation was observed. Glass-, Fg-, and vWF-surface adhered platelets showed pseudopod formation and spreading associated with the inhomogeneous [Ca2+]i rise. The platelets on the Fg-surface were the most active in terms of [Ca2+]i rise and morphological change. During pseudopod formation, the mean [Ca2+]i value was maximal and localized high [Ca2+]i zones were observed inside pseudopods, as well as in the center of the platelets. After spreading, high [Ca2+]i zones still remained in the center of the cell. This new technique enabled simultaneous observation of [Ca2+]i and cell shape and we clearly demonstrated a close relationship between [Ca2+]i and morphological alterations. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 66 (1997), S. 54-64 
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: calpain activation ; platelet ; proteolysis of talin ; shear stress ; shear-induced platelet aggregation (SIPA) ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Fluid shear stress has been known to activate platelet reaction such as aggregation, but the exact mechanism of shear-induced platelet aggregation (SIPA) has not been fully understood. Calpain, an intracellular calcium-activated cysteine protease, is abundant in platelets and is considered to be activated and involved in the proteolytic processes during platelet activation. A possible activation of calpain in SIPA was investigated, employing a newly developed aggregometer and specific monoclonal antibodies to detect activation of calpain. When a shear stress gradient varying between 6 and 108 dyn/cm2 was applied to platelets, activation of μ-calpain was observed only in high-shear-stressed platelets, resulting in the proteolysis of talin. At 1 min after the onset of constant high shear stress of 108 dyn/cm2, μ-calpain activation and proteolysis of talin were detected and increased in a time-dependent manner. Constant shear stress more than 50 dyn/cm2, applied for 5 min, caused μ-calpain activation and proteolysis of talin, which were increased in a shear-force-dependent manner. Calpeptin, a calpain-specific peptide antagonist, caused the complete inhibition of both μ-calpain activation and proteolysis of talin, while SIPA profiles with calpeptin showed almost no change compared to those without calpeptin. These results suggest the possibility of calpain involvement in late phases of shear-induced platelet activation such as cytoskeletal reorganization. J. Cell. Biochem. 66:54-64, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 63 (1996), S. 432-441 
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: shear stress ; actin polymerization ; LFA-1 ; ICAM-3 ; homotypic aggregation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: We have previously reported that a physiological range of shear stress induces neutrophil homotypic aggregation mediated by lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-3 (ICAM-3) interactions. To further characterize the homotypic aggregation, actin polymerization was investigated in neutrophils stimulated by shear stress in comparison with formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP). In fMLP-stimulated neutrophils, actin polymerization was localized in the pseudopods, and this reaction was not mediated by a cytosolic level of Ca2+. In contrast to fMLP stimulation, the actin polymerization induced by shear stress in a cone-plate viscometer was localized in cell-cell contact regions, and this polymerization required the increase of intracellular Ca2+. This shear stress-induced actin polymerization was not observed when neutrophils were pretreated with anti-LFA-1 or anti-ICAM-3 antibody. In conclusion, LFA-1 and ICAM-3 interaction mediated by the increase of [Ca2+]i generated the intercellular signal in order to accumulate F-actin in the cell-cell contact regions. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: [Ca2+]i and [Ca2+]n ; Ca2+ gradients ; confocal laser scanning microscopy ; Fluo-3 ; heterogeneity ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Ca2+ concentration inside human umbilical vein endothelial cells was studied separately in cytosol and nucleus by a confocal laser scanning microscopy using fluo-3. The in vivo calibration curve for cytosol and nucleus showed good linearity between fluorescence intensity and Ca2+ concentration in cytosol ([Ca2+]i) and nuclei ([Ca2+]n). After calibration, [Ca2+]n was constantly higher than [Ca2+]i before and after the chelation of extracellular Ca2+ suggesting an active Ca2+ accumulation system on nuclear membrane. [Ca2+]n was also constantly higher than [Ca2+]i after the stimulation of thrombin (0.05 U/ml), FCS (10%), and thapsigargin (Tsg, 1μM). The temporal change of [Ca2+]n and [Ca2+]i was identical, and [Ca2+]i gradient towards the nucleus and peripheral or central [Ca2+]n rise was observed after these stimulations. From these results, [Ca2+]n is not only regulated by the active Ca2+ accumulation system on nuclear membrane at rest but also the generation of Inositol-triphosphate. FCS caused heterogeneous [Ca2+]n or [Ca2+]i rise from cell to cell; single spike or oscillatory change of [Ca2+]n and [Ca2+]i was observed in about 56% of cells, which were completely abolished by the chelation of extracellular Ca2+, suggesting that FCS stimulated [Ca2+]n and [Ca2+]i rise solely depending on Ca2+ influx from extracellular medium. The higher concentration of [Ca2+]n and heterogeneous [Ca2+]n rise may have important roles in nuclear-specific cellular responses. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: calcyculin A ; protein phosphatase ; cytoskeleton ; endothelial cell ; immunocytochemsitry ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of cytoskeletal proteins regulate the shape of eukaryotic cells. To elucidate the role of serine/threonine protein phosphatases (PP) in this process, we studied the effect of calyculin A (CLA), a potent and specific inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 (PP-1) and 2A (PP-2A) on the cytoskeletal structure of cultured human umbilical vien endothelial cells (HUVECs). The addition of CLA (5 min) caused marked alterations in cell morphology, such as cell constriction and bleb formation. Microtubules and F-actin were reorganized, becoming markedly condensed around the nucleus. Although the fluorescence intensity of phosphoamino acids was not significantly different to immunocytochemistry between cells with and without CLA, polypeptides of 135, 140, 158, and 175 kDa were specifically phosphorylated on serine and/or threonine residues. There was no significant effect on tyrosine residues. The effects of CLA on cytoskeletal changes and protein phosphorylation were almost completely inhibited by the non-selective kinase inhibitor, K-252a. The effect of CLA on cell morphology was at least 100 times more potent than that of okadaic acid, consistent with the inhibitory potency against PP-1. The catalytic subunit of PP-1 was also identified in HUVECs by Western blotting with its monoclonal antibody. These results suggest that PP-1 is closely involved in sustaining the normal structure of the cytoskeleton. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: fluid shear stress ; adrenomedullin ; endothelial cell ; SSRE ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Vascular endothelial cells are potent modulators of vascular tone in response to shear stress. Levels of vasoactive peptides such as adrenomedullin (AM), endothelin-1 (ET-1), C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), and nitric oxide (NO) are affected by fluid shear stress. AM, a potent vasodilator and suppressor of smooth muscle cell proliferation, contains the shear stress responsive element (SSRE) “GAGACC” in its promoter region. To examine the role of AM in the shear stress response, cultured human aortic endothelial cells (HAoECs) were exposed to fluid shear stresses of 12 and 24 dynes/cm2 in a cone-plate shear stress loading apparatus for various time periods, and the levels of AM gene expression and peptide secretion from HAoECs were measured by Northern blotting analysis and radioimmunoassay (RIA), respectively. Both AM gene transcription and AM peptide levels were down-regulated by fluid shear stress in a time- and magnitude-dependent manner. Our results demonstrate that the normal level of arterial shear stress down-regulates AM expression in HAoECs, suggesting that AM participates in the modulation of vascular tone by fluid shear stress. J. Cell. Biochem. 71:109-115, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 60 (1996), S. 550-559 
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: shear stress ; homotypic aggregation ; LFA-1 ; ICAM-3 ; NiCl2 sensitive Ca2+ channel ; Ca2+ influx ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: We found that human neutrophils undergo homotypic aggregation by loading the physiological range of fluid shear stress (12-30 dynes/cm2). Under the fluid shear stress, an increase of intracellular Ca2+ concentration of neutrophils was observed. This increase of intracellular Ca2+ concentration was caused by Ca2+ influx, and the blockage of the flux by NiCl2 suppressed the neutrophil homotypic aggregation. Furthermore, this neutrophil aggregation under fluid shear stress was completely inhibited by pretreatment with antibody against LFA-1 or ICAM-3. These results suggested that NiCl2-sensitive Ca2+ channel played an important role in LFA-1/ICAM-3-mediated neutrophil homotypic aggregation under fluid shear stress. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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