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  • Artikel: DFG Deutsche Nationallizenzen  (11)
  • defensive secretion  (6)
  • bioassay  (4)
  • Meloidae  (2)
  • pyrrolizidine alkaloid  (2)
Datenquelle
  • Artikel: DFG Deutsche Nationallizenzen  (11)
Materialart
Erscheinungszeitraum
Schlagwörter
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Systemic retention of ingested cantharidin by frogs (1990)
    Springer
    Chemoecology 1 (1990), S. 57-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1423-0445
    Schlagwort(e): toxin sequestration ; predation ; human dietary hazard ; cantharidin ; Coleoptera ; Meloidae ; Epicauta vittata ; Rana ; Hirudo ; Nerodia
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Frogs(Rana pipiens) fed on blister beetles (Meloidae) or cantharidin, retain cantharidin systemically. After cessation of feeding, they void the compound relatively quickly. Systemic cantharidin does not protect frogs against ectoparasitic feeding by leeches(Hirudo medicinalis) or predation by snakes(Nerodia sipedon). As suggested by our data, and from reports in the early literature, ingestion of cantharidin-containing frogs can pose a health threat to humans.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01325229
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chemical defense of a primitive Australian bombardier beetle (Carabidae):Mystropomus regularis (1991)
    Springer
    Chemoecology 2 (1991), S. 29-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 1423-0445
    Schlagwort(e): defensive secretion ; hot secretion ; elytral flanges ; evolution ; benzoquinones ; hydrocarbons ; bombardier beetle ; Coleoptera ; Carabidae ; Paussinae
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The Australian bombardier beetle,Mystropomus regularis, sprays a mixture of quinones (1,4-benzoquinone, 2-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone, 2-ethyl-1,4-benzoquinone) and hydrocarbons (principallyn-pentadecane). The defensive fluid ist generated explosively in two-chambered glands, and is ejected audibly and hot (maximal recorded temperature = 59°C).Mystropomus is a member of the paussoid lineage of bombardiers. In common with other members of the group, it has a pair of elytral flanges (flanges of Coanda), associated with the gland openings, that serve as launching guides for anteriorly-aimed ejections of spray. It is argued thatMystropomus may be the least derived of flanged paussoids, and the closest living relative of the most primitive of extant bombardiers (Metriini).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01240663
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Mushroom chemical defense (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 9 (1983), S. 1439-1447 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Tricholomataceae ; Lentinellus ursinus ; sesquiterpene ; antifeedant ; bioassay ; isovelleral ; mushrooms ; opossum ; Didelphis virginiana ; pungency ; dialdehyde
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract A new bioassay employing a natural fungivore, the opossumDidelphis virginiana, is described. Using this bioasssay, eighteen species of fungi were tested for palatability. Five species of mushrooms, all of which taste pungent to humans, were found to be unpalatable to the opossum. From the least palatable of these,Lentinellus ursinus, the pungent principle was isolated and identified as isovelleral, a previously described fungal metabolite. The compound was shown to be a potent antifeedant to opossums. By means of difference NOE and relaxation time NMR studies, the relative configuration and solution conformation of isovelleral were deduced.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00990749
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Necrodols: Anti-insectan terpenes from defensive secretion of carrion beetle (Necrodes surinamensis) (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 12 (1986), S. 1407-1415 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Coleoptera ; Silphidae ; Necrodes surinamensis ; carrion beetle ; monoterpenes ; iridoids ; necrodols ; defensive secretion ; insect repellent ; insect irritant ; bioassay
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Two compounds recently isolated from the defensive gland ofNecrodes surinamensis, α-and β-necrodol, first representatives of a new category of monoterpenes (the necrodanes), are shown to be repellent to ants and other insects and irritating to cockroaches and flies. The compounds doubtless play a defensive role inNecrodes. The possible long-range applied significance of research on insect repellents is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01012360
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chemical basis of egg cannibalism in a caterpillar (Utetheisa ornatrix) (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 17 (1991), S. 2063-2075 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Utetheisa ornatrix ; Lepidoptera ; Arctiidae ; pyrrolizidine alkaloid ; egg cannibalism ; acquired defense ; phagostimulant ; specific hunger
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Larvae of the mothUtetheisa ornatrix are shown to cannibalize eggs in the laboratory. They proved most cannibalistic if they were systemically deficient in pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA), the defensive agent that protectsUtetheisa at all stages of development against predation, and whichUtetheisa acquire as larvae from their food plant. In exercising cannibalistic choice,Utetheisa larvae feed preferentially on eggs that are PA-Iaden rather than PA-free. Egg cannibalism can therefore provideUtetheisa with a supplemental means of PA procurement. Moreover, presence of PA in the egg, while providing the egg with defense against predation, can increase its vulnerability to cannibalism. Although evidence is presented thatUtetheisa larvae cannibalize eggs in nature, it is argued that such feeding may occur only opportunistically in the wild, rather than as a matter of course.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00987992
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Antifeedant action ofZ-dihydromatricaria acid from soldier beetles (Chauliognathus spp.) (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 7 (1981), S. 1149-1158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Dihydromatricaria acid ; antifeedant ; acetylenic acid ; Chauliognathus pennsylvanicus ; Coleoptera ; Cantharidae ; soldier beetles ; Phidippus ; jumping spider ; bioassay ; defensive secretion ; defensive behavior
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract The acetylenic acid,Z-dihydromatricaria acid (DHMA), previously isolated from the defensive secretion ofChauliognathus lecontei, and now shown to occur also inC. pennsylvanicus, is a potent feeding deterrent to jumping spiders (Phidippus spp.). A simple bioassay withPhidippus is described, which is generally applicable to studies dealing with the isolation and evaluation of feeding deterrency of natural products from insects. By use of this assay,Phidippus were shown to be sensitive to as little as 1 μg DHMA, an amount equivalent to less than 2% of the DHMA content ofC. pennsylvanicus.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00987634
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Benzoyl cyanide and mandelonitrile in the cyanogenetic secretion of a centipede (1976)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 2 (1976), S. 421-429 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): cyanogenesis ; benzoyl cyanide ; mandelonitrile ; defensive secretion ; geophilomorph centipede
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Centipedes of the order Geophilomorpha produce a viscid odorous secretion that is effectively defensive against ants (Formica exsectoides). The secretion is proteinaceous and cyanogenetic. InGeophilus vittatus, the secretion contains two cyanogenetic compounds, mandelonitrile (I) and benzoyl cyanide (II), as well as two products derived from these compounds as a result of hydrogen cyanide production [benzaldehyde (III) and benzoic acid (IV)]. Benzoyl cyanide has not been reported previously from any natural source.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00988807
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chemical defense of a rove beetle (Creophilus maxillosus) (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 9 (1983), S. 159-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Coleoptera ; Staphylinidae ; Creophilus maxillosus ; defensive secretion ; ant repellent ; bioassay ; isoamyl acetate ; isoamyl alcohol ; iridodial ; actinidine ; dihydronepetalactone ; (E)-8-oxocitronellyl acetate
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract The abdominal defensive glands ofC. maxillosus secrete a mixture (70μg/beetle) of isoamyl alcohol (I), isoamyl acetate (II), iridodial (III), actinidine (IV), dihydronepetalactone (VE), and (E)-8-oxocitronellyl acetate (X). When disturbed, the beetle everts the glands and revolves the abdomen so as to wipe the glands against the offending agent. Fecal fluid is commonly emitted at the same time and may become added to the glandular material. Ants (Formica exsectoides) are effectively fended off by the beetle and were shown in bioassays (Monomorium destructor) to be repelled by the four major components of the secretion (II, III, X, VE); the principal component (VE) was the most active. Some anatomical features of the glands are described.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00987779
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Parentally provided alkaloid does not protect eggs ofUtetheisa ornatrix (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) against entomopathogenic fungi (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 17 (1991), S. 687-693 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Entomopathogenic fungi ; insect egg ; Utetheisa ornatrix ; Lepidoptera ; Arctiidae ; chemical defense ; pyrrolizidine alkaloid ; monocrotaline ; parental investment
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Eggs ofUtetheisa ornatrix proved equally vulnerable to fungal infection (Beauveria bassiana, Paecilomyces lilacinus) whether they contained parentally provided pyrrolizidine alkaloid (monocrotaline) or were free of such alkaloid. In in vitro tests, monocrotaline, either as free base or N-oxide, had no inhibiting effect on fungal cultures.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00994192
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Defensive secretion of two notodontid caterpillars (Schizura unicornis, S. badia) (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 19 (1993), S. 2089-2104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Lepidoptera ; Notodontidae ; Schizura ; defensive secretion ; formic acid ; 2-tridecanone ; (5)-2-tridecanol ; 2-tridecyl formate ; 2-pentadecanone
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract The cervical gland secretion of larvae ofSchizura unicornis andS. badia (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) contains formic acid, acetic acid, and a mixture of lipophilic compounds, including 2-alkanones, 2-alkanols, and formates of the alkanols. InS. unicornis, the secretion also contains severalω-monounsaturated analogs of the alcohols, ketones, and formates. The absolute configuration of two of the alcohols (2-tridecanol and 2-pentadecanol) was established asS in both species. The larvae spray their secretion when physically disturbed, aiming it accurately in the direction of the offending agent.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00979649
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