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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (11)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (11)
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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (11)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fire-retardant polyesters based upon 2,3-dicarboxy-5,8-endomethylene-5,6,7,8,9,9-hexachloro-1,2,3,4,4a,5,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene anhydride (1964)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 8 (1964), S. 363-383 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The Diels-Alder adduct of cis-4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic anhydride (II) with hexachlorocyclopentadiene, 2,3-dicarboxy-5,8-endomethylene-5,6,7,8,9,9-hexachloro-1,-2,3,4,4a,5,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene anhydride (compound III), has been incorporated as the fire-retardant component in polyester compositions. The structure of compound III possesses inherent properties which are exhibited as improved thermal and light stability in the derived polyesters; these improvements are based upon comparisons with polyesters prepared from the chlorendic anhydride, the fire-retardant moiety in some commercial self-extinguishing polyesters.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1964.070080123
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis, photodegradation, and energy transfer in a series of poly(ethylene terephthalate-co-2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate) copolymers (1979)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 24 (1979), S. 1809-1830 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Triplet-triplet energy transfer has been shown to occur from poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) units to the 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate (2,6-ND) monomer units in a series of poly(ethylene terephthalate-co-2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate) (PET-2,6-ND) copolymers, as filament yarns, by an exchange mechanism at 77°K. The radius of the “quenching sphere” has been calculated to be 19.7 Å, indicating the presence of triplet energy migration. Photostabilization was observed in the copolymer yarns with the concentration of the monomer dimethyl 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate (2,6-DMN) at or above 2 mol %; the rate of phototendering in an air atmosphere was shown to decrease from 2.0 × 10-19% breaking strength loss/quantum absorbed/cm2 in the homopolymer PET to 0.7 × 10-19% breaking strength loss/quantum absorbed/cm2 in the copolymer yarns. The photophysical processes in the monomers, dimethyl terephthalate and 2,6-DMN, were examined by absorption and luminescence studies. The lowest excited singlet and triplet in both monomers were identified to be the 1(π, π*) and 3(π, π*) states, respectively. The phosphorescence of PET was shown to originate from a 3(π, π*) state, while the complex fluorescence spectrum may arise from some oriented aggregates in the polymer matrix. In copolymer yarns, only the fluorescence emission from the 2,6-ND monomer units at 380 nm was observed. The phosphorescence spectra of the copolymer yarns showed phosphorescence emissions from the PET and 2,6-ND monomer units; in addition, delayed fluorescence from the 2,6-ND monomer was also observed.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1979.070240804
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energetics of some bromine-containing aromatic fire retardants from luminescence propertiesThis note was extracted, in part, from a thesis submitted by T. E. Davidson to Clemson University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Textile Chemistry, August 1979. (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 2439-2444 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1980.070251031
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vinylbenzyl ethers of cellulose. Preparation and polymerizationPresented at the 165th National ACS Meeting, Dallas, Texas, a portion of a thesis submitted by H. S. Koenig to Clemson University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science, August 1972. (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 18 (1974), S. 651-666 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Grafting of chain-growth polymerizable monomers onto cellulose has been a thoroughly investigated area. Introduction of polymerizable monomeric species chemically bound to cellulose has been less fruitful. Crotonate esters, methacrylate esters, and allyl and vinyl derivatives are examples where subsequent polymerization to crosslinked species has been described. Reported are the reactions of vinylbenzyl chloride with causticized cotton fabric to give a series of vinylbenzylated celluloses with degrees of substitution from 0.05 to 0.26. Homopolymerization of these or copolymerization with maleic anhydride or dimethyl maleate gave little or no crosslinking under the conditions employed. Vinylbenzyl cellulose acetate proved to be a polymerizable “prepolymer” with diethyl maleate.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1974.070180302
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photophysical processes and interactions between poly(ethylene terephthalate) and 1-amino-2-(2-methoxyethoxy)-4-hydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 21 (1977), S. 2745-2768 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effect of 1-amino-2-(2-methoxyethoxy)-4-hydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone (C. I. Disperse Red 59) on the phototendering of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) was assessed. The photophysical processes occurring in the polymer, the dye, and the dyed polymer were determined. The energy and nature of the dye and polymer electronic excited states were assigned on the basis of absorption and luminescence properties. Irradiation failed to produce dye-sensitized phototendering of PET; however, the titanium dioxide delusterant in commercial PET did function as a sensitizer in the presence of moist air. The phototendering of blank-dyed PET yarn was found to obey (pseudo-) zero-order kinetics k = 1.69 × 10-19 per cent breaking strength loss/quantum absorbed/cm2. The dye exhibited fluorescence from a lowest, ∼51.5 kcal/mole, singlet charge-transfer (C-T) excited state but did not phosphoresce. The PET possessed a complex fluorescence spectrum attributed to similar 1(n,π*)1 excited states, ∼78.1 kcal/mole, while its phosphorescence derives from a proposed 3(π,π*) state, ∼69.8 kcal/mole, populated by intersystem crossing from a 1(π,π*) state, ∼92.3 kcal/mole. The dyed polymer exhibited a PET-sensitized delayed fluorescence from the dyestuff involving triplet-singlet transfer by a dipole-dipole (Coulumbic) long-range resonance excitation mechanism. The transfer process was characterized by an experimentally determined critical transfer distance, R0, of approximately 40 Å.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1977.070211015
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of and photodegradation in a series of poly(ethylene terephthalate)-co-4,4′-sulfonyldibenzoate yarns (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 701-712 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Phototendering studies of poly(ethylene terephthalate) homopolymer yarn and a series of poly(ethylene terephthalate-co-4, 4′-sulfonyldibenzoate) copolymer yarns have shown that photosensitized degradation occurs more readily in the copolymers than in the homopolymer. A photo-oxidative mechanism involving the second monomer, dibutyl 4, 4′-sulfonyldibenzoate, has been proposed to account for the photosensitization. The photophysical processes in the second monomer, dibutyl 4, 4′-sulfonyldibenzoate, were studied by absorption and luminescence techniques. The lowest excited singlet and triplet in this compound were identified as the 1(π, π*) and 3(π, π*) states, respectively. The energy levels in the second monomer have been assigned as follows: 1S1 ∼ 33,000 cm-1, 1S2 ∼ 42,000 cm-1, and 3T1 ∼ 26,000 cm-1.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1981.070260228
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photophysical processes in poly(hexamethylene adipamide)-acid dye complexes: Energetics of nylon 66 phototendering (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 19 (1975), S. 1847-1873 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The mechanism of dye-sensitized photo-oxidative degradation of nylon 66 was investigated. A known phototendering dye, C.I. Acid Blue 40 (1-amino-4-(p-aminoacetanilide)-2-anthraquinone sodium sulfonate), was used for this study. Excitation and emission spectra of the dyed and undyed nylons indicated that a ground-state complex between the dye and the polyamide was formed upon dyeing. The energy level of the complex's electronic states favor triplet-triplet energy transfer from the nylon to the complex. Quenching studies show that the energy transfer occurs efficiently with a rate constant of 45.8 l. mole-1 sec-1. An additional energy transfer occurs between the excited free dye and the complex by either a singlet-triplet or a triplet-triplet mechanism. Kinetic analysis of the nylon-complex energy transfer suggests that the triplet energy of nylon migrates 24 to 33 Å along the amide chromophores in an exciton fashion until an energy trapping complex is reached. Energy is then transferred by an exchange mechanism. Photo-oxidative studies verify that the dye-nylon complex sensitizes the polyamide photo-oxidative degradation at its own expense without dye photobleaching.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1975.070190707
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis, photodegradation, and energy transfer in a series of poly(ethylene terephthalate-co-4,4′-biphenyldicarboxylate) copolymers (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 321-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) filament yarns were photostabilized by addition of 0.5-4.0 mole % dimethyl 4,4′-biphenyldicarboxylate (4,4′-BPDC) to the polymerization feed. The mechanism of photostabilization is proposed to be a triplet-triplet energy transfer from excited terephthalate units to ground-state biphenyldicarboxylate units. The mechanism of transfer is reported to be via an electron exchange mechanism, with the “quenching sphere” calculated to be 14.9 Å. Kinetic studies show the “pseudo” zero-order rate constant of initial photodegradation to decrease from 3.4 × 10-19 for the PET homopolymer to 2.0 × 10-19% breaking strength loss/quantum exposure/cm2 for the copolyester containing 4.0 mole % of the 4,4′-biphenyldicarboxyl moieties. The photophysical processes available to the dimethyl 4,4′-biphenyldicarboxylate monomer were characterized by absorption and luminescence studies. In solution, dimethyl 4,4′-biphenyldicarboxylate was shown to emit an intense fluorescence from a 2(π,π*) state and a weaker (∼10-2×) phosphorescence from a 1(π,π*) state derived from the 1A→supn1Lb absorption. The copolymer yarns were shown to exhibit both fluorescence and phosphorescence from the biphenyldicarboxylate units: the fluorescence from direct excitation, the phosphorescence by sensitized transfer.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1981.070260129
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal properties of some bromine-containing aromatic fire retardantsThis paper was extracted, in part, from a thesis submitted by T. E. Davidson to Clemson University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Textile Chemistry, August 1979. (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1491-1504 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1980.070250722
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Luminescence properties and photooxidation of poly[butylene terephthalate-co-poly(oxytetramethylene) terephthalate] (1980)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 18 (1980), S. 3129-3131 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1980.170181022
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