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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formate and acetate levels compared in monsoon and winter rainwater at Dayalbagh, Agra (India) (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of atmospheric chemistry 23 (1996), S. 81-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0662
    Keywords: precipitation ; formate ; acetate ; winter ; monsoon ; sources
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract A total of 59 rainwater samples were collected during the winter and monsoon (1991–92) at Dayalbagh, Agra. This site is relatively free from the influence of anthropogenic emissions and the volume-weighted average concentrations (VWA) of formate in the winter and monsoon were 22.5±6, 16.1±3 while acetate VWAs were 17.1±5 and 13.8±3 μmol l-1, respectively. Although the VWAs varied between seasons, it was not statistically different. Total deposition (in mmol m-2) varied between season (winter formate, 1.4; acetate, 1.1; monsoon formate, 7.4; acetate, 6.4). A difference in VWA values may have occurred as a result of the dilution factor; the total rain depth from collected samples in the monsoon was 46 cm while that in winter was 6.3 cm. Sources at this site may be anthropogenic and natural; scavenging from the vapour phase, washout of soil particles and emissions from vegetative sources are probably important sources for formate and acetate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00058705
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of Organic Acids in Dew Collected on Surrogate Surfaces (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of atmospheric chemistry 37 (2000), S. 231-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0662
    Keywords: dew ; formate ; acetate ; Henry's law constant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Levels of formate and acetate in dew were measured at Dayalbagh, India, usingsurrogate surfaces. The dew formed per night ranged between 0.06 lm−2 and 1.38 l m−2, with an average of 0.59l m−2. pH ranged between 6.7 and 7.4. Mean concentrations offormate and acetate in dew were 10.2 ± 10.2 μeql−1 and 7.5 ± 4.5 μeq l−1,respectively. The correlation coefficient between the two ions was 0.80 (p =0.001), which suggested that concentrations of these species in dew are linkedtogether. They have either common or different sources with fairly constantstrengths or products of same reaction. Good correlation of formate andacetate with Ca (r = 0.82 and r = 0.70, respectively) and Mg (r = 0.74 and r= 0.71, respectively) suggested that these ions may be associated with Ca andMg after the neutralization process. Deposition rates for formate and acetatein dew per night were 10.2 ± 7.22 μmol m−2 pernight and 4.6 ± 2.2 μmol m−2 per night,respectively. The theoretical Henry's law constant (K* H)and the field-observed Henry's law coefficient (K* H) ascalculated from concurrent measurements of gas phase and dew for both acidsshowed large discrepancies of three orders of magnitude.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006468417096
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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