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Tolerance-like attenuation to contingent and noncontingent cocaine-induced elevation of extracellular dopamine in the ventral striatum following 7 days of withdrawal from chronic treatment (1995)

Meil, W. M. ; Roll, J. M. ; Grimm, J. W. ; [et al.]

Springer

Psychopharmacology 118 (1995), S. 338-346

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ISSN: 1432-2072

Keywords: Microdialysis ; Dopamine ; Cocaine ; Self-administration ; Ventral striatum

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Abstract Time-dependent changes in mesolimbic dopamine (DA) function are believed to play a role in behavioral sensitization and drug craving experienced during withdrawal from chronic cocaine administration. The present study utilized intravenous (IV) cocaine self-administration coupled with intracranial microdialysis in rats to investigate time dependent changes during withdrawal from chronic cocaine exposure. Following 2 weeks of IV cocaine self-administration, rats were allowed contingent access to cocaine at 1 and 7 days of withdrawal while extracellular levels of DA were measured from the ventral striatum. A second group of animals received yoked, noncontingent cocaine for 2 weeks and were then administered noncontingent cocaine on days 1 and 7 of withdrawal. In addition, a third group of animals received 2 weeks of yoked saline followed by noncontingent cocaine 1 day after withdrawal. There were no significant differences between groups for the overall cocaine dosage or temporal pattern of infusions on days 1 and 7 of withdrawal. Basal extracellular DA concentrations did not differ between any treatment groups at either withdrawal time. Extracellular DA levels were increased throughout the session on both days; however, the increases at day 7 were significantly less than day 1 for both contingent and noncontingent conditions. DA overflow on day 1 did not differ between animals receiving chronic yoked cocaine or saline. These results suggest that tolerance-like attenuation to the DA-elevating effects of cocaine is not apparent early in withdrawal, but does develop by later time points. DA release in the ventral striatum may not be directly related to cocaine self-administration following withdrawal, since DA levels were attenuated after 7 days of withdrawal while responding for cocaine was unaltered.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02245964

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Über einige Quecksilberderivate des AcetonitrilsHerrn Prof. Dr. G. Hilgetag zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmet (1974)

Grimm, J. W. ; Röber, K. C. ; Oehme, G. ; [et al.]

New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell

Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 316 (1974), S. 557-568

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ISSN: 0021-8383

Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: Quecksilberacetat bildet oberhalb 120°C mit Acetonitril mehrfach am Kohlenstoff mercurierte Derivate. Aus den Ansätzen konnte in hoher Ausbeute Tris-(acetoxymercuri)-cyanmethan isoliert und analytisch charakterisiert werden. Die monomercurierten Verbindungen ClHgCH2CN und Hg(CH2CN)2 wurden aus Lithiumacetonitril und Quecksilber(II)-chlorid bei -70°C als stabile, schmelzbare Substanzen dargestellt. Aus ClHgCH2CN zugängliches Acetoxymercuri-cyanmethan setzt sich mit Acetonitril schon bei dessen Siedetemperatur zu den schwerlöslichen Bis- und Tris-(acetoxymercuri)-Verbindungen um. Der Cyanmethylrest ist von Quecksilber nicht auf Palladium zu übertragen und dadurch zu aktivieren, sondern es bilden sich stabile Komplexe zwischen ClHgCH2CN bzw. Hg(CH2CN)2 und PdCl2. Durch Photolyse wurde aus Hg(CH2CN)2 Succinonitril erhalten. Die Verbindungen wurden IR-spektroskopisch und z. T. polarographisch untersucht.

Additional Material: 2 Ill.