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  • Electronic Resource  (10)
  • 1995-1999  (10)
  • 1985-1989
  • 1997  (5)
  • 1996  (5)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Self-oscillating mode for frequency modulation noncontact atomic force microscopy (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 70 (1997), S. 2529-2531 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Frequency modulation atomic force microscopy (FM-AFM) has made imaging of surfaces in ultrahigh vacuum with atomic resolution possible. Here, we demonstrate a new approach which simplifies the implementation of FM-AFM considerably and enhances force sensitivity by directly exciting the cantilever with the thermal effects involved in the deflection measurement process. This approach reduces the mechanically oscillating mass by 6 to 8 orders of magnitude as compared to conventional FM-AFM, because external actuators and oscillating cantilever mounts are not needed. Avoiding external actuators allows the use of cantilevers with very high oscillation frequencies, which results in improved force sensitivity. Further, the implementation and operation of this new technique is significantly simplified, because external actuator, bandpass filter, and phase shifter are eliminated. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.118910
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Difficult intubation in paediatrics (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Pediatric anesthesia 6 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9592.1996.tb00447.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mite fauna of German farms (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 52 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Storage mites are important sources of airborne allergens, especially on farms. A mite survey was conducted in the working environments of 121 farms in five regions of Germany. Of 859 samples, 743 (86.4%) contained mites, representing 547 857 astigmatic mites in 723 g of dust and 34 501 prostigmatic mites in 469 g of dust. Dust samples from nine sites of each farm were collected and analyzed. Ninety-three percent of all mites belonged to the order Astigmata (storage- and house-dust-mite species); 35 Astigmata and 14 Prostigmata mite species were identified. According to the abundance and steadiness of the important astigmatic mite species, the following order was found: Lepidoglyphus destructor 〉 Glycyphagus domesticus 〉 Acarus siro 〉 Tyrophagus longior 〉 Blomia tjibodas 〉 Chortoglyphus arcuatus 〉 Thyreophagus entomophagus 〉 Tyrophagus putrescentiae 〉 Euroglyphus longior 〉 Tyrophagus palmarum 〉 Acarus farris 〉 Acarus immobilis 〉 Gohieria fusca. Blomia tjibodas was described for the first time as an abundant species of farms in Germany.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1997.tb02529.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Species-specific detection of Legionella using polymerase chain reaction and reverse dot-blotting (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 140 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Legionella pneumophila and some other Legionella species are capable of causing Legionnaire's disease, a potentially fatal pneumonia. The identification of legionellae by standard laboratory techniques such as culture is difficult and time-consuming. In the present work, the DNA sequence of the 23S-5S spacer region was determined for 43 Legionella isolates, and the sequence information was used to develop a species-specific detection system using PCR and reverse dot-blotting which employs just one PCR amplicon to perform genus- and species-specific detection. L. pneumophila serogroups 1–16 as well as 21 non-pneumophila isolates could be identified and differentiated at the species level using this system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1996.tb08323.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ozone increases group 5 allergen content of Lolium perenne (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 52 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1997.tb02163.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic versus phenotypic models of selection: can genetics be neglected in a long-term perspective? (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of mathematical biology 34 (1996), S. 533-555 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1416
    Keywords: Key words: Frequency dependent selection ; ESS ; Nash equilibrium ; Game dynamics ; Mendelian population ; Multilocus model ; External stability ; Phenotypic stability ; Optimization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract.  Game theoretical concepts in evolutionary biology have been criticized by populations geneticists, because they neglect such crucial aspects as the mating system or the mode of inheritance. In fact, the dynamics of natural selection does not necessarily lead to a fitness maximum or an ESS if genetic constraints are taken into account. Yet, it may be premature to conclude that game theoretical concepts do not have a dynamical justification. The new paradigm of long-term evolution postulates that genetic constraints, which may be dominant in a short-term perspective, will in the long run disappear in the face of the ongoing influx of mutations. Two basic results (see Hammerstein; this issue) seem to reconcile the dynamical approach of long-term population genetics with the static approach of evolutionary game theory: (1) only populations at local fitness optima (Nash strategies) can be long-term stable; and (2) in monomorphic populations, evolutionary stability is necessary and sufficient to ensure long-term dynamic stability. The present paper has a double purpose. On the one hand, it is demonstrated by fairly general arguments that the scope of the results mentioned above extends to non-linear frequency dependent selection, to multiple loci, and to quite general mating systems. On the other hand, some limitations of the theory of long-term evolution will also be stressed: (1) there is little hope for a game theoretical characterization of stability in polymorphic populations; (2) many interesting systems do not admit long-term stable equilibria; and (3) even if a long-term stable equilibrium exists, it is not at all clear whether and how it is attainable by a series of gene substitution events.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002850050020
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic versus phenotypic models of selection: can genetics be neglected in a long-term perspective? (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of mathematical biology 34 (1996), S. 533-555 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1416
    Keywords: Frequency dependent selection ; ESS ; Nash equilibrium ; Game dynamics ; Mendelian population ; Multilocus model ; External stability ; Phenotypic stability ; Optimization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Game theoretical concepts in evolutionary biology have been criticized by populations geneticists, because they neglect such crucial aspects as the mating system or the mode of inheritance. In fact, the dynamics of natural selection does not necessarily lead to a fitness maximum or an ESS if genetic constraints are taken into account. Yet, it may be premature to conclude that game theoretical concepts do not have a dynamical justification. The new paradigm of long-term evolution postulates that genetic constraints, which may be dominant in a short-term perspective, will in the long run disappera in the face of the ongoing influx of mutations. Two basic results (see Hammerstein; this issue) seem to reconcile the dynamical approach of long-term population genetics with the static approach of evolutionary game theory: (1) only populations at local fitness optima (Nash strategies) can be long-term stable; and (2) in monomorphic populations, evolutionary stability is necessary and sufficient to ensure long-term dynamic stability. The present paper has a double purpose. On the one hand, it is demonstrated by fairly general arguments that the scope of the results mentioned above extends to non-linear frequency dependent selection, to multiple loci, and to quite general mating systems. On the other hand, some limitations of the theory of long-term evolution will also be stressed: (1) there is little hope for a game theoretical characterization of stability in polymorphic populations; (2) many interesting systems do not admit long-term stable equilibria; and (3) even if a long-term stable equilibrium exists, it is not at all clear whether and how it is attainable by a series of gene substition events.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02409749
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Algorithmen zum automatischen Zeichnen von Graphen (1997)
    Springer
    Informatik-Spektrum 20 (1997), S. 199-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-122X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter  Automatisches Graphenzeichnen ; Algorithmen ; Planarisierung ; Kreuzungsminimierung ; Grapheneditoren ; Key words  Automatic graph drawing ; Algorithms ; Planarization ; Crossing minimization ; Graph editors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary   Graph drawing is a new and growing area in Computer Science. It is concerned with the design, analysis, implementation and evaluation of new algorithms for aesthetically nice drawings of graphs. Through the use of some selected examples of applications, typical problems, and solutions, we would like to provide an introduction into this still relatively unknown field. And we survey activities and goals of a working group consisting of members of the universities of Halle, Köln and Passau and the Max-Planck-Institut für Informatik in Saarbrücken, that is funded by the German Science Foundation DFG under the program „Efficient Algorithms for Discrete Problems and their Applications“.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung   Das Zeichnen von Graphen ist ein junges aufblühendes Gebiet der Informatik. Es befaßt sich mit Entwurf, Analyse, Implementierung und Evaluierung von neuen Algorithmen für ästhetisch schöne Zeichnungen von Graphen. Anhand von selektierten Anwendungsbeispielen, Problemstellungen und Lösungsansätzen wollen wir in dieses noch relativ unbekannte Gebiet einführen und gleichzeitig einen Überblick über die Aktivitäten und Ziele einer von der DFG im Rahmen des Schwerpunktprogramms „Effiziente Algorithmen für Diskrete Probleme und ihre Anwendungen“ geförderten Arbeitsgruppe aus Mitgliedern der Universitäten Halle, Köln und Passau und des Max-Planck-Instituts für Informatik in Saarbrücken geben.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002870050066
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Practical MRI: A teaching file, 1st edition (1996)
    Springer
    Emergency radiology 3 (1996), S. 145-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-1435
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02440037
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neural foraminal enlargement on axial images: A radiologic sign indicative of bilateral interfacetal dislocation or subluxation of the cervical spine (1997)
    Springer
    Emergency radiology 4 (1997), S. 380-385 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-1435
    Keywords: Cervical vertebrae ; Facet dislocation ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Diagnostic imaging ; Joint injury
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe neural foraminal enlargement as a radiologic sign indicating bilateral interfacetal dislocation or subluxation injuries (BID/S) of the lower cervical spine on axial images. Axial neural formainal width was measured by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging in 10 patients with BID/S and compared with measurements in 20 control patients. In both the BID/S patients and controls, the size of the foramina at the injured level was compared with the foramina at levels immediately above and below the injury. These measurements were compared for statistical significance using Student's t-test. The width of the injured foramina averaged 10.4 mm in BID/S and 5.3 mm in controls (P〈0.001). The enlargement in the BID/S cases relative to foramina above and below the injured level was statistically significant. The sign was also assessed qualitatively for detection of BID/S by three reviewers blindly analyzing 19 cases (9 BID/S and 10 controls) for signs of widened neural foramina. The pooled blinded review yielded a sensitivity of 81% and a specificity of 83% for neural foraminal enlargement as a sign indicative of BID/S. We describe enlargement, of neural foramina as a radiologic sign corroborative of BID/S on axial images.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01451075
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