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  • Electronic Resource  (92)
  • 2000-2004
  • 1995-1999  (92)
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  • 1996  (92)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Status of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory : The 9th National conference on synchrotron radiation instrumentation (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 3345-3345 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory is a third-generation light source optimized for production of high-brilliance undulator radiation in the hard x-ray portion of the spectrum. A user community representing all major centers of synchrotron research, including universities, industry, and federal laboratories, will utilize these x-ray beams for investigations across a diverse range of disciplines. All technical facilities and components required for operations have been completed and installed, and are well along in the commissioning process. Major design goals and Department of Energy milestones have been met or exceeded. Project funds have been maximized to construct a number of beamline components and user facilities over and above those called for in the original project scope. Research teams preparing experimental apparatus at the Advanced Photon Source have procured strong funding support. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147449
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of acicular iron nanoparticles by the reduction of ferrous salt in the presence of tubular lecithin assemblies : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 4860-4862 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ferromagnetic α-Fe particles were prepared by reduction of Fe2+ in the presence of tubular lecithin assemblies found in lecithin/cyclohexane/water association colloids. The particles consisted of both large single- and multi-domain acicular rods, 0.25–5 μm in length with a length to width ratio of at least 6:1, encapsulated in lecithin. The coercivity depended on the reaction medium and ranged from 7 to 131 Oe. The highest coercivity particles were obtained in the cyclohexane-rich region of the ternary phase diagram. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361633
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Iron particle surface chemistry and corrosion protection by amine-quinone polyurethanes : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 4863-4865 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The ability of amine-quinone polyurethanes to protect iron particles from corrosion was shown to depend on the polymer composition and on the particle surface chemistry. The amine-quinone polyurethanes were prepared from 2,5-bis(N-2-hydroxyethyl-N-methylamino)-1,4-benzoquinone (AQM-1), tolylene diisocyante and polytetrahydrofuran diol (average molecular weight 650). The AQM-1 content was varied from 20 to 40 wt % (AQPU-15); the polymer with 40 wt % AQM-1 had the highest affinity for the iron surface and showed the best corrosion protection. AQPU-15 had a higher affinity for the commercial iron particle having a aluminum-rich surface, than for a commercial particle having a silicon-rich surface. Tape samples containing AQPU-15 and the particles having the Al-rich surface showed excellent corrosion resistance, maintaining 98% of the initial saturation magnetization after 48 h exposure to pH 2 aqueous buffer. Samples containing AQPU-15 and the particles having the Si-rich surface completely corroded after 2 h exposure. The presence of aluminum on the iron surface served to enhance the adsorption of AQPU-15 and improve the corrosion resistance. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361634
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microstructure and magnetic properties of CoCrPt/Cr films on ultrasmooth NiP/AlMg substrates : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 5348-5350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Investigation of the correlation between the microstructure and magnetic properties of Co68Cr20Pt12/Cr thin films which were sputter deposited under different conditions onto 95 mm ultrasmooth NiP/AlMg disk substrates (Ra∼2 A(ring)) has been carried out. Grain morphology characteristics of the films and disk surface roughness were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and by atomic force microscopy. Tilted-specimen electron diffraction patterns were used to determine the crystallographic texture of the films. The low coercivity of the disks deposited at 100 °C preheated substrates is attributed to the randomly oriented grains of the CoCrPt/Cr layers. Enhancement of the coercivity of the disks deposited on 220 °C preheated substrates is thought to be mainly due to the (112¯0)CoCrPt/(002)Cr crystallographic texture and uniformly distributed grains which are equiaxed in shape. The strength of the (112¯0)CoCrPt/(002)Cr texture can be modified by the Ar gas pressure during the deposition of the Cr underlayer. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361373
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct observation of domain walls in NiFe films using high-resolution Lorentz microscopy : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 6455-6457 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A novel approach to observe the interaction between magnetic domain wall and nanoscale microstructural features is demonstrated. The method is based on Focault mode Lorentz microscopy and utilizes a Gatan energy image filter to provide additional magnification. A postexperimental image processing technique was applied to separate lattice diffraction from that induced by magnetic domains. The effect of NiFe thickness on the width of a 180° Néel wall has been studied. It was found that the thickness dependence has a similar profile to the theoretically predicted trend but the actual wall thickness is smaller than the calculated values. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361972
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reaction mechanism of cobalt with silicon dioxide (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 1123-1128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The reaction mechanism of thin cobalt (Co) films with silicon dioxide (SiO2) substrate under rapid thermal annealing conditions has been investigated. Reaction of thin cobalt film (12.5 nm) with a SiO2 substrate is observed in an inert ambient (N2) and in vacuum (∼10−8 Torr). The reaction is manifested by the formation of craterlike depressions on the SiO2 substrate and by the presence of a Co2SiO4 reaction product determined by transmission electron microscopy diffraction patterns. Much less damage is observed with no reaction product observed if the samples are annealed in a forming gas ambient (90% N2/10% H2), the cobalt film is much thicker (150 nm), or the cobalt film is in situ cleaned (e.g., 5 min in 400 °C, forming gas ambient) prior to annealing in either inert or vacuum ambient. It is proposed that the presence of oxygen is required in order to initiate the reaction between cobalt and SiO2. The source of the oxygen contaminant, in our studies, is the oxygen on the surface of the cobalt film. The proposed reaction is 2 Co+SiO2+2〈0〉→Co2SiO4 where 〈0〉 represents oxygen contaminant at the surface. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362667
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seed layer induced (002) crystallographic texture in NiAl underlayers : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 4902-4904 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The magnetic properties of Co alloy thin films are strongly dependent on their crystallographic texture and microstructure which in turn can be controlled by the texture of the underlayer. For Co alloy longitudinal recording media with Cr underlayers, it is desirable to have (002) textured Cr underlayers. Since NiAl has the B2 structure and has a lattice constant similar to that of Cr, NiAl has the potential to be an alternative underlayer to Cr. However, the (002) crystallographic texture of the NiAl films is difficult to obtain. It is found that the (002) texture in NiAl underlayers can be achieved by employing a seed layer of either (002) textured Cr or MgO. Because of the improved texture a significant increase of the in-plane coercivity in CoCrPt/NiAl films was obtained. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361644
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural origin of magnetic biased field in NiMn/NiFe exchange coupled films (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 7896-7904 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The factors which determine the strength of the magnetic biased field in NiMn/NiFe exchange biased system have been examined. It was found that a strong NiFe (111) texture and columnar growth are essential to obtaining a high exchange field as they facilitate epitaxy between the NiFe and NiMn layers. The application of an amorphous Ta nucleation layer and substrate biasing during NiFe deposition have been found to promote these structures. Fcc NiMn replicates the (111) texture through epitaxial growth on NiFe according to a cube on cube orientation relationship. Upon annealing, atomic ordering takes place in the NiMn layer and gives rise to an exchange biased field. However, a fully L10 ordered structure cannot be achieved at the NiMn/NiFe interface due to the stabilizing effect of fcc NiFe. Away from the interface, the transformation proceeds and the ordered tetragonal unit cell creates a lattice strain within the NiMn film. This strain is relieved by twinning within the NiMn grains of the film. The strength of the exchange field has been found to be closely associated with the density of twins and their proximity to the NiMn/NiFe interface. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362401
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Personal and Location-Specific Characteristics and Elderly Interstate Migration (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 27 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of locational and individual characteristics upon interstate retiree migration, particularly in state-level public policy variables. Data regarding the characteristics of individual movers are drawn from the 1990 US. Census of Population and Housing 5% Public Use Microdata Sample. The household data are merged with location-specific attributes including both natural amenities and local fiscal variables. Three specifications of the model are estimated. The “push” model analyzes the impact of origin characteristics upon migration between states, while the “pull” model demonstrates the influence of destination characteristics upon interstate migration. The final specification is the “difference” model, which measures the actual changes in site characteristics experienced by migrants in their location decisions. The results indicate that both personal and locational characteristics are important factors determining the decision of elderly migrants to change their state of residence. While there is some limited support for the push and pull specifications, the difference model is found to provide the best overall fit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2257.1996.tb00909.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A correlated ab initio study of the X˜ 2A1 and A˜ 2E states of MgCH3 (1996)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 104 (1996), S. 9495-9498 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The X˜ 2A1 and A˜ 2E states of the MgCH3 radical have been studied with correlation consistent basis sets and the coupled cluster method RCCSD(T) in order to compare with two recent experimental efforts [M. A. Anderson and L. M. Ziurys, Astrophys. J. 452, L157 (1995); R. Rubino, J. M. Williamson, and T. A. Miller, J. Chem. Phys. 103, 5964 (1995)]. The best computed values [RCCSD(T)/cc-pCVTZ] for the X˜ 2A1 state are (experimental results in parentheses): Ae=160.433 GHz, Be=10.948 GHz (B0=11.008 GHz), and μe=1.011 D. The Mg–CH3 bond is weak, 26.3 kcal/mol. Values for the A˜ 2E state are Ae=154.648 GHz (A0=149.666 GHz), Be=10.87 GHz (B0=10.932 GHz), and μe=1.022 D. The excitation energy (Te) for the A˜ 2E←X˜ 2A1 transition is 19 999 cm−1 (T00=20 030 cm−1). A brief discussion of bonding trends in Mg-containing radials is included. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.471692
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