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  • Electronic Resource  (10)
  • 2005-2009  (1)
  • 1995-1999  (9)
Material
  • Electronic Resource  (10)
  • Book  (2)
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 398 (1999), S. 367-368 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The prisoner's dilemma is a classic of game theory in which acting for individual advantage is pitted against acting for collective benefit. An example has been identified among clones of a virus that infects bacteria. A virus is a natural-born cheat that makes its living by exploiting the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In HIV-1 infection, there are strong CTL responses to several epitopes, and evidence is mounting that CTL are important in controlling the virus18"23. HIV persistence and disease progression may rely partly on evasion of CTL responses by antigenic variation. We have ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 392 (1998), S. 439-441 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Talk of the ‘higher principles of life’ has a ring of vitalism to it. So it must have taken Michael Polanyi considerable pluck to argue in 1968, at the onset of the spectacular advances of biochemistry and molecular genetics, that life has an ‘irreducible structure’. He ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 393 (1998), S. 573-577 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Darwinian evolution has to provide an explanation for cooperative behaviour. Theories of cooperation are based on kin selection (dependent on genetic relatedness),, group selection and reciprocal altruism. The idea of reciprocal altruism usually involves direct reciprocity: repeated encounters ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 387 (1997), S. 362-363 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Late in life, the mathematician Kurt Godel confided that he felt the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton University had been paying him too much. On the face of it, he had a case: after his appointment as professor, he never lectured or held a seminar, and he published almost nothing. But the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 437 (2005), S. 1291-1298 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Natural selection is conventionally assumed to favour the strong and selfish who maximize their own resources at the expense of others. But many biological systems, and especially human societies, are organized around altruistic, cooperative interactions. How can natural selection promote unselfish ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 378 (1995), S. 453-453 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IT is the way of fashion to go out of fashion. The new field of complexity seems to experience the same fate as its forerunner, chaos. After a few years of hope and hype, and a remarkable success on the public relations front, it is hitting lean times. A Scientific American suddenly turned ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 377 (1995), S. 265-266 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Artificial Life. Edited by Christopher G. Langton. MIT Press. 4/yr. USA $135, Canada $161.57, elsewhere $151 (institutional); USA $45, Canada $65.27, elsewhere $61 (personal); USA $25, Canada $43.87, elsewhere $41 ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of mathematical biology 33 (1995), S. 703-722 
    ISSN: 1432-1416
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We consider two-state automata playing repeatedly the Prisoner's Dilemma (or any other 2 × 2-game). The 16 × 16-payoff matrix is computed for the limiting case of a vanishingly small noise term affecting the interaction. Some results concerning the evolution of populations of automata under the action of selection are obtained. The special role of “win-stay, lose-shift”-strategies is examined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Ecosystems 1 (1998), S. 444-448 
    ISSN: 1435-0629
    Keywords: Key words: reciprocal altruism; evolutionary games; Prisoner's Dilemma game; evolution of cooperation.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: ABSTRACT Complex adaptive systems play a major role in the theory of reciprocal altruism. Starting with Axelrod's celebrated computer tournaments, a wide variety of computer simulations show that cooperation can evolve in populations of selfish agents, both with direct and indirect reciprocation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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