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  • Electronic Resource  (5)
  • 2005-2009
  • 1980-1984  (5)
  • 1935-1939
  • Cell polarity  (2)
  • Coleoptera  (2)
  • $$\dot V$$ O2 max  (1)
Material
  • Electronic Resource  (5)
Years
  • 2005-2009
  • 1980-1984  (5)
  • 1935-1939
Year
  • 1
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Cell polarity ; Differentiation ; Microtubules ; Nuclear migration ; Onoclea sensibilis ; Spore germination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Germinating spores of the sensitive fern,Onoclea sensibilis L., undergo premitotic nuclear migration before a highly asymmetric cell division partitions each spore into a large protonemal cell and a small rhizoid initial. Nuclear movement and subsequent rhizoid formation were inhibited by the microtubule (MT) inhibitors, colchicine, isopropyl-N-3-chlorophenyl carbamate (CIPC) and griseofulvin. Colchicine prevented polar nuclear movement and cell division so that spores developed into enlarged, uninucleate single cells. CIPC and griseofulvin prevented nuclear migration, but not cell division, so that spores divided into daughter cells of approximately equal size. In colchicine-treated spores, MT were not observed at any time during germination. CIPC prevented MT formation at a time coincident with nuclear movement in the control and caused a disorientation of the spindle MT. Both colchicine and CIPC appeared to act at a time prior to the onset of normal nuclear movement. The effects of colchicine were reversible but those of CIPC were not. Cytochalasin b had no effect upon nuclear movement or rhizoid differentiation. These results suggests that MT mediate nuclear movement and that a highly asymmetric cell division is essential for rhizoid differentiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Protoplasma 120 (1984), S. 1-11 
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Cell polarity ; Differentiation ; Fern spores ; Metal-binding sites ; Onoclea sensibilis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary During germination of the spore of the sensitive fernOnoclea sensibilis L. the nucleus migrates from a central position to the proximal face and then to one end of the ellipsoidal spore. An asymmetric cell division follows giving rise to a small cell which differentiates immediately into a rhizoid, and a large cell which divides further to give rise to the prothallus. The proximal face of the spore coat is differentiated from the remainder of the spore by its ability to bind nickel ions under certain conditions and by its staining with a sulfide-silver procedure which localizes heavy metals. The inner portion of the exine at the proximal face is differentiated from the outer part by its ability to stain with sulfide-silver at specific periods during germination. The exine at the proximal face also contains pore-like structures 50 nm in diameter which extend from the inner layer of the exine to the outer surface. Sulfide-silver staining material appears to be extruded through the pores at specific periods during germination. The percentage of spores showing nickel-binding and sulfide-silver stainability increases sharply during the first two to four hours of imbibition, then decreases sharply during the following two hours. This is followed by a second rise in staining at 8 to 12 hours of imbibition. The role of the ion-binding sites in the exine is discussed in relation to the stable polarity of the spore.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 47 (1981), S. 93-104 
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: $$\dot V$$ O2 max ; Anaerobic threshold ; Bicycle ergometer ; Treadmill
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This study examined the specificity of maximum aerobic power and the anaerobic threshold (AT) in 10 endurance-trained cyclists and 10 endurance-trained runners who performed continuous progressive work tests on the bicycle ergometer and treadmill. Dependent ‘t’ tests for $$\dot V$$ O2 max l/min−1 indicated that the cyclists scored higher on the bicycle ergometer ( $$\bar X$$ =4.5 l/min−1) than the treadmill ( $$\bar X$$ =4.34 l/min−1) but the difference was not statistically significant. By contrast, the runners fared significantly better (p〈0.05) on the treadmill ( $$\bar X$$ =68.1 ml/kg·min−1) compared with the bicycle ergometer ( $$\bar X$$ =61.7 ml/kg·min−1). When the AT was expressed as a percentage of $$\dot V$$ O2 max, there were no significant differences between the cyclists (66.3%) and runners (61.2%) on the bicycle ergometer or the runners (77.3%) and cyclists (74.3%) on the treadmill. However, this tendency for the better score to be registered by the group tested on the activity for which it trained was most pronounced when the AT was expressed in l/min−1 and ml/kg·min−1·Independent ‘t’ tests accordingly indicated that the cyclists (3.0 l/min−1) had significantly (p〈0.05) greater AT's than the runners (2.56 l/min−1) on the bicycle ergometer whereas the runners (52.7 ml/kg·min−1) had significantly (p〈0.05) higher AT's than the cyclists (46.8 ml/kg·min−1) on the treadmill. These data suggest that the adaptive responses to exercise are in part a function of the specific movement patterns executed in training. Thus, if $$\dot V$$ O2 max and the AT are to be measured in the laboratory, the tests must allow optimal innervation of the specifically trained muscle fibres.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Coleoptera ; Scolytidae ; bark beetle ; Dendrocionus ; Ips ; pheromone ; colonization ; attraction ; inhibition ; behavioral interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Chemically mediated behavioral interactions among four species of Scolytidae cohabitingPinus taeda in east Texas appear to be significant in delineating breeding areas within trees and in influencing the sequence of colonization.Dendroctonus frontalis usually arrived first and was not attracted to logs occupied by any of the threeIps species (I. avulsus, I. calligraphus, andI. grandicollis). The response ofI. avulsus to conspecific males was enhanced by the simultaneous presence of actively boring maleI. grandicollis. The response ofIps calligraphus was inhibited in areas whereI. avulsus was also present, but, in turn,I. calligraphus inhibited the response ofI. grandicollis and attractedI. avulsus. Ips grandicollis was strongly inhibited by the simultaneous presence of femaleD. frontalis or maleI. calligraphus, and in turn, maleI. grandicollis inhibitedD. frontalis. The result of this highly interactive olfactory system is that host trees are colonized very rapidly and that, in the process, disadvantageous reproductive interactions are minimized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 8 (1982), S. 125-136 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Aggregation ; pheromone ; elm ; mark-release ; multilure ; Coleoptera ; Scolytidae ; Scolytus multistriatus ; trap-out ; Ulmus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Two experiments were conducted to investigate the use of a pheromone-based trap-out technique for suppressing populations ofScolytus multistriatus. In the first experiment, elm bolts containing the immature stages ofS. multistriatus were placed in an isolated community that contained elm trees, but which was essentially devoid of a resident beetle population. The infested bolts produced a total of 46,485 adult beetles of which 20% were recovered on traps baited with synthetic pheromone. In the second experiment beetles were released in a desert valley containing no resident elms or beetles. Only 1% of 20,000 released beetles were recaptured on traps erected on vertical cardboard cylinders and on elm logs. These rates of recapture are related to the attraction of beetles to naturally occurring brood sources versus pheromone-baited traps.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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