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The use of image analysis to study the effects of residues of esfenvalerate on the locomotory behaviour of Panonychus ulmi and Typhlodromus pyri (Acari: Tetranychidae, Phytoseiidae) (1999)

Bowie, M. H. ; Worner, S. D. ; Chapman, R. B.

Springer

Experimental and applied acarology 23 (1999), S. 1-9

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ISSN: 1572-9702

Keywords: Image analysis ; locomotory behaviour ; European red mite (Panonychus ulmi) ; Typhlodromus pyri ; esfenvalerate.

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract The influences of esfenvalerate on mite behaviour were investigated by image analysis. Video recordings of the locomotory behaviour of two mite species were converted into a series of x,y coordinates that, when joined, closely resembled their paths. These coordinates were used to calculate walking speed, direction of travel, turning frequency, turn bias and tortuosity. Two experimental arenas were used: (1) a leaf disc arena for the European red mite, Panonychus ulmi and (2) a glass coverslip arena for Typhlodromus pyri. The behavioural responses of P. ulmi and T. pyri to esfenvalerate (field rate) indicated that these mites did not show a preference for the unsprayed halves of the arenas during the first 48 min. However, significant differences between most of the behavioural parameters to esfenvalerate residues were found with P. ulmi when whole arenas were compared. © Rapid Science Ltd. 1998

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006140509101

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Volume changes accompanying thermal denaturation of deoxyribonucleic acid. II. Denaturation at alkaline pH (1970)

Chapman, R. E. ; Sturtevant, J. M.

New York : Wiley-Blackwell

Biopolymers 9 (1970), S. 445-457

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ISSN: 0006-3525

Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: The change in apparent molal volume φ of DNA on thermal denaturation in carbonate buffer at pH 11.0 has been determined by the dilatometric method. It was found that φ increases sigmoidally during the helix-coil transition. Several methods, including a colorimetric technique that closely simulates the conditions used in the dilatometric experiments, were employed to estimate the protons lost by the DNA during the transition. These measurements indicated that the extent of the proton loss depends on the counterion present, increasing in the order Li+ 〈 Na+ 〈 K+ 〈 Cs+. The major part of the volume changes observed during the denaturation is due to the volume changes expected to accompany the transfer of protons from the bases guanine and thym ne to carbonate ions. As has been previously reported for the denaturation of DNA at neutral pH, the volume change directly due to the change in shape of the polymer molecules is so small as to be experimentally undetectable.

Additional Material: 7 Ill.