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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Reproduktionsmedizin 16 (2000), S. 189-193 
    ISSN: 1434-808X
    Keywords: Keywords Menopause • Estrogens • Cardiovascular effect • Lipid metabolism ; Schlüsselwörter Menopause ; Östrogene ; Kardiovaskuläre Wirkung ; Lipidmetabolismus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Inzidenz von kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen bei Frauen im fortpflanzungsfähigen Alter ist deutlich niedriger im Vergleich zu der gleichaltriger Männer. Ab Beginn der Menopause gleicht sich die Häufigkeit der arteriosklerotisch bedingten Erkrankungen mit der von Männern an. Durch die Gabe von Östrogenen ist die kardiovaskuläre Schutzwirkung wieder gegeben. Östrogene beeinflussen positiv den Lipidmetabolismus und haben einen blutdrucksenkenden Einfluss. Darüberhinaus besitzen sie einen direkten protektiven Effekt auf die lädierte Gefäßwand und senken die plasmatischen Konzentrationen von Fibrinogen und Antithrombin III. Bei der Applikation oraler oder transdermaler Östrogene mit oder ohne Gestagenen ist mit einem protektiven kardiovaskulären Effekt zu rechnen. Hier wird ein gering erhöhtes Thrombose- und Mammakarzinomrisiko in Kauf genommen.
    Notes: The incidence of cardiovascular diseases in women of child-bearing age is significantly lower than in men of the same age. Cardiovascular diseases are equally distributed when menopausal women without hormonal replacement therapy are compared with men. Administration of estrogens restores cardiovascular protection. Estrogens have a lowering effect on cholesterol levels in serum and are strong vasodilators. They have also a direct protective action on the arterial wall and decrease levels of coagulatory factors such as fibrinogen and antithrombin III. Oral or transdermal administration of estrogens with or without gestagens proves beneficial in reducing cardiovascular mortality. A slightly higher rate of deep vein thrombosis and breast cancer is accepted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: artificial neural networks ; ordination ; aquatic insect emergence ; prediction ; discharge pattern
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Two methods to predict the abundance of the mayflies Baetis rhodani and Baetis vernus (Insecta, Ephemeroptera) in the Breitenbach (Central Germany), based on a long-term data set of species and environmental variables were compared. Statistic methods and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) attributed abundance of emerged insects to a specific discharge pattern during their larval development. However, prediction (specimens per year) is limited to magnitudes of thousands of specimens (which is outside 25% of the mean). The application of artificial neural networks (ANN) with various methods of variable pre-selection increased the precision of the prediction. Although more than one appropriate pre-processing method or artificial neural networks was found, R 2 for the best abundance prediction was 0.62 for B. rhodaniand 0.71 for B. vernus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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