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  • Electronic Resource  (25)
  • 2000-2004  (25)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Echocardiography Before, During, and After Interventions (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of interventional cardiology 14 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8183
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Before intervention, a detailed echocardiographic examination is mandatory for the decision whether this procedure will be necessary, possible, and safe. During intervention, transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is needed for the continuous monitoring of the procedure, immediate assessment of results, and complications. TEE results in a significant reduction of fluoroscopy time. After intervention, echocardiography provides information on long-term results and newly developed complications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8183.2001.tb00342.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Does a second delivery increase the risk of anal incontinence? (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    BJOG 108 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To evaluate the prevalence of anal incontinence and anal sphincter defects after a first vaginal delivery and assess the effect of a second delivery.Design Prospective cohort study using postal questionnaires assessing incontinence to flatus and stools at three and thirty months postnatally and anal endosonography at three months following delivery.Setting Recruitment was from the antenatal clinic at the University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland.Population One hundred women with a vaginal delivery of their first child.Main outcome measures Prevalence of anal incontinence and anal sphincter defects.Results Anal incontinence was reported by 16/92 (17%) of women at three months after delivery and by 11/77 (14%) at 30 months. At that time, 5/54 (9%) with no further delivery reported incontinence, compared with 6/23 (26%) of those who had had another delivery (RR 2.8, 95% CI 1.0-8.3). Anal sphincter defects were diagnosed by endosonography in 46/87 (53%) women and were associated with reported incontinence at both three months (RR 1.9; 95% CI 1.4-2.6) and 30 months (RR 1.9; 95% CI 1.3-2.8) after delivery. The prevalence of anal incontinence at 30 months was highest (5/13, 39%) among those in whom a sphincter defect was diagnosed by endosonography after their first delivery and with a second delivery.Conclusion Anal incontinence after childbirth is associated with defects of the anal sphincter diagnosed by endosonography. Subsequent deliveries increase the risk of incontinence, particularly among women with a sphincter defect diagnosed after the first delivery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2001.00185.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic Efficiency, the Riskless Rate, and Debt Ponzi Games under Uncertainty (2001)
    Berkeley, Calif. : Berkeley Electronic Press (now: De Gruyter)
    Advances in macroeconomics 1.2001, 2, art3 
    Details
    ISSN: 1534-6013
    Source: Berkeley Electronic Press Academic Journals
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: In a dynamically efficient economy, can a government roll its debt forever and avoid the need to raise taxes? In a series of examples of economies with zero growth, this paper shows that such Ponzi games may be infeasible even when the average rate of return on bonds is negative, and may be feasible even when the average rate of return on bonds is positive. The paper then reveals the structure which underlies these examples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.bepress.com/bejm/advances/vol1/iss2/art3
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stage-dependent changes in the modulation of spinal nociceptive neuronal activity during the course of inflammation (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 13 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Spinal and supraspinal controls can tonically or phasically modulate the output of spinal nociceptive neurons. Alterations of these modulatory systems have been described during the acute stage of inflammation. In the present study in the rat, tonic descending controls were assessed during acute (24–48 h) and chronic (3–4 weeks) stages of monoarthritis of the ankle. The electrophysiological properties of spinal convergent neurons with ankle input were compared before and after spinalization. In a parallel series of experiments, spinal convergent neurons were recorded from the normal side in order to assess the propriospinal and supraspinal inhibitory controls triggered by nociceptive stimulation of the inflamed ankle. Tonic descending inhibition of convergent neurons with input from the inflamed ankle was enhanced during the acute stage and then decreased during the chronic stage of monoarthritis. Contralateral-induced inhibitions exhibited a similar temporal evolution. Time-dependent changes in the spinal transmission of nociceptive signals were shown by removing descending modulation in animals with monoarthritis; sensitization of spinal neurons with input from the inflamed ankle was demonstrated during the acute stage of monoarthritis, whereas a crossed transmission between inflamed and normal sides was observed during the chronic stage of the disease. These results show that dynamic and stage-dependent modifications of descending controls tend to dampen the central changes associated with inflammation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0953-816X.2000.01375.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monophasic sarcomatoid carcinoma of the scalp: a case mimicking inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor and a review of cutaneous spindle cell tumors with myofibroblastic differentiation (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 30 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  The evaluation of malignant cutaneous spindle cell tumors is challenged by a diagnostic differential that comprises neoplasms of diverse histogenesis, and a broad immunohistochemical panel may confound the diagnosis when the results suggest multiple lines of differentiation, such as with a combined myofibroblastic and epithelial phenotype.Methods:  We report the case of a solitary scalp nodule that quickly became locally metastatic. A comprehensive panel of immunohistochemistry markers and electron microscopy was evaluated to determine the differentiation of the spindle cells.Results:  The tumor, consisting of wavy and slender spindle cells with predominantly bland nuclei, showed immunoreactivity to vimentin, smooth muscle actin, and muscle-specific actin. AE1/AE3, CK5/6, and MNF-116 antibodies were weakly positive in rare cells. However, 34βE12 showed diffuse positivity in the spindle cell population, thus supporting the diagnosis of a sarcomatoid carcinoma with myofibroblastic differentiation.Conclusions:  The use of 34βE12 is essential for the evaluation of myofibroblastic spindle cell tumors with rare cytokeratin reactivity. However, even with immunohistochemical and electron microscopic studies, the diagnosis of spindle cell tumors can be confounded by the multiplicity of nosologic equivalents, such as carcinosarcoma, spindle cell carcinoma, and metaplastic carcinoma. The nomenclature of these spindle cell tumors is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0560.2003.00079.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Defining the regional healthcare planning objective using a multi-criteria approach (2003)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Logistics information management 16 (2003), S. 191-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 0957-6053
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Regional health care planning deals with the regional healthcare resource location-allocation problem posed to each public healthcare administration. Up to date, the models designed to support this kind of decision failed in their application. We found that the main reason is that often these models restrict the problem to a unique aspect (such as "covering of the territory" or "technique efficiency"), leaving outside a set of very important other dimensions, even if these are usually subjective and difficult to formalise. In this paper we present a method to identify formally these dimensions, by assigning measurable attributes to each of them. At a different level, we propose a hierarchical formulation of the overall objective of the regional healthcare resource planning for the facility systems; in this hierarchy, each leaf term corresponds to a formal evaluation criterion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09576050310483781
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Defects in whirlin, a PDZ domain molecule involved in stereocilia elongation, cause deafness in the whirler mouse and families with DFNB31 (2003)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature genetics 34 (2003), S. 421-428 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] The whirler mouse mutant (wi) does not respond to sound stimuli, and detailed ultrastructural analysis of sensory hair cells in the organ of Corti of the inner ear indicates that the whirler gene encodes a protein involved in the elongation and maintenance of stereocilia in both inner hair cells ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng1208
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transposition of maize Ac/Ds transposable elements in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2000)
    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature genetics 26 (2000), S. 187-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Excision by transposons is associated with chromosome breaks; generally, host-cell proteins repair this damage, often introducing mutations. Many transposons also use host proteins in the transposition mechanism or in regulation. Transposition in systems lacking host factors that influence the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/82827
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    2,2-Dimethyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)hydrazine (2000)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 56 (2000), S. 235-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The title molecule (DMPH-H), C8H9N5O6, was investigated to provide comparison with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazine, which unlike DMPH-H is readily oxidizable to form a well known stable free radical (DPPH). The structure shows essential differences in the configuration of the hydrazine-N atoms, the ortho-nitro group orientations and the crystal packing. The bond angles of the dimethylamino N atom [107.90 (13), 108.96 (12) and 112.21 (13)°] are consistent with a tetrahedral N atom and sp3 hybridization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270199014547
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mammalian evolution Relationships to chew over (2001)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 409 (2001), S. 28-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] There are three groups of living mammals — placentals, marsupials and the monotremes. The first two, along with some mammalian fossil relatives, have so-called 'tribosphenic' teeth, which provide a highly efficient way of chopping and grinding food. Monotreme ancestors are also thought to ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35051199
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