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  • Electronic Resource  (5)
  • 2000-2004  (5)
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  • Electronic Resource  (5)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of prosthodontics 9 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1532-849X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Purpose The purpose of this investigation was to compare the fracture toughness of several core materials.Materials and Methods Five core build-up materials were tested: (1) glass ionomer, (2) resin-modified glass ionomer, (3) titanium-reinforced composite, (4) composite resin with fluoride, and (5) amalgam. Fracture toughness determinations were made using 3-point flexure of beams with a central single-edge notch. The notch was standardized by the use of a special mold into which each of the materials was condensed. Ten beams of each material were tested on an Instron test machine (Instron Corp, Canton, MA) at a crosshead speed of 1.25 mm/min. The maximum loads were determined from which the fracture toughness values (KIC) were calculated. The data were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance and t tests.Results The mean fracture toughness value in MN·m−3/2 for each of them is as follows: (1) glass ionomer, 0.717 ± 0.071; (2) resin-modified glass ionomer, 0.747 ± 0.061; (3) titanium-reinforced composite, 1.409 ± 0.051; (4) composite resin with fluoride, 1.660 ± 0.086; and (5) amalgam, 1.521 ± 0.081. There was no significant difference in the KIC values for the glass ionomer-based materials, and both of these were significantly lower than amalgam, titanium-reinforced composite resin, and composite resin with fluoride (p 〈 .001).Conclusions The titanium-reinforced composite resin, the composite resin with fluoride, and amalgam materials showed fracture toughness most likely to withstand the stresses generated during mastication.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Aquaculture research 34 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The influence of water oxygen concentration on the acid–base balance of sea bass was evaluated. Fish weighing 200–250 g were cultured under different dissolved oxygen concentrations of 64%, 97%, 150% and 250% saturation (92.7, 140.5, 217.5 and 362.7 mmHg respectively) under mild hypoxia, normoxia, mild hyperoxia and high hyperoxia conditions. The results showed that high hyperoxia and mild hypoxia conditions modified some blood parameters significantly when compared with fish held under the normoxia condition, while no differences were shown with respect to the acid–base balance of fish cultured under normoxia and mild hyperoxia conditions. This testifies that the mild hyperoxia condition does not produce physiological disturbances in the acid–base status of sea bass and it could be considered a favourable condition in sea bass land-based farming, mainly in comparison with the mild hypoxia condition, responsible for other physiological problems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 65 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Leucocyte lysates from rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss showed an iron-binding activity that was retained even if the samples were exposed to an acid pH (4·5). Iron-binding activity of leucocyte supernatants was enhanced by the presence of 1 μg ml−1 phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate in the cell medium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 60 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The total respiratory surface area (RSA) of sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax (initial mass 153 ± 27 g), reared in a brackish water recirculation system at 24° C for 3 months under three different oxygen partial pressures of 60, 90 and 140% saturation (87.0, 130.0 and 203.1 torr. respectively), was 351.98 (± 8.90), 264.86 (± 48.20) and 212.90 (± 57.22) mm2 g−1 body mass. RSA was negatively correlated with oxygen availability in the water. In the same experiment, no significant differences in the total length of filaments or frequency of lamellae were observed, although the total length of filaments was shorter in fish cultured under hyperoxia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-5168
    Keywords: confocal laser scan microscope ; dissolved oxygen ; gas diffusion distance ; sea bass ; water temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Gas diffusion distance (GDD) of sea bass was measured in fish bred under farm conditions, at different dissolved oxygen concentrations (DO): normoxia condition (80–100% of the saturation value) and `mild' hyperoxia condition (120–130% of the saturation value). Measures were carried out two times in a year (beginning of summer and autumn) in order to evaluate the effect of water temperature on GDD at the two different dissolved oxygen concentrations. There was a significant influence of both dissolved oxygen concentration (p ≤0.001) and environmental temperature (p ≤0.001) on GDD. In summertime it was 1.75 μm and 2.31 μm for fish reared under normoxia and hyperoxia, respectively, and in autumn 2.51 μm and 2.96 μm for fish reared under normoxia and hyperoxia, respectively. When DO was reduced at the higher temperatures, GDD decreased as well. Results lead to the conclusion that GDD increased with the increasing of DO, both due to reduced water temperature and to the mild oxygen hypersaturation following application of pure oxygen. The advantage for fish may be found in the compromise between maximising O2 diffusion at the gills and ions/water intake/loss, known as `osmoregulatory compromise'.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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