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  • Electronic Resource  (4)
  • 2000-2004  (4)
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  • Electronic Resource  (4)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The ARIA/EAACI criteria for antihistamines: an assessment of the efficacy, safety and pharmacology of desloratadine (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Allergy 59 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  The definition of allergic rhinitis and the classification of its severity and treatment have advanced in recent years following the publication of the Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact of Asthma (ARIA) document. The ARIA and the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology (ARIA/EAACI) have published a set of recommendations that outline the pharmacological and clinical criteria to be met by medications commonly used in the treatment of allergic rhinitis.Methods:  An international group of experts met to assess the profile of the antihistamine, desloratadine, under the ARIA/EAACI criteria. Data on desloratadine were collected from peer-reviewed clinical studies and review articles, which were corroborated and augmented by comprehensive public access documents from the European Medicines Evaluation Agency (EMEA).Results and conclusion:  Based on this systematic review, it was concluded that the efficacy, safety and pharmacology of desloratadine broadly meet the ARIA/EAACI criteria for antihistamines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2004.00577.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glucocorticoid receptors in human airways (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 59 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Inhaled and intranasal glucocorticoids are the most common and effective drugs for controlling symptoms and airway inflammation in respiratory diseases such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, and nasal polyposis. The last few years have seen a growing understanding of the mechanisms of glucocorticoid action and, in particular, the receptor that mediates glucocorticoid actions, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). In this revision we present an update on the GR gene, the expression and regulation of its gene products, namely GRα and GRβ, as well as their alterations in pathological states. GRα is responsible for the induction and repression of target genes, it is expressed in virtually all human cells and tissues, and its expression is known to be downregulated by glucocorticoids. GRβ has been found to act as a dominant negative inhibitor of GRα-mediated transactivation in in vitro studies with transfected cells, but it does not appear to have a significant inhibitory effect on GRα-mediated transrepression. In addition, for most tissues the expression of GRβ, at least at the mRNA level, is extremely low compared with that of GRα. Some pro-inflammatory cytokines appear to upregulate the expression of GRβ, and increased GRβ expression has been reported in diseases associated with glucocorticoid resistance or insensitivity, such as bronchial asthma, nasal polyposis, and ulcerative colitis. However, the possible role of GRβ in modulating glucocorticoid sensitivity and/or resistance in vivo has been highly debated and it is not yet clear.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2004.00635.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nuclear factor-κB activity is down-regulated in nasal polyps from aspirin-sensitive asthmatics (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 58 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: We examined whether a decreased activity of nuclear factor(NF)-κB), a transcriptional regulator of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), could account for down-regulation of COX-2 in nasal polyps of aspirin-sensitive asthmatics.Methods: Nasal polyps were obtained from 17 aspirin-intolerant asthma/rhinitis patients (AIAR; 7 men, mean age 48 ± 12 years) and 23 aspirin-tolerant asthma/rhinitis patients (ATAR; 12 men, mean age 65 ± 11 years). COX-2 mRNA expression was measured using semiquantitative reverse transcriptase competitive polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the results were expressed as mean ± standard error of 106 molecules of mRNA/µg of total RNA. NF-κB binding was measured with 32P-labeled oligonucleotides and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), and the results were expressed as a percentage with respect to the mean EMSA obtained in 19 healthy nasal mucosa.Results: The mean levels of COX-2 mRNA expression (0.25 ± 0.06) and NF-κB activity (89 ± 13) in nasal polyps from AIAR were significantly lower than in polyps from ATAR (COX-2 = 1.58 ± 0.50, and NF-κB = 143 ± 12, P 〈 0.01 and P 〈 0.05, respectively). Levels of COX-2 mRNA and NF-κB activity in polyps from patients on corticosteroid therapy did not differ statistically from those who were not on this therapy before polypectomy.Conclusion: This study shows that the low expression of COX-2 mRNA in nasal polyps from aspirin-sensitive patients is associated with a down-regulation of NF-κB activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2003.23792.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dietary micronutrients/antioxidants and their relationship with bronchial asthma severity (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 56 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Because little is known about micronutrient/antioxidant intake and asthma severity, we investigated dietary intake and plasma/serum levels of micronutrients/antioxidants in a group of asthma patients with various degrees of severity, and compared the results with healthy subjects. Methods: A case control study was carried out on 118 asthma patients and 121 healthy subjects. The severity of the disease was classified by division of patients into four groups. Normal dietary micronutrient/antioxidant intake was estimated from a food frequency questionnaire. Plasma/serum levels of vitamins C, E, and A, selenium, magnesium, zinc, and platelet glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity were also determined. Results: No differences in daily micronutrient/antioxidant intake were seen between patients and healthy subjects. The severity of the disease showed no significant relationship with micronutrient/antioxidant intake. There were no differences in plasma/serum levels in any of the micronutrients/antioxidants between healthy subjects and asthmatics. Nor were any differences found between asthma groups in severity in the biochemical measures, except in platelet GSH-Px activity, which was significantly lower in the most severe groups. Conclusions: In this study, we found no evidence of any association between micronutrient/antioxidant intake or plasma/serum levels of micronutrients/antioxidants and asthma. Reduction of platelet GSH-Px activity in the most severe patients suggests that these patients have a diminished capacity to restore part of the antioxidant defences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2001.00793.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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