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  • Electronic Resource  (12)
  • 1995-1999  (3)
  • 1975-1979  (6)
  • 1970-1974
  • 1955-1959  (3)
  • Chemistry  (10)
  • Key words Cell cycle  (2)
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  • Electronic Resource  (12)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Cell cycle ; Ki-67 ; Apoptosis ; Hippocampus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Recent studies, showing that cell cycle-related nuclear proteins p105 and Ki-67 are associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-related cytoskeletal pathology, suggested that these proteins, in addition to their functions in regulating the cell cycle, may have more specialised functions in the adult nervous system. In order to test this hypothesis we studied the expression of the cell cycle-related proteins Ki-67, pCNA and p53 in the hippocampi of 33 subjects, including some with AD or other neurodegenerative disorders and some with no neurological disease. By immunohistochemistry we found nuclear expression of Ki-67 in all subregions of the hippocampus, with the highest levels in the dentate gyrus. Both neurons and glial cells expressed this protein. The proportion of cells positive for Ki-67 and the distribution pattern varied considerably depending on the pathological diagnosis. Neuronal nuclear expression of Ki-67 was increased in AD but was also elevated in young Down’s syndrome subjects and in those with Pick’s disease. Expression of this protein was therefore not AD-specific. We did not find nuclear pCNA or p53 expressed in our patient groups. Contrary to previous studies AD-type neurofibrillary tangles were not labelled with any of the cell cycle markers used. The presence of nuclear Ki-67 expression indicates that some hippocampal neurons are not in the quiescent G0 phase but have re-entered the cell cycle. The absence of nuclear pCNA or p53 suggests that the cycle is arrested in G1. The significance of our findings and their relationship to the production of neurodegenerative cell death via an apoptotic mechanism are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 94 (1997), S. 6-15 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Cell cycle ; Alzheimer’s disease ; Down’s syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Using immunohistochemistry we have analysed the nuclear expression of cyclins A, B, D, and E in neurones in the hippocampi of control subjects and patients suffering from various neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Cyclins A and D could not be detected but varying degrees of cyclin E expression were found in all patient groups including control subjects. Cyclin B expression was not detected in control subjects but it was expressed in the subiculum, dentate gyrus and CA1 region in patients with AD-type pathology and in the CA2 region and the dentate gyrus of cases of Pick’s disease. These reults suggest that some neurones may have re-entered the cell cycle. The expression of cyclin E without cyclin A expression may indicate an arrest in G1 with the possibility of re-differentiation and exit from G1 to G0. The expression pattern of cyclin E indicates that re-entry into the cell cycle is possible even in control patients, but it is accentuated in patients with AD-related pathology. However, cyclin B was only expressed in AD patients and occurred in areas that were severely affected by pathology. Neurones with cyclin B-reactive nuclei in AD were AT8 positive but did not contain fully developed tangles. In neurones, where cyclin B is expressed, it would appear that the G1/S checkpoint has been bypassed and that the cell cycle is arrested in G2. It is proposed that these neurones do not have the opportunity for subsequent re-differentiation. Since factors known to be present in G2 seem to be responsible for microtubule destabilisation and hyperphosphorylation of tau we hypothesise that cell cycle disturbances may be important in the pathogenesis of AD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 28 (1977), S. 405-409 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Chromverarmung nichtrostender Stähle beim Glühen im VakuumBei der selektiven Oxidation von Chrom in nichtrostenden Stählen wird das Oxidatinos-verhalten stark von den Veränderungen der Chromkonzentration an der Metalloberfläche und im Metall beeinflußt. Nach den bisherigen Annahmen verhält sich das Chrom bei der selektiven Oxidation ebenso wie bei der Verflüchtigung während des Vakuumerhitzens auf hohe Temperaturen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird die Verdampfung von Chrom aus Stahl 316 bei Vakuumanlassen bei 1000 °C mittels energiedispersiver Röntgenstrahlen- und Neutronenaktivierungsanalyse untersucht. Es wird festgestellt, daß der Chromverlust aus austenitischen nichtrostenden Stählen durch Interdiffusion in der Legierung kontrolliert wird. Entsprechend der Vorhersage nimmt die Chromkonzentration an der Metalloberfläche mit zunehmender Erhitzungsdauer ab. Das Chromverarmungsprofil im Metall stimmt gut über in mit einem früher obgeleiteten Modell, abgesehen von einer anomalen Zone in Oberflächennähe. Die hohe Auflösung der Neutronenaktivierungstechnik läßt erkennen, daß es sich um eine etwa 2μm dicke Zone handelt, wo die Chromkonzentration steiler absinkt als es den erwartungen entspricht.
    Notes: During selective chromium Oxidation of stainless steels the changes in chromium concentration at the metal surface and in the metal have an important bearing on the overall oxidation performance. It has been proposed that an analogue of chromium behaviour during selective oxidation is obtained from volatilisation of chromium during high temperature vacuum annealing. In the present report the evaporation of chromium from 316 type of steel, vacuum annealed at 1000 °C, has been investigated by menas of energy dispersive X-ray analysis and by neutron activation analysis. It was established that chromium loss from austenitic stainless steels is rate controlled by interdiffusion in the alloy. As predicted the chromium concentration at the metal surface decreased with increasing vacuum annealing time. The chromium depletion profile in the metal was in good agreement with the previously derived model apart from an anomalous region near the surface. Here the higher resolution of the neutron activation technique indicated a zone within ∼2μm of the surface where the chromium concentration decreased more steeply than expected.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 29 (1978), S. 246-250 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Konzentrationsprofile in einem Duplex-Oxidzunder auf Stahl 316Konzentrationsprofile in auf vakuumangelassenem Stahl 316 entstandenem Duplex-Oxidzunder wurden mit Neutronenaktivierungsanalyse und energiedispersiver Analyse untersucht. Gute qualitative Übereinstimmung zwischen den beiden Methoden ergab sich für das Konzentrationsprofil von Chrom in der äußeren Oxidschicht; die Ergebnisse deuten auf eine geringe Geschwindigkeit der Stromdiffusion in die äußere Magnetitschicht. Bei der inneren Oxidschicht ist die Übereinstimmung zwischen den beiden Methoden weniger gut, da die Ergebnisse der Neutronenaktivierung durch die Anwesenheit von Metall in der Querschnittsfläche verfälscht werden. Die Ergebnisse der energiedispersiven Analysen dieser Schicht stimmen mit früheren Befunden überein, wonach normale oder nichtselektive Oxydation auftritt.
    Notes: Concentration profiles through duplex scales formed on vacuum annealed 316 stainless steel have been investigated using neutron activation analysis and energy dispersive analysis. Good qualitative agreement between the two analytical techniques was obtained for chromium concentration profiles in the outer oxide. These indicated a low rate of chromium diffusion into the Fe3O4 layer. There was less agreement between the two methods in the inner oxide as the neutron activation results were complicated by the presence of metal in sections through this oxide layer. The energy dispersive results in this layer were consistent with previous findings which indicated conservative or non selective oxidation occurring.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 30 (1979), S. 100-104 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Oxidation eines 18/8 Stahls in KohlendioxidDas Oxidationsverhalten von 18/8-Stahl wurde im Temperaturbereich 873-1258K (600-985°C) durch kontinuierliche Messung der Gewichtszunahme, metallographische Methoden und Rasterelektronenmikroskopie untersucht. Auf eine anfänglich hohe Oxidationsgeschwindigkeit folgt eine Periode mit wesentlich geringerer Oxidation. Im Anfangsstadium entsteht ein zweischichtiger Zunder. weshalb die Abnahme der Oxidationsgeschwindigkeit wahrscheinlich durch die Bildung eines geordneten, chromreichen Spinells an der Grenzfläche Oxid/Metall bedingt sein dürfte.Wenn unter Verwendung des Modells von Hales die Bildung von „heilenden„ Phasen berücksichtigt wurde, ergab sich eine echte parabolische Zeitkonstante: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ k_p = {\rm 1}{ .8\,\, exp}\left({\frac{{ - {\rm 230}}}{{RT}}} \right)g^2\,\, cm^{ - 4} \,\,\sec ^{ - 1} $$\end{document}Hierin ist die Aktivierungsenergie in KJ. mol-1 (55 kcal · mol-1) ausgedrückt.
    Notes: The oxidation behaviour of an 18/8 type stainless steel has been studied in the temperature range 873-1258 K (600-985 °C) by continous weight gain measurements, metallography and scanning electron microscopy. An initial high oxidation rate was followed by a much slower rate. Duplex scales formed at an early stage of oxidation and the decrease in oxidation rate is probably due to the formation of an ordered chromium rich spinel at the oxide/metal interface.A ture parabolic rate constant (kp) was obtained taking into account the formation of the “healing” phase using the Hales model. This gave: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ k_p = {1.8\,\, exp}\left({\frac{{ - {\rm 230}}}{{RT}}} \right)g^2\,\, cm^{ - 4} \,\,\sec ^{ - 1} $$\end{document}. where the activation energy is expressed in KJ · mole-1. (55 Kcals mole-1).
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 29 (1978), S. 441-444 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Diffusion von Übergangsmetallen in auf Stahl 316 aufgewachsenem Duplex-OxidMit der Methode der sukzessiven Abtragung wurden nach Diffusionsglühen bei 1273 K Konzentrationsprofile von radioaktiven Isotopen (Chrom, Mangan und Eisen) in einem auf Stahl 316 entstandenen doppelschichtigem Zunder ermittelt. Das Eisenisotop diffundiert danach normalerweise sowohl durch die innere als auch durch die äußere Zunderschicht. Die Konzentration der Isotopen von Chrom und Mangan nimmt in der äußeren Magnetitschicht nach Außen hin zu, zeigt aber in der inneren Spinellschicht ein normales Konzentrationsprofil. Die Diffusionskoeffizienten - ermittelt aufgrund der Konzentrationsprofile - lagen, bezogen auf die Diffusion in der Spinellphase, zwischen 6 × 10-12 und 3 × 10-11 cm2 sec-1.
    Notes: Concentration profiles of chromium, maganese and iron radioactive tracers through a duplex oxide grown on 316 stainless steel have been obtained after a diffusion anneal at 1273 K using the serial sectioning technique. The iron tracer diffused normally in both inner and outer oxides of the duplex scale. The concentration of the chromium and manganese tracers increased with increasing penetration into the outer Fe3O4 layer but showed a normal profile in the inner spinel. The diffusion coefficients obtained from the profiles were in the range 6 × 10-12 - 3 × 10-11 cm2 sec-1 for diffusion in the spinel phases.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Rapid Communications 19 (1998), S. 557-561 
    ISSN: 1022-1336
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Incorporation of liquid crystalline polymers (LCPs) into commodity polymers remains a challenge in the design of high-performance, low-cost polymeric blends. Blends of a thermoplastic polymer and a nematic LCP are produced here by mechanical alloying. Functionality sensitive X-ray microscopy reveals LCP dispersions as small as 100 nm in diameter. Intimate mixing remains upon subsequent melt processing, indicating that mechanical alloying is suited for applications such as recycling.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 38 (1955), S. 1085-1095 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The preparation and properties of further fatty acid anilides showing anaesthetic action are described and the relationship between chemical constitution and physiological effect is discussed. Two very active compounds having relatively low toxicities have been discovered, namely:-β-piperidino-n-butyric-acid-2,4-dichloranilide (XIV) and β-(2-methylpiperidino)-n-butyric-acid-anilide (V). A number of similar anilides show high activities, but other undesirable properties such as tissue irritation render them less useful.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 42 (1959), S. 1764-1771 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The preparation and properties of some new β-alkylamino-butyric anilides have been described and a summary report on some of their pharmacological properties is given. Two derivatives (the p-(carbo-n-butoxy)-anilides of β-diethylamino- and of β-(1-piperidino)- butyric acid = XVI and XVIII) show promise as very active local anaesthetics with low toxicities. One derivative (β-N-pyrrolidino-n-butyric acid anilide = XXVII) shows strong potentiation of the sedative properties of barbiturates.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 42 (1959), S. 1771-1779 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A further series of butyric acid amides has been synthesised in which the diethylamino, pyrrolidino and piperidino groups of previously reported syntheses have been substituted by morpholino groups. The influence of the various groups in the present and in previously reported derivatives on the pharmacology of the series is reported and summarised. The conditions necessary for maximum local anaesthesia and barbiturate potentiation are discussed.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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