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  • Electronic Resource  (2)
  • 1995-1999  (2)
  • activated carbon  (1)
  • organosilicon polymers  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 28 (1998), S. 227-236 
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: wastewater treatment ; electrosorption ; activated carbon ; electrochemical process ; adsorber bed ; regeneration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The potential of electroadsorption/desorption on activated carbon for waste water treatment of industrial effluents is studied. Adsorption isotherms of hydrophobic differently charged model substances on activated carbon were measured in order to obtain specific information about the influence of the charge (+1,−1 and 0) on the adsorbability of comparable, aromatic species and the influence of the bed potential on the adsorption equilibria. In all these cases the adsorption equilibria show a dependence on applied potential in electrolyte of approximately 1m ionic strength. With electrosorption from aqueous solution, a fivefold enhancement of the concentration in one potential controlled adsorption/desorption cycle is achievable. The use of the solvent methanol instead of water for desorption allows for a concentration enhancement by a factor of hundred in the desorptive step. The adsorption capacity of the activated carbon changes only slightly with cycle number. Two cell designs for the performance of potential controlled adsorption/desorption cycles on the large scale are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Organosilicon compounds ; organosilicon polymers ; thermal behaviour ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Formation of Organosilicon Compounds. 116. The Influence of Chlorination, Hydrogenation, and Crosslinking on the Thermal Behaviour of the Polymeric (-Me2Si-CH2-)nIn the reaction of the polymeric (-Me2Si-CH2-)n PCS1 with I2/Cl2 only one methyl group was substituted to form (-ClMeSi-CH2-)n PCS2. By chlorination with I2/Cl2/Al2Cl2 we get a further replacement of the methyl group by chlorine (Si:Cl = 1 : 1.2; 1 : 1.18; 1 : 1.98; 1 : 2.07). The reduction of the chlorination products (Si : Cl = 1 : 1.12 and 1 : 1.98) with LiAlH4 led to SiH-rich derivatives. The thermal behaviour of these derivatives has been investigated. Up to 800°C the weight loss is 18.5%. Further heating by thermal gravimetry (TG) up to 1400°C results in an additional weight loss of 2% with β-SiC formation. The polymeric (-ClMeSi-CH2-)n PCS2 reacts with MeNH2 to form -MeSi-NHMe groups. Separation of MeNH2 led to a crosslinked chain which then condenses to a polymer with Si4C10H16N2-units PCSN2. This reaction is completed at about 300°C, between 500 and 800°C these polymer undergoes further crosslinking with the elimination of CH4, H2, and viscous polymers in the destillate. At 800°C in the polymeric PCSN2 the ratio Si : C decreases from 1 : 2.5 to 1 : 1.3, the ratio Si : H from 1 : 6.6 to 1 : 2 but the ratio Si : N remains nearly constant at 1 : 0.5. The weight loss of the X-ray amorphous sample up to 800°C is 74% however, up to 1400°C no further weight loss is observed.
    Notes: Durch Reaktion des Polymeren (-Me2Si-CH2-)n PCS1 mit I2/Cl2 wird je eine SiMe-Gruppe zum (-MeClSi-CH2-)n PCS2 substituiert, während mit I2/Cl2/ Al2CI6 ein weitergehender Ersatz der Me- durch Cl-Gruppen (Si: Cl = 1 : 1,2; 1 : 1,8; 1 : 1,98; 1 : 2,07) erreicht wird. Die Chlorierungsprodukte mit Si:Cl = 1 : 1,2 und 1 : 1,98 werden mit LiAlH4 in die entsprechenden SiH-haltigen Derivate überführt und von letzterem das thermische Verhalten bis 1400°C untersucht. Der Gewichtsverlust bis 800°C beträgt 18,5% und bei der anschließenden TG-Untersuchung bis 1400°C noch 2% unter Bildung von ß-SiC. Die Umsetzung von (-MeClS-CH2-)n PCS2 mit MeNH2 führt über die Bildung von -MeSi-NHMe Gruppen unter Abspaltung von MeNH2 zur Vernetzung der Kette, deren Kondensation sich um 300°C zum Polymeren mit der Baueinheit Si4C10H16N2 PCSN2 vervollständigt. Diese vernetzen zwischen 500-800°C weiter unter Abspaltung von CH4, H2 und viskoser Polymerer im Destillat. Während in den Polymeren PCSN2 beim Tempern bis 800°C das Verhältnis Si : C von 1 : 2,5 auf 1 : 1,3, das Si : H-Verhältnis von 1 : 6,6 auf 1 : 2 absinkt, bleibt das Si : N-Verhältnis mit 1 : 0,5 nahezu konstant. Der Gewichtsverlust der röntgenamorphen Probe bis 800°C beträgt 74%, bis 1400°C erfolgt kein weiterer Masseverlust.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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