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  • Digitale Medien  (8)
  • 1980-1984  (8)
  • 1945-1949
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (6)
  • Capillary GC  (1)
  • Instability  (1)
Datenquelle
Materialart
  • Digitale Medien  (8)
Erscheinungszeitraum
Jahr
Schlagwörter
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Instability on a weakening fault (1984)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 122 (1984), S. 478-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Schlagwort(e): Instability ; Fault ; Stick-slip ; Stress ; Friction
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract Weakening of a prestressed sawcut in Westerly granite under laboratory condition is accomplished by injecting pressurized fluid into the sawcut. After injection a sequence of stick-slips is observed while the deviatoric stress decreases successively with each stick-slip. On the basis of the experimental observation we develop a model of fault instability due to inhomogeneous and progressive weakening of the fault. According to this model, the fault surface is divided into the ‘slipped’ and the ‘locked’ regions, depending on whether or not the local state of stress satisfies the friction criterion. The average shear stress in the slipped region decreases with time and, in order to maintain a quasi-static equilibrium, shear stress in the remaining ‘locked’ region on the fault surface increases. This situation may last until a critical state of stress on the fault is met, at which a sudden instability (stick0slip) may occur. We suggest that this mechanism of stress transfer may be a viable mechanism of induced seismicity and aftershocks, in addition to the well-known mechanism of a local increase of pore pressure. By comparing the experimental data with model predictions we show that the critical condition for slip instability is when the average shear stress over the ‘locked’ region becomes equal to the value given by the friction criterion. Thus the friction criterion established for slip on fractures on which the state of stress is macroscopically uniform may also be applicable to fractures on which the stress state is macroscopically heterogeneous.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00874613
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Derivatization of 2-hydroxyalkanoic acids for gas chromatographic enantiomer separation (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 387-388 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary GC ; 2-Hydroxyalkanoic acids ; Trimethylsilylethers ; Enantiomeric resolution
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Summary 2-Trimethylsiloxycarboxamides are suitable derivatives for direct gas chromatographic resolution of 2-hydroxy-alkanoic acid enantiomers. A fast derivatization procedure is presented which involves preparation of the corresponding acyl chloride by reaction with thionyl chloride, aminolysis to the carboxamide and conversion of the hydroxyl group to the trimethylsilylether. The derivatization entails very little racemization, even with mandelic acid which is very sensitive in this respect.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02262486
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of foaming variables on density and morphology of expanded ethylene-propylene terpolymers (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 27 (1982), S. 1205-1215 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: An experimental study of the relationships between foaming variables and foamed structures of expanded ethylene-propylene terpolymer (EPDM) is reported. The study was carried out using EPDM composition containing azobisformamide blowing agent. The compositions were expanded and cured in hot air into a foamed structure consisting of dense skin and foamed core. The results showed that the foam density, skin thickness, average cell size, and number of cells of the expanded rubbers can be controlled closely by the foaming variables such as residence time, foaming temperature, and blowing agent concentration.
    Zusätzliches Material: 11 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1982.070270410
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Brillouin scattering studies of the effect of orientation on mechanically deformed poly(ethylene terephthalate) (1981)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 19 (1981), S. 1911-1921 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Schlagwort(e): Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Brillouin scattering is used to study the internal structure of oriented films of poly(ethylene terephthalate). Splitting in the longitudinal spectrum is observed as the film is stretched, indicating that the crystalline region is developed gradually from the amorphous region. The hypersonic velocity data obtained from these two regions are used to draw directional maps of sound velocity propagation in different directions of the film. The results are discussed and correlated with a recently proposed model. The orientational parameter in the amorphous phase is calculated from the hypersonic velocity data as a function of stretch ratio. The results are found to be in good agreement with published values obtained by a different technique.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1981.180191209
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Studies of the effect of orientation on the elastic constants of stretched and hydrostatically extruded polychlorotriflouroethylene: A reorientational model in semicrystalline polymers (1982)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 20 (1982), S. 1647-1658 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Schlagwort(e): Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: A reorientational model of polymer solids is given. The solid is described as a collection of small, orientable units. The elastic constants of the oriented polymer are given as a combination of the elastic constants of the orientable units and of the orientation parameters 〈P2(cosθ)〉 and 〈P4(cosθ)〉. The elastic constants of stretched and hydrostatically extruded samples of polychlorotriflouroethylene are obtained with Brillouin light scattering. These are fitted to the model and the orientation parameters are calculated. The elastic constants from the extruded samples are fit well by the model but the fit to the stretched film is less satisfactory. Hydrostatic extrusion in polymers is thus assumed to be a reorientation process in the amorphous phase, but the stretching process is not completely reorientational.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1982.180200914
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Observation of the orientational loss above the glass transition temperature in oriented polyethylene-terephthalate films using brillouin light scattering (1981)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 19 (1981), S. 1273-1275 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Schlagwort(e): Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1981.180190811
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Assignment of an anomalous peak in the brillouin spectrum of oriented polymer films (1982)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 20 (1982), S. 1641-1645 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Schlagwort(e): Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: The origin of a previously unassigned peak in the Brillouin spectrum of an oriented polymer film has been clarified. This peak is shown to be due to backscattering from a quasitransverse acoustic phonon from the reflected laser beam. Studies of this peak are expected to provide the information concerning the birefringence effect of the oriented film.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1982.180200913
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Brillouin scattering studies of poly(vinylidene fluoride) films subject to uniaxial stretching (1981)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 19 (1981), S. 941-950 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Schlagwort(e): Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Brillouin scattering spectra of poly(vinylidene fluoride) films subject to stretching have been studied as a function of draw (stretch) ratios. The longitudinal sound velocity is found to be isotropic for the unoriented film, but as the film is stretched, the velocity along the direction of stretch becomes higher than that perpendicular to it. The increase in the sound velocity is due to the induced orientation of the chains in the amorphous and the crystalline regions. The Hermans orientation parameter has been determined as a function of stretch from the velocity data. The result indicates the occurrence of recrystallization and reorganization as a result of transformation to form I crystallites from the amorphous phase as the film is stretched.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1981.180190604
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