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  • Electronic Resource  (14)
  • 1965-1969  (6)
  • 1960-1964  (8)
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  • Electronic Resource  (14)
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  • 11
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract By means of a retarding field apparatus the electron diffraction intensities of a polycrystalline Aluminium-foil have been measured for different electron energies between 17 and 50 kev. The specimen was kept at 154 °K and the thickness of the crystallites was about 280 Å. It has been shown that the high index reflections behave kinematically, while the first order reflections [e.g. (111), (200)] are much influenced by dynamical extinction effects which can be explained very well by the dynamical two beam approximation. Also the intensities of the higher orders [e.g. (222), (400)] of the strong reflections show marked deviations from the kinematical values. This intensity deficit can be interpreted by multiple scattering processes due to systematic interactions. The experimental results are compared with the second Bethe approximation (introduction of dynamic potentials) as well as with the second Born approximation where double scattering processes within the crystal are taken into account.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 1 (1963), S. 208-213 
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Cette communication décrit l'influence des vibrations thermiques sur les intensités de rayons électroniques diffractés par une feuille polycristalline d'aluminium à différentes températures (150–800°K). Au moyen d'un champ retardateur on a déterminé les intensités d'électrons (50 keV) diffusés élastiquement. Les résultats montrent que les intensités de toutes les réflexions obéissant à la théorie cinématique sont décrites par le facteur de Debye-Waller exp(−2M) dans un grand domaine de variation de la grandeur 2M. A l'aide de cette dernière, on a calculé la température de DebyeΘ M de l'aluminium pour différentes températures. Ces valeurs concordent avec celles qui découlent de la mesure des rayons X.
    Abstract: Abstract The influence of thermal vibrations on the electron diffraction intensities of a polycristalline aluminium-foil has been studied. The intensities of the electrons (50 keV) scattered elastically at various foil temperatures (150–800°K) were measured by means of a retarding field apparatus. The experimental results show, that the temperature dependence of the diffraction intensities of all reflections, for which the kinematical theory holds, can be well described by the Debye-Waller factor exp(−2M) within a large range of 2M. From the value of 2M the Debye-temperatureΘ M for aluminium at different temperatures was determined. The absolute value as well as the temperature dependence ofΘ M are in agreement with the results obtained from X-ray measurements.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Der Einfluß der thermischen Gitterschwingungen auf die Elektronenbeugungsintensitäten einer polykristallinen Aluminium-Folie wurde untersucht. Die Intensitäten der bei verschiedenen Folientemperaturen (150–800°K) elastisch gestreuten Elektronen (50 keV) wurden mit einer Gegenfeldanordnung gemessen. Die experimentellen Ergebnisse zeigen, daß die Temperaturabhängigkeit der Beugungsintensitäten aller Reflexe, die sich kinematisch verhalten, über einen großen Bereich von 2M sehr gut durch den Debye-Waller Faktor exp(−2M) beschrieben werden kann. Aus den gemessenen Werten 2M wurde die Debye-TemperaturΘ M von Aluminium bei verschiedenen Temperaturen bestimmt. Sowohl der Absolutwert als auch die Temperaturabhängigkeit vonΘ M stimmen mit den Ergebnissen von Röntgenstrahlmessungen überein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 164 (1961), S. 21-39 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Absolute intensity measurements of the electrons scattered by a polycrystalline Aluminium foil were carried out in the energy range between 25 and 50 keV. The electrons scattered elastically were separated from those scattered inelastically by means of a retarding field. The intensities of the electrons having passed the foil unscattered and of those which were scattered elastically into the Debye-Scherrerrings and into the continuous background can be interpreted by the assumption of reasonable thicknesses of the crystalline Aluminium and the amorphous Aluminium-Oxide. These values agree approximately with the thickness measured by light absorption. Additionally the probability of the inelastic scattering process can be deduced from these measurements. Investigations of the angular distribution were carried out in order to study the influence of the inelastic scattering on the shape of the primary beam, the rings and the continuous background. The results are discussed in detail. Some results are given in particular, concerning the increase of the half width of the rings due to inelastic scattering processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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