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Influence of magnesium depletion on matrix-induced endochondral bone formation (1979)

Schwartz, Ruth ; Reddi, A. H.

Springer

Calcified tissue international 29 (1979), S. 15-20

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ISSN: 1432-0827

Keywords: Alkaline phosphatase ; 45Ca incorporation ; Mineralization ; Bone marrow

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics

Notes: Summary The effect of magnesium deficiency on bone cell differentiation and bone formation was investigated using in vivo matrix-induced endochondral ossification as a test system. Demineralized bone matrix was implanted subcutaneously in young (35-day-old) male Long-Evans rats that had been fed a semisynthetic Mg-deficient diet (50 ppm Mg) for 7 days. Plasma Mg levels were reduced to 25–30% of control values at that time. Control rats were pairfed the same diet, supplemented to contain 1000 ppm Mg. The implants were harvested 7, 9, 11, 15, and 20 days after implantation and analyzed for Mg and Ca content,45Ca incorporation, and alkaline phosphatase levels. At each stage, plaques (implants) removed from Mg-deficient rats showed retardation in cartilage and bone differentiation and matrix calcification. Magnesium content was markedly reduced when compared to the control plaques. Histological appearance of the matrix-induced plaques confirmed the retardation in bone development and mineralization suggested by the chemical indicators. Most marked was the virtual absence of bone marrow in 20-day-old plaques in Mg-depleted rats. These data show that bone cell differentiation can occur in a severely Mg-depleted environment, although the onset of mineralization and bone remodeling was delayed and bone marrow differentiation was impaired.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02408050

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Symbiosio of biotechnology and biomaterials: Applications in tissue engineering of bone and cartilage (1994)

Reddi, A. H.

New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell

Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 56 (1994), S. 192-195

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ISSN: 0730-2312

Keywords: bmne ; cartilage ; BMPs ; PDGF ; TGF-β ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine

Notes: The three ingredients for the successful tissue engineeping of bone and cartilage are ragulatory signals, cells and extracellular matrix. Recent advance in cellular and molecular biology of thde growth and differentiation factors have set the stage for a symbiosis of biotechnology and biomaterials. Recent advances permit one to enunciate the rules of architechure for tissue engineering of bone and cartilage. The purification and cloning of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and growth factors such as platelet derived growth factors (PDGF), tranforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and insulin-like growth factors (IGF-I) Will allow the design of an optimal combinatiol of signals to initiate and promote development of skeletal stem cells into cartilage and bone. Successful and optimal bone and motion. BMPs function as inductive signals. Biomaterials (Both natural and synthetic) mimic the extracellular matrix and play a role in conduction of bone and cartiage. Examples of biomaterials include hydroxyapatite, polyanhydrides, polyphosphoesters, polylactic acid, and polyglycolic acid. The prospects for novel biomaterials are immense, and they likely will be a fertile erowth industpy. Cooperative ventures between academia and industry and teahnology transfer from the federal government augur well for an exciting future fop clinical applications.

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