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  • Electronic Resource  (3)
  • Augenmotilitätsstörung  (1)
  • Avena cell fusion  (1)
  • Norepinephrine  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 145 (1997), S. 602-605 
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Paroxysmale Dystonie ; Tonischer Aufwärtsblick ; Augenmotilitätsstörung ; Tonic upward gaze ; Key words Paroxsmal dystonia ; Tonic upward gaze
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Two infants presented with isolated paroxysmal dysfunction of eye movements. Both children had developed normally until they suffered from episodic conjugated upward deviation of gaze. The duration and the frequency of these episodes increased and were exacerbated by tiredness and often ameliorated by sleep. Horizontal eye movements were not disturbed. A constant nystagmus was not present, although one infant showed conjugated downbeat saccades in attempted downgaze. The infants continued to develop normally. Metabolic studies, EEG and MRI scan did not demonstrate any abnormality. The symptoms decreased over some months and subsided after three years. The clinical course of the patients is closely similar to the „Benign Paroxysmal Tonic Upward Gaze of Childhood“. Discussion: This entity of unknown aetiology has hardly ever been reported in the German literature and should be categorised in the group of dyskinesias of childhood. It is important to establish an accurate diagnosis in order to avoid unnecessary extensive investigations and to alleviate the parents' fear about their child's subsequent development.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Anhand 2 er Kasuistiken wird eine seltene, paroxysmal auftretende Störung der Augenmotilität dargestellt. Nach normaler psychomotorischer Entwicklung kam es bei beiden Kindern im mittleren Säuglingsalter zu Episoden einer konjugierten tonischen Blickdeviation nach oben, wobei die Kinder nicht bewußtseinsgetrübt waren. Horizontale Augenbewegungen waren dabei uneingeschränkt möglich; beim Versuch nach unten zu blicken, trat bei einem Säugling ein kurz anhaltender, nach unten gerichteter schneller Nystagmus auf. Dauer und Häufigkeit der Ereignisse nahmen zunächst zu; bei Müdigkeit sah man eine Häufung, nach dem Schlaf eine Verminderung dieser Zustände. Die Kinder entwickelten sich weiterhin normal. Untersuchungen auf Stoffwechselstörungen, EEG und neuroradiologische Untersuchungen waren unauffällig. Die Symptomatik besserte sich über Monate und war nach etwa 3 Jahren verschwunden. Diskussion: Der Verlauf ist identisch mit einem Krankheitsbild, das bisher fast ausschließlich in der englischsprachigen Literatur unter der Bezeichnung „benign paroxysmal tonic upward gaze of childhood“ bekannt ist und der Gruppe der Dyskinesien des Kindesalters zugeordnet wird. Seine Kenntnis erspart den betroffenen Kindern eine unnötige extensive Diagnostik und nimmt den Eltern berechtigte Ängste um ihr Kind.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Planta 158 (1983), S. 199-204 
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Adenylate ; Avena cell fusion ; Cell, single cell analysis ; Cell fusion ; electric-field induced
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In order to assay the viability of electrically fused mesophyll protoplasts ofAvena sativa a technique was developed to determine adenylate levels in single protoplasts and fusion products. The results demonstrate that the intracellular ATP/ADP ratios are identical before and after fusion (values between 1.4 and 1.8) and that the time of the rounding up process is directly related to the ATP level of the hybrid. This was shown by the manipulation of the intracellular ATP/ADP ratio in the light using different effectors. Hybrids with an ATP/ADP ratio of 2.3 needed 54 s to round up completely; in the presence of antimycin (inhibition of both oxidative and light-dependent cyclic electron flow: ATP/ADP=1.1) or dibromothymoquinone (plastoquinone antagonist: ATP/ADP=1.0) the time for rounding up was slightly increased (64 s and 76 s respectively), whereas after preincubation with antimycin, dichlorophenyldimethylurea (inhibition of oxidative and light-dependent electron flow) or uncouplers (ATP/ADP=0.19–0.32) this process needed 128–153s for completion. These results are discussed in relation to the viability of electrically induced fusion products and to energy-dependent events involved in the process of fusion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 24 (1972), S. 318-325 
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Dopamine ; Norepinephrine ; Hypothalamus ; Nucleus caudatus ; Motor Hyperactivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract High doses of dopamine (59 μg) and norepinephrine (65 μg) injected directly into the striatum and hypothalamus induced motor hyperactivity in rats. The motor activity recorded on the Animex for a period of 60 min after injection of 65 μg of norepinephrine into the hypothalamus, showed a significant increase (p〈0.005) in comparison with the controls. The increase in motor activity after dopamine (intrahypothalamic) and norepinephrine and dopamine (intrastriatal) was distinctly lower, although there was an initial large increase of motor activity after intrastriatally injected dopamine. Pre-treatment with reserpine or parachlorophenylalanine (intraperitoneal injection) to lower the serotonin level in the brain, followed by intracerebral injection of norepinephrine or dopamine failed to produce fighting or mounting behaviour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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