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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computer simulation of family selection schemes suitable for kale (Brassica oleracea L.), involving half-sib, full-sib and selfed families (1984)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 68 (1984), S. 503-508 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Kale breeding ; Population improvement ; Family selection ; Computer simulation ; Genetic drift
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Three recurrent selection schemes suitable for kale (Brassica oleracea L.), involving half-sib (HS), full-sib (FS) and selfed (S) families, were compared by computer simulation. All combinations of 6, 12 and 24 families selected, out of 120 and 240 assessed, were investigated for a range of genetical models. Selection was simulated for 20 generations from an initial allele frequency of 0.05 and for 16 generations from an initial frequency of 0.20. With an initial frequency of 0.05 there was a serious loss of desired alleles ranging from 0.31 out of 20 for the HS scheme with 24 out of 240 families selected to 9.19 for the S scheme with 6 out of 120 families selected. It was concluded that if as many as 20 cultivars were included in the initial population the selection scheme should be chosen to minimise the loss. With an initial frequency of 0.20 there were no losses with 12 and 24 families selected in the HS and FS schemes respectively, and the highest loss was 2.88 for the S scheme with 6 out of 120 families selected. It was concluded that if as few as five cultivars were included in the initial population a compromise between the initial response to selection and the loss of desired alleles should be sought. Selecting 6, 12 and 24 families for the HS, FS and S schemes respectively, resulted in average relative responses per generation of 2.28, 2.74 and 2.76, respectively for the first five generations, and losses of 0.22, 0.13 and 0.35, respectively after 16 generations. Practical considerations favour the FS scheme over the S scheme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00284998
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Early-generation selection between and within pair crosses in a potato (Solanum tuberosum subsp. tuberosum) breeding programme (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 97 (1998), S. 1331-1339 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Potato breeding ; Family selection ; Cross prediction ; Breeders’ visual preference ; Within-family selection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  In 1992, 72 seedlings from each of 198 pair crosses were grown in a glasshouse, and the tubers produced by each plant were visually assessed on a 1–9 scale of increasing preference. Three groups of four progenies with high, medium and low mean scores were chosen to progress, without selection via tuber progenies and four-plant plots at a high-grade seed site, to replicated yield trials in the third clonal generation. The three groups maintained their high, medium and low scores for visual preference over the three clonal generations and also had high, medium and low scores in the second and third clonal generations for yield, size and appearance of tubers, all of which were components of visual preference. The three groups were predicted to have 13.6%, 1.8% and 0.2% of their clones exceeding the mean of 13 control cultivars for visual preference in the replicated trials, and 12.1%, 4.9% and 1.4% for yield, and 56.8%, 37.1% and 14.8% for appearance. The experiment confirmed that selection for visual preference within crosses in the seedling and first clonal generations is very ineffective, but that worthwhile progress can be made from selection in the second clonal generation, with correlated responses for faster emergence, earlier maturity, higher yield and greater regularity of shape (appearance). Combining selection of the high group of progenies with selection in the second clonal generation of the best 34 out of the 120 clones in this group, produced a response in visual preference in the third clonal generation of 1.00 compared with a maximum possible of 1.74. Ways of achieving further improvements in early-generation selection are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051026
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance of resistance toFusarium spp. and toPhytophthora infestans in crosses between Neotuberosum and Tuberosum potatoes estimated by seedling tests (1998)
    Springer
    Potato research 41 (1998), S. 267-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: potato ; dry rot ; Fusarium coeruleum ; F. sulphureum ; general combining abilities
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Neotuberosum clones with differing levels of resistance toFusarium coeruleum andFurarium sulphureum, and putative resistance toPhytophthora infestans, were selected and used in crosses with Tuberosum clones. The resulting progenies were assessed for their resistance to each of these pathogens and for breeders' preference. There was little correlation between disease scores for the twoFusarium species (r=0.21 and 0.34 for the Neotuberosum and hybrid clones respectively), indicating that resistance to each species is distinct. Statistical analyses revealed differences between the Neotuberosum parents and between the Tuberosum parents for all traits, but the Neotuberosum differences for late blight were not significant (P=0.10–0.05) when tested against the interaction between the two sets of parents. The interaction was significant forF. coeruleum and breeders' preference, but notF. sulphureum. No reciprocal differences were found. The only statistically significant correlation between traits for the 72 progenies was a small one (r=0.33; P=0.01–0.001) between the twoFusarium species; for all other pairs of traits r was less than 0.10. It is concluded that there are good prospects for combinding resistances to the twoFusarium species from different sources and also for achieving high levels of other desirable characteristics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02358196
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessing general combining ability for late blight resistance and tuber characteristics by means of glasshouse seedling tests (1993)
    Springer
    Potato research 36 (1993), S. 353-357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: foliage blight ; tuber blight ; Phytophthora infestans ; breeders' preference score ; specific combining ability ; potato ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Screening tests to detect resistance to late blight in both foliage and tubers were done on glasshouse-grown seedling progenies in parallel with visual assessments by three experienced potato breeders of the yield and quality of glasshouse-grown tubers of the same progenies. There were large differences between the parents of the progenies in their general combining ability (GCA) for both foliage and tuber blight, despite some variation due to specific combining ability for foliage blight. There were also differences between parents in their GCAs for visual preference scores, but these GCAs and those for blight resistance were not correlated. The blight-resistant cv. Stirling had the best combination of high GCAs for all three attributes. The use of these and other seedling progeny tests in a multitrait genotypic recurrent selection scheme is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02361802
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soft-rot resistance combined with other tuber characters in long day-adaptedSolanum phureja (1998)
    Springer
    Potato research 41 (1998), S. 69-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: potato ; diploid ; Erwinia ; yield ; tuber characters ; breeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Offspring were produced from a cross between two long-day-adaptedSolanum phureja clones which carried resistance to tuber soft rot (Erwinia carotovora subsp.atroseptica). In tests carried out on the produce of field-grown plants raised from tubers, over fifty per cent of the 173 offspring were found to be highly resistant. Assessments were also carried out of tuber yield, mean tuber weight, tuber number, shape, regularity, flesh colour, texture of the steamed flesh, fry colour, after-cooking blackening, sprout length after storage and overall dormancy. There were statistically significant differences between clones for all characters (P〈0.001). Twelve of the clones were selected on the basis of high resistance, yield, tuber weight, regularity of shape and absence of after-cooking blackening. The value of resistant long-day-adapted diploid material for commercial breeding is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02360263
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-day-adaptedSolanum phureja as a source of resistance to blackleg caused byErwinia carotovora subsp.atroseptica (2000)
    Springer
    Potato research 43 (2000), S. 279-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: potato ; wild species ; disease ; bacteria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Long-day-adaptedSolanum phureja clones were assessed for resistance to blackleg caused byErwinia carotovora subsp.atroseptica under field and controlled environmental conditions over two years. In the field, twenty-two of the twenty-three clones ofS. phureja assessed were as resistant to blackleg as the commercial cultivar Ailsa, the most resistant control, and were significantly (P〈0.001) more resistant than the intermediate and susceptible cultivars Wilja and Estima, respectively. Under controlled environmental conditions, resistance in commercial cultivars was more easily overcome. However, 18 of the 21S. phureja clones assessed were significantly more resistant to blackleg than these cultivars.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02358087
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessing general combining ability for gangrene resistance by means of a glasshouse seedling test (1996)
    Springer
    Potato research 39 (1996), S. 179-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: Phoma foveata ; potato breeding ; potato ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; Solanum tuberosum subsp ; andigena
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A seedling progeny test for resistance to gangrene (Phoma foveata) was used to evaluate progenies from a 15×15 half diallel set of crosses, including 14 selfs and 25 reciprocal crosses, which was originally made to investigate the inheritance of resistance to late blight and cyst nematodes. Nine out of the 14 selfs were more susceptible than the crosses involving their parents, so that overall the selfs were slightly more susceptible than the crosses, thus providing evidence of non-additive gene action in favour of resistance. However, when the selfs were omitted from the analysis, all of the variation between progenies could be attributed to differences in the General Combining Abilities (GCAs) of their parents. The four parents with the best GCAs for gangrene resistance all had sizeable contributions fromSolanum tuberosum subsp.andigena in their pedigrees.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02358217
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