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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histologic grade of metastatic lymph node and prognosis of rectal cancer (2000)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 43 (2000), S. S40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Rectal cancer ; Histology of lymph node ; Tumor budding ; Histologic heterogeneity ; Prognostic factor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: It is important to identify cases with a high risk of recurrence to improve the prognosis of colorectal cancer. In this study the difference between the histology of the primary lesion and that of the metastatic lymph node was investigated in an attempt to identify the cases with a high risk of recurrence. METHODS: One-hundred eighty-five patients with Dukes C rectal cancer who had undergone curative resection were investigated. The histologic grade of the metastatic lymph node was determined and compared with other clinicopathologic factors to determine its significance as a prognostic factor. RESULTS: The histologic grade was the same between the primary lesion and the metastatic lymph node in 46.2 percent of all cases, although in the group with well-differentiated adenocarcinoma at the primary lesion the concordance was only 29.5 percent. In the group with well-differentiated adenocarcinoma at the primary lesion, the five-year survival rate was 75.3, 64, and 25 percent in the groups with well-differentiated, moderately differentiated, and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma at the metastatic lymph node, respectively. The differences between the survival rates of well-differentiated and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma at the metastatic lymph node were statistically significant (P〈0.05). According to multivariate analysis the histologic grade of primary lesion was the most significant prognostic factor (hazard ratio: 2.2801,P=0.0008). However, in well-differentiated adenocarcinoma of patients with Dukes C rectal cancer at the primary lesion, the histology of metastatic lymph node was also an important prognostic factor. CONCLUSIONS: It is clear that the histologic grade between the primary lesion and metastatic lymph node was frequently different, especially in the group with well-differentiated adenocarcinoma at the primary lesion. The analysis of the metastatic lymph node was considered to have additional importance for the prediction of prognosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02237225
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gravikinesis in Paramecium: Theory and isolation of a physiological response to the natural gravity vector (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 168 (1991), S. 1-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Mechanosensation ; Gravitaxis ; Kinesis ; Paramecium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. We have investigated a physiological component of the gravitaxis of Paramecium using established mechanisms of ciliate mechanosensitivity. The horizontal, up and down swimming rates of cells, and the sedimentation of immobilized specimens were determined. Weak DC voltage gradients were applied to predetermine the Paramecium swimming direction. 2. An observed steady swimming rate is the vector sum of active propulsion (P), a possible gravity-dependent change in swimming rate (Δ), and rate of sedimentation (S). We approximated P from horizontal swimming. S was measured after cell immobilization. 3. Theory predicts that the difference between the down and up swimming rates, divided by two, equals the sum of S and Δ. Δ is supposed to be the arithmetic mean of two subcomponents, Δ a and Δ p, from gravistimulation of the anterior and posterior cell ends, respectively. 4. A negative value of Δ (0.038 mm/s) was isolated with Δ a(0.070 mm/s) subtracting from downward swimming, and Δ p(0.005 mm/s) adding to upward propulsion. The data agree with one out of three possible ways of gravisensory transduction: outward deformation of the mechanically sensitive ‘lower’ soma membrane. We call the response a negative gravikinesis because both Δ a and Δ p antagonize sedimentation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00217099
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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