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  • Electronic Resource  (12)
  • high temperatures  (6)
  • Pharmacokinetics  (3)
  • critical point  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of thermophysical properties of lead by a submicrosecond pulse-heating method in the range 2000–5000 K (1990)
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 11 (1990), S. 719-729 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: critical data ; dynamic measurements ; electrical resistivity ; enthalpy ; high pressures ; high temperatures ; lead ; liquid metal ; specific heat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A submicrosecond ohmic pulse-heating technique with heating rates of more than 109K· s−1 allows the determination of such thermophysical properties as heat capacity and the mutual dependences among enthalpy, electrical resistivity, temperature, and volume up to superheated liquid states for lead. Also, an estimation of the critical point data is given from investigations at elevated static pressures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01184340
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microsecond-resolution measurements of the thermophysical properties of liquid gold (1993)
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 14 (1993), S. 251-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: density ; electrical resistivity ; enthalpy ; gold ; liquid metals ; heat capacity ; high temperatures
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract New experimental results obtained using an accurate technique for electrical and optical measurements on pulse-heated gold samples are given. An almost-constant current pulse is used for resistive self-heating of the sample over a time interval of 50 μs. Because of the high heating rate, the sample maintains its cylindrical shape in the liquid phase. High pressures are used to extend the investigated range of the liquid phase by suppressing boiling. The stability of the liquid sample is demonstrated by short-time photographs, obtained with a kerrcell camera. Measurements of current through the sample, voltage drop across the sample, surface radiation, and volume expansion allow the determination of the selected thermophysical properties. Specific enthalpy, electrical resistivity, temperature, density, and their mutual dependencies are obtained. In addition, the enthalpy of melting, as well as the specific heat capacity at constant pressure, is determined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00507812
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermophysical properties of liquid iron (1994)
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 15 (1994), S. 1323-1331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: critical point ; electrical resistivity ; enthalpy ; high pressure ; high temperature ; iron ; liquid metals ; melting ; specific heat ; vapor pressure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Wire-shaped iron samples are resistively volume heated as part of a fast capacitor discharge apparatus. Measurements of current through the specimen, voltage across the specimen, radiance temperature, and thermal expansion of the specimen as functions of time allow the determination of specific heat and various dependencies among enthalpy, electrical resistivity, temperature, and density for liquid iron up to 5000 K. High pressures. up to 3800 bar, are used to obtain the liquid state far above the normal boiling point. An estimate of critical-point data for iron is given by using experimental data of the vapor pressure of liquid iron.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01458840
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-temperature, high-pressure thermophysical measurements on liquid zinc (1996)
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 17 (1996), S. 987-1000 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: critical point ; electrical resistivity ; enthalpy ; high pressure ; high temperature ; liquid metals ; zinc
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Wire-shaped zinc samples were resistively volume heated as part of a fast-capacitor discharge circuit. Time-resolved measurements with submicrosecond resolution of the current through the specimen, the voltage drop across it, and the thermal expansion of the specimen as a function of time allow determination of the enthalpy, electrical resistivity, and density at different temperatures up to superheated liquid states of zinc far above the normal boiling point. High static pressures, up to 3800 bar of the ambient medium water, were used. An estimate of the critical pressure for zinc is given by investigations of the stability of the sample with a framing CCD camera, taking pictures of different samples varying the ambient static pressure. The critical volume and the critical temperature are obtained by means of an extrapolation of measured data at different pressures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01441988
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improved thermophysical measurements on solid and liquid tantalum (1992)
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 13 (1992), S. 83-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: electrical resistivity ; enthalpy ; high temperatures ; liquid metal ; pulse method ; specific heat ; tantalum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Wire-shaped tantalum samples are resistively pulse heated as part of a coaxially constructed capacitor discharge circuit. With heating rates of more than 109 K · s−1, temperatures up to about 10,000 K are reached. The tantalum wire is contained, with water as the surrounding medium, in a high-pressure vessel with sapphire windows and a maximum pressure capability of 5 kbar. Time correlated measurements of the current through the wire and the voltage drop across it, as well as surface radiation and wire expansion, were performed to permit the determination of thermophysical properties of the solid and liquid tantalum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00503358
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of the Critical Point of Gold (1999)
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 20 (1999), S. 1289-1297 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: critical point ; electrical resistivity ; enthalpy ; gold ; high pressure ; high temperature ; liquid metals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Wire-shaped gold specimens are placed in a new, improved high-pressure vessel, which is part of a fast capacitor-discharge circuit and in which static pressures above 600 MPa can be reached with distilled water as the pressure-transmitting medium. The specimens are self-heated resistively by a current pulse. The current through the specimen, the voltage drop across it, and its temperature are recorded as a function of time with submicrosecond resolution. The radial expansion of the specimen is determined with a CCD camera, Experiments are performed at different pressures. When the critical pressure is exceeded, there is no liquid–gas phase transition; hence, no sudden change in the thermal expansion rate is observed. The results for temperature, pressure, and specific volume at the critical point of gold are as follows: T c =7400±1100 K, p c=530±20 MPa, and v c=0.13±0.03 × 10−3m3·kg−1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022687811410
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermophysical measurements on solid and liquid rhenium (1986)
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 7 (1986), S. 149-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: electrical resistivity ; enthalpy ; high temperatures ; pulse method ; rhenium ; specific heat ; thermal expansion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A fast resistive heating technique was used to measure such thermophysical data of solid and liquid rhenium as enthalpy, specific heat, thermal volume expansion, and electrical resistivity. The measurements are performed with heating rates of slightly more than 109 K · s −1 up to states of superheated liquid rhenium (7500 K).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00503806
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new microsecond pulse-heating system to investigate thermophysical properties of solid and liquid metals (1992)
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 13 (1992), S. 699-710 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: dynamic measurements ; emissivity ; high temperatures ; liquid metals ; nickel ; pulse heating ; sound velocity ; tungsten
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A new discharge system for resistive self-heating has been constructed for the measurement of accurate thermophysical properties. A constant-current pulse is used to heat metals over a time interval of 50 to 100 μs, reaching temperatures up to the boiling point. New techniques have been developed to obtain sound speeds in the pulse-heated sample, emissivities, and vapor pressure. A new pyrometer allows the extension of the measured temperature range down to the melting point of copper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00501950
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurements of thermophysical properties of nickel with a new highly sensitive pyrometer (1993)
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 14 (1993), S. 417-426 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: electrical resistivity ; enthalpy ; heat capacity ; high-speed pyrometry ; high temperatures ; liquid metals ; nickel ; pulse heating
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A new, sensitive, and fast (response time, 100 ns) pyrometer used for the measurement of temperature in pulse heating experiments is described. The monochromatic instrument may use two detectors, namely, a Si diode and an InGaAs diode. Since monochromatic pyrometers usually are “self-calibrated” with the plateau of the melting transition of the investigated metal, a high sensitivity is desirable. The pyrometer is sensitive down to 1000 K and may be used at the melting plateau of copper, a reference point on the International Temperature Scale of 1990. A wide temperature range in a single measurement is possible with the use of a fast operational amplifier with linear and logarithmic outputs. Electrical resistivity, heat capacity, and enthalpy of nickel were measured in the temperature range 1500 to 2200 K using a fast pulse heating technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00566041
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selective quantification of ambroxol in human plasma by HPLC (1986)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 9 (1986), S. 561-565 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Liquid chromatography, HPLC ; Pharmacokinetics ; Quantification in human plasma ; Bronchosecretolyticum ; Separation from metabolites ; Ambroxol ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The bronchosecretolytic drug ambroxol can be reliably quantified in human plasma by high performance liquid chromatography. Plasma is buffered alkaline, extracted with ether, and the organic solvent back-extracted with diluted acid. An automatically sampled aliquot is separated by reversed phase HPLC; the analyte is well separated from two metabolites that interfered strongly in earlier methods. UV detection at 230 nm enables a lower limit of quantitation of 5 ng/ml. Internal standardization with propranolol allows accurate and precise quantification. Evaluation of the optimized combination of mobile and stationary phase is described, and application of the method to experimental and clinical pharmacokinetic studies is illustrated.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240091004
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