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  • Electronic Resource  (2)
  • Phenylacetic acid  (1)
  • neurotransmitters  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Phenylethylamine ; Phenylacetic acid ; Schizophrenia ; CSF ; Phenyläthylamin ; Phenylessigsäure ; Schizophrenie ; CSF
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Phenyläthylamin (PEA) ist eine endogene Substanz mit amphetaminähnlichen, stimulierenden Eigenschaften, die auch im menschlichen Organismus vorkommt. Wegen dieser Wirkungen ist ein veränderter PEA Stoffwechsel bei bestimmten Formen von Schizophrenie zu vermuten. In der vorliegenden Studie wurde bei 28 schizophrenen Patienten und 15 psychisch gesunden Kontrollpersonen PEA und Phenylessigsäure (PAA) gemessen. Im Liquor cerebrospinalis unbehandelter und behandelter Patienten mit paranoider Schizophrenie sowie gesunder Kontrollen wurden keine signifikant unterschiedlichen PEA Konzentrationen gefunden. Allerdings zeigten die zwei Patienten mit den höchsten Psychosescores in der Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale extrem hohe PEA Werte im Liquor. Dagegen war die unkonjugierte Phenylessigsäure (PAA), der Hauptmetabolit des PEA, signifikant bei unbehandelten Schizophrenen erniedrigt (P〈0.05). Da PEA vermutlich neuromodulatorische Wirkungen hat, kann angenommen werden, daß schon äußerst geringe und spezifisch lokalisierte Veränderungen im PEA Stoffwechsel (wie in der erniedrigten PAA und der partiellen Erhöhung von PEA zum Ausdruck kommt) veränderte zentrale Neurotransmission in bestimmten Schizophrenieformen bewirken.
    Notes: Summary Phenylethylamine (PEA) is an endogenous substance with amphetamine-like stimulant properties. On the basis of this ability an abnormal brain PEA metabolism has been proposed as an etiological factor in some forms of schizophrenia. In the present study 28 schizophrenic patients and 15 healthy controls were investigated. No significant difference from control values was found in PEA concentration in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of either untreated or neuroleptic-treated schizophrenics. However, 2 schizophrenics with highest BPRS scores had extremely high PEA concentrations. Free phenylacetic acid (PAA), the major metabolite of PEA, was significantly decreased in ummedicated but not in drug-treated schizophrenics. Because of the assumed neuromodulatory properties of PEA, it is suggested that lowered PAA concentrations and the tendency for PEA to be elevated may imply that altered central neurotransmission occurs in certain forms of schizophrenia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular neurobiology 12 (1992), S. 581-587 
    ISSN: 1573-6830
    Keywords: Alzheimer's disease ; postmortem brain ; neurotransmitters ; catecholamines ; indoleamines ; acid metabolites
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary 1. Concentrations of the neurotransmitter amines noradrenaline (NA), dopamine (DA), and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and the acid metabolites homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) were determined in four regions of postmortem brains of demented patients with or without Alzheimer's disease (AD). 2. NA was deficient in the temporal cortex (BA 21) of AD, but not of non-AD, patients. 3. Caudate, in particular, had an impaired dopaminergic system in AD patients, with low HVA levels. 4. In all regions investigated [amygdala, caudate, putamen, temporal cortex (BA 21)] 5-HT was significantly depleted in AD patients, and 5-HIAA was also depleted in amygdala and caudate. 5. These results indicate that neurotransmitter systems other than cholinergic systems are also widely affected in AD and suggest that these deficits may also play an important role in determining the symptomatology of AD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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