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  • 11
    ISSN: 1520-4804
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    ISSN: 1520-4804
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 99 (1995), S. 2941-2945 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 4403-4411 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A model is presented that explains the yield stress and hardness enhancements that have been observed in superlattice thin films. The stress required for dislocations to glide across layers with different shear moduli was calculated using an expression that accounts for core effects and all interfaces in trapezoidal or sawtooth composition modulations. The predicted strength/hardness enhancement increased with increasing superlattice period Λ, before reaching a saturation value that depended on interface widths. A second mechanism, where dislocations glide within individual layers, was important at large Λ and gave a decrease in strength/hardness with increasing Λ. The combination of these two mechanisms gives a strength/hardness maximum versus Λ in good quantitative agreement with experimental results for nitride and metal superlattices. The results indicate that superlattice strength/hardness depends strongly on interface widths and the difference in shear moduli of the two components for Λ values below the maximum, and on the average shear modulus for larger Λ. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 107 (1997), S. 6646-6658 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The internal rotation, or torsion, of a methyl group has been implicated in the acceleration of intramolecular vibrational redistribution (IVR) in numerous experimental studies. In the present work, we investigate its interaction with overall molecular rotation. To isolate the effects of torsion–rotation coupling, a simple two-degree-of-freedom model, including only torsion and three-dimensional rotation, is constructed and its dynamics at j=45 for several energies are studied. Investigation of other values of angular momentum indicate that the results reported are largely independent of j. Two primary effects are observed: (i) a shifting of the stable and unstable axes of rotation due to free methyl torsion, and (ii) a limited degree of weakly chaotic dynamics for trajectories whose torsional energy is near the top of its barrier. Chaos is first observed at the lowest energy at which torsion can surmount its barrier, but then disappears from the system at higher energies. Model toluene exhibits only narrow, high-order nonlinear resonances due to the frequency disparity between torsion and rotation, and these resonances are reduced in number by "selection rules" that arise in part from the symmetry of the Hamiltonian. These observations are analyzed in depth and simple, but quantitative, models are proposed to explain the magnitude of the rotational axis shift, the limited extent of chaos, and the resonance selection rules. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 112 (2000), S. 10067-10069 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We report the first direct measurement of the hyperfine structure of single NO2 molecular eigenstates in the 2.53 cm−1 region below dissociation threshold (D0), using the method of polarization quantum beat spectroscopy (QBS). The hyperfine interaction of these loosely bound states is substantially weaker (on the average by a factor of ∼5) than found at energies below 22 000 cm−1, but is similar on the average to that observed 50–150 cm−1 below threshold. The implications of our results regarding the participation of additional electronic states near D0 are discussed. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 107 (1997), S. 680-690 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The fluorescence excitation spectrum of the Ar–HCO van der Waals complex in the vicinity of the B˜ 2A′–X˜ 2A′ 000 band of free HCO is reported. At least eight bands associated with the complex have been detected. From the spectral shift of the lowest energy Ar–HCO band from the origin of the free HCO transition, we estimate the Ar–HCO binding energy in the excited electronic state to be at least 13 cm−1 greater than that in the ground state. Rotational analysis of some of the bands has been carried out, and average Ar–HCO separations (∼3.7 Å) in both electronic states determined. Several of the bands were assigned as hot bands from the first excited bend–stretch level (K″=1) in the ground electronic state. From the derived A rotational constants, we conclude that the ArCO framework has an approximately T-shaped geometry in both electronic states. The decay lifetime of the upper state of the strongest Ar–HCO band was measured and was found to be somewhat smaller than those previously measured for low rotational levels of free HCO. With the high signal-to-noise ratio in this study, it was also possible to observe transitions in the free H13CO isotopomer. A rotational analysis of the B˜ 2A′–X˜ 2A′ 000 band of the H13CO isotopomer was carried out. The isotopic shifts of the origins of the 301 and 201 bands were also measured, and a normal mode analysis of HCO(B˜) was carried out. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 104 (1996), S. 2214-2221 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A first-order model is developed for collisional activation as effected via resonance excitation and helium buffer gas in the Paul ion trap. For an ion population at steady-state under specified experimental conditions, the kinetic theory of ion transport in gases is first used to calculate an effective temperature shown to be identical to the internal temperature for molecular ions in an atomic gas. The evolution of the ion internal energy is then followed by a random walk simulation designed to be representative of the actual collisional energy transfer process, except ion losses due to dissociation and reactive processes during collisional activation are excluded. During the simulation, inelastic ion-neutral collisions increase the average ion internal energy via small energy changes (both positive and negative) until a steady-state condition is reached in which excitation and deexcitation processes are balanced. Histogramming the simulated data reveals a Boltzmann-type internal energy distribution whose average internal energy is the same as that calculated for a true Boltzmann distribution at the same internal temperature. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 103 (1995), S. 6479-6489 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reaction of CN with O2 has been studied through a photolysis-probe laser experiment in a cell at a total pressure of 70 mTorr. Rotationally hot CN reagent was prepared by 193 nm photolysis of BrCN. NCO(X˜ 2Π) product in various vibronic levels was detected by laser fluorescence excitation in its A˜ 2Σ+–X˜ 2Π band system at variable delays after the photolysis laser. In order to monitor the CN collisional relaxation which is taking place simultaneously with the reaction, we have also derived the CN rotational state distribution as a function of the photolysis-probe delay from laser fluorescence excitation spectra of the CN B 2Σ+–X 2Σ+ (0,0) band. From these observations, we deduce that rotationally hot CN reacts more slowly than thermalized CN. Moreover, reaction of the former yields NCO product with greater bending vibronic excitation. These results are compared with previous dynamical studies of this reaction, carried out with crossed beams and in cells. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Human communication research 31 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Media Resources and Communication Sciences, Journalism
    Notes: In the context of Aboriginal–Anglo Australian relations, we tested the effect of framing (multiculturalism versus separatism) and majority group members' social values (universalism) on the persuasiveness of Aboriginal group rhetoric, majority collective guilt, attitudes toward compensation, and reparations for Aboriginals. As predicted, Anglo Australians who are low on universalism report more collective guilt when presented with a multiculturalist than a separatist Aboriginal frame, whereas those high on universalism report high levels of guilt independent of frame. The same pattern was predicted and found for the persuasiveness of the rhetoric and attitudes toward compensation. Our data suggest that (a) for individuals low in universalism, framing produces attitudes consonant with compensation because it produces collective guilt and (b) the reason that universalists are more in favor of compensation and reparation is because of high collective guilt. We discuss the strategic use of language to create power through the manipulation of collective guilt in political contexts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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