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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 282 (1974), S. 245-254 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: 5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine ; Chemodegeneration ; Adrenergic Nerves ; Mouse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Injections of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (60 mg/kg, i.p.) caused a significant reduction in the noradrenaline content of the mouse heart, large intestine and seminal vesicle, 2 and 6 days after drug application. The long-lasting depletion of noradrenaline was found to be due to a degeneration of adrenergic nerve terminals as verified by fluorescence and electron microscopical observations. The results show that 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine is either as potent as (e.g. in the heart) or less potent than 6-hydroxydopamine (e.g. in the vas deferens) in depleting noradrenaline. The pronounced effects of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine on the adrenergic nerves of the seminal vesicle (supplied by the same short adrenergic neurones as the vas deferens) suggest that 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine may be used as a tool for the induction of a chemical sympathectomy in certain peripheral organs of laboratory animals, supplementary to 6-hydroxydopamine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 62 (1984), S. 855-858 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Cushing's syndrome ; Pathogenesis of hypertension ; Renin angiotensin system ; Captopril
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To analyse the role of the renin angiotensin system in the pathogenesis of hypertension in Cushing's syndrome ten patients with hypercorticism (five with pituitary hypothalamic dysfunction, three with adrenal adenomas and two with adrenal carcinomas) received a single oral dose of 25 mg captopril. Mean arterial pressure was then determined at short intervals over periods of up to 240 min. Plasma renin activity (PRA) was measured immediately before the administration of captopril. Eleven patients with severe essential hypertension, who showed a comparable distribution of basal PRA values, served as a control. Patients with elevated basal PRA values (〉3 ng/ml·3 h) showed, both in the subgroup of cases with essential hypertension and in that with Cushing's syndrome, a statistically significant fall (P〈0.05−P〈0.001) in mean arterial pressure, the decrease being slightly more pronounced in essential hypertensives. On the other hand patients with normal PRA values (≦3 ng/ml·3 h) exhibited only a minor fall in mean arterial pressure reaching statistical significance (P〈0.05) only after 60 min (essential hypertension) and 180 min (Cushing's syndrome), respectively. Our results document that in patients with Cushing's syndrome the effect of captopril seems to be determined by the activity of the renin angiotensin system. Thus, in a substantial number of patients with hypercorticism, the renin angiotensin system may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of hypertension, whereas in patients with low PRA values other factors like oversecretion of mineralocorticoids may be responsible for the observed blood pressure increases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 62 (1984), S. 925-930 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Transdermal therapeutic systems (TTS) ; Clonidine ; Essential hypertension ; Skin allergy ; Clonidine allergy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Skin patches of a clonidine transdermal therapeutic system (clonidine-TTS) with a constant release rate of either 0.1 or 0.2 mg clonidine/24 h continuously over 7 days were used in 32 essential hypertensives. These self-adhesive drug delivery systems (3.5 cm2), which were affixed to the upper outer arm, were changed by the patients at weekly intervals. During a mean observation period of 7 months (range 1–19 months) transdermal clonidine reduced the blood pressure from 162±15/107±5 mmHg to normal values (diastolic ≦95 mmHg) in 63% of our patients. However, chronic use of clonidine-TTS was accompanied by a high frequency of contact dermatitis (type IV allergy) in nearly half of our patients (n=15, 47%). In 11 of these 15 patients transdermal clonidine administration had to be stopped because of intolerable local skin reactions (pruritus, erythema, vesiculation, and/or infiltration). Subsequent patch testing with all components of clonidine-TTS was performed in eight cases. Whereas in seven cases an allergic contact dermatitis to clonidine was found, only one patient showed an allergy to another component of clonidine-TTS (polyisobutylene). We conclude that this strikingly high incidence of local allergic skin reactions limits the use of clonidine-TTS in essential hypertension.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 63 (1985), S. 361-363 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Primary aldosteronism ; Captopril ; Spironolactone ; Renin-angiotensin ; Converting-enzyme ; Secondary hypertension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In three patients with primary aldosteronism, the acute effect of a single dose of captopril on the elevated mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) was studied before and after 4 weeks of treatment with spironolactone. Before spironolactone therapy, captopril did not cause any drop in MAP. Four weeks later, after an oral daily dose of 400 mg spironolactone, MAP was still elevated in all three patients, though electrolyte abnormalities were fully corrected. Since plasma renin activity (PRA) was increased to values above the normal range, the acute effect of captopril on MAP was tested again. A single dose of 25 mg captopril then caused a fall in MAP to normal. These data reveal the conversion from a renin-independent to a renindependent kind of hypertension after spironolactone therapy in three patients with primary aldosteronism syndrome. This might be of pathogenetic and therapeutic interest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Keywords: Key words Pteropods ; Aragonite preservation ; South Atlantic ; Brazilian Continental Slope ; North Atlantic Deep Water ; Antarctic Intermediate Water
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract We present late Quaternary records of aragonite preservation determined for sediment cores recovered on the Brazilian Continental Slope (1790–2585 m water depth) where North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) dominates at present. We have used various indirect dissolution proxies (carbonate content, aragonite/calcite contents, and sand percentages) as well as gastropodal abundances and fragmentation of Limacina inflata to determine the state of aragonite preservation. In addition, microscopic investigations of the dissolution susceptibility of three Limacina species yielded the Limacina Dissolution Index which correlates well with most of the other proxies. Excellent preservation of aragonite was found in the Holocene section, whereas aragonite dissolution gradually increases downcore. This general pattern is attributed to an overall increase in aragonite corrosiveness of pore waters. Overprinted on this early diagenetic trend are high-frequency fluctuations of aragonite preservation, which may be related to climatically induced variations of intermediate water masses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 169 (1976), S. 415-418 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Synovial membrane (Cat) ; Free nerve endings ; Pacinian corpuscles ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Results of investigations on the occurrence of nerve fibres and endings in the synovial membrane of the knee and elbow joint in the cat are reported. The stratum synoviale contains only autonomic fibres, running in the adventitia of arteries. Free nerve endings are lacking in the stratum synoviale. Simple Pacinian corpuscles with an inner core are occasionally observed in the border zone between the stratum synoviale and fibrosum. The ultrastructure of these endorgans resembles that of Pacinian corpuscles in the hairless and hairy skin of the cat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 127 (1972), S. 87-115 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Avian air-sac system ; Autonomic nervous system ; Adrenergic nerves ; Catecholamines ; Control of ventilation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Innervation der Wandungen des abdominalen Luftsacks und der thorakalen Luftsäcke sowie des horizontalen und schrägen Septum wird bei Haushuhn (Gallus domesticus L.) und Höckerschwan [Cygnus olor (Gmelin)] untersucht mit zwei Versilberungstechniken und der Falck-Hillarp-Methode zur Demonstration biogener Amine. In allen Luftsäcken finden sich adrenerge Plexus, die teilweise zum Gefäßsystem und zur glatten Muskulatur der Luftsackwandung in Beziehung stehen, und ausgedehnte ganglienzellhaltige (parasympathische) Nervennetze. Große Teile der Plexus können keiner identifizierbaren Struktur zugeordnet werden. Die quantitative Bestimmung des Katecholamingehaltes in glattmuskulärem Gewebe von Huhn und Schwan (M. tensor septi obliqui) zeigt erhebliche Differenzen. Beim Huhn ist nur Noradrenalin nachweisbar; beim Schwan finden sich hingegen eine wesentlich höhere Noradrenalinkonzentration, große Mengen an Adrenalin und Spuren von Dopamin. Bei beiden Arten sind in den thorakalen Luftsäcken sensible Endigungen vorhanden, die besonders beim Schwan eine große Mannigfaltigkeit zeigen. Die funktionelle Bedeutung der Befunde, insbesondere die Relevanz der Rezeptoren des Luftsacksystems für die nervöse Steuerung der Atmung, wird unter Berücksichtigung experimentell-physiologischer Untersuchungen diskutiert. Es zeigt sich dabei, daß eine eindeutige Korrelation der morphologischen und der physiologischen Befunde zur Zeit nicht möglich ist.
    Notes: Summary The innervation of the walls of the abdominal and the thoracic air sacs and of the horizontal and oblique septa of the domestic fowl and the mute swan have been investigated by means of two silver-impregnation techniques and by the method of Falck-Hillarp for demonstration of biogenic amines. In the air sacs there are adrenergic plexus associated with the vascular system, and with the smooth musculature of the septa and air sac walls; there is also a widespread (parasympathetic) nerve net containing ganglion cells. Large parts of the plexus cannot be associated with any identifiable structure. The quantitative detection of the catecholamines in the smooth-muscle tissue of the oblique septum of the two species reveals considerable differences. In the domestic fowl only noradrenaline is present. In the swan, on the contrary, the noradrenaline level is much higher; there is also a large amount of adrenaline, and a trace of dopamine is detectable. The walls of the thoracic air sacs of both species contain sensory endings; in the swan these are of diverse types. The functional importance of the results, and, in particular, the relation of the receptors of the air-sac system to the nervous control of ventilation, have been discussed in regard to experimental physiological investigations. It is not yet possible to present an unequivocal correlation between the results of morphological and physiological investigations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 210 (1965), S. 321-324 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A simple method is proposed for the determination of n-propanol in presence of ethanol and water, based on the measurement of density and refraction. The composition of a mixture is found by evaluation of a graph.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wird eine einfache Methode zur Bestimmung von n-Propanol neben Äthanol und Wasser angegeben, die auf der Messung der Dichte und Refraktion beruht, worauf aus einer graphischen Darstellung die Zusammensetzung ermittelt werden kann.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Basic research in cardiology 22 (1955), S. 374-387 
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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