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  • Electronic Resource  (16)
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  • Electronic Resource  (16)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food quality 5 (1982), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-4557
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Paired halves of top round (Semimembranosus and Adductor muscles) sub-primals were removed from each of ten, USDA Choice, approximately 272 kg steers, freezer wrapped, frozen, and stored at -24° C for approximately 1 month. Following freeze-tempering, each primal was divided longitudinally with one half being pressed at 344 Newtons/cm2 to a specified shape in a Bettcher Model 70 Press, while the other half served as nonpressed control. Moisture loss and sensory properties were determined for 2.54 cm thick steaks. No significant differences were found in juiciness, flavor or Kramer shear values between pressed and non-pressed top round steaks, however, sensory tenderness scores were lower (P 〈 0.05) for steaks that were pressed than for those that were not pressed. Holding steaks at 2° C for 0, 1, 2, or 3 days did not significantly alter Kramer shear or sensory panel evaluations. Cooking loss, drip loss and total loss were not affected by pressing. Drip loss was lower (P 〈 0.05) and cooking loss was higher (P 〈 0.05) for steaks held one day at 2° C than for steaks held 2 or 3 days at 2° C. When drip loss and cooking loss were combined (total loss) there was no difference among the four storage times. Drip loss following portion cutting could result in a problem in fresh merchandising of freeze-tempered cuts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 55 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Ten muscles and muscle groups were excised from each of eight typical (average yield grade 2.99) and eight lean (average yield grade 1.73) steer carcasses and analyzed to determine differences between carcass types. Lean carcasses (raw basis) were higher (P〈0.05) in moisture and protein and lower (P〈0.05) in fat, cholesterol and calories in comparison to typical carcasses. Typical carcasses (cooked basis) were higher (P〈0.05) in fat and caloric content than lean carcasses. No differences (P〉0.05) were found between carcass types (cooked basis) for moisture, protein, cholesterol, dry matter cholesterol, cooking loss or shear force value. Semitendinosus muscles from typical carcasses were rated higher (P〈0.05) for juiciness and tenderness than from lean carcasses. Differences (P〈0.05) were found among muscles for all traits measured.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This study investigated the effect of mixing and grinding, tempering, addition of sodium chloride and sodium tripolyphosphate and processing under a nitrogen atmosphere on the color of restructured beef steaks initially and at 1-month intervals for 3 months of frozen storage. Mixing and grinding and manufacture under a nitrogen atmosphere had the greatest detrimental effect on the extent of discoloration initially; this was probably due to low oxygen concentration. Tempering and the addition of sodium chloride without sodium tripolyphosphate produced the most rapid increase in rate of discoloration during frozen storage. Tripolyphosphate partially counteracted the detrimental effect of sodium chloride, however, this effect did not appear to be due to the higher pH produced by the phosphate or the chelating ability of the phosphate. Surface discoloration and overall color were highly correlated with surface metmyoglobin (r= -0.87) and overall met-myoglobin (r= -0.94).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 40 (1975), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 40 (1975), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 37 (1972), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 52 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Influence of polyphosphate on sensory and chemical characteristics of battered and breaded, cooked, restructured beef and pork nuggets was evaluated over 20 wk storage. Beef and pork nuggets manufactured with polyphosphate had lower (P〈0.05) initial thiobarbituric acid (TBA) values than those manufactured without polyphosphate (controls); and values remained lower (P〈0.05) than control treatments over 20 wk of storage. Sensory panelists detected less (P〈0.05) off-flavor in pork nuggets manufactured with polyphosphate than nuggets in control treatments. Detection of off-flavor in pork nugget control treatments may be attributed to higher TBA values (increased lipid oxidation) in the pork product. Addition of polyphosphate protected nuggets from lipid oxidation and subsequent off-flavor development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 46 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Restructured pork chops containing approximately 15% fat were manufactured from fresh hams and boston butts taken from sows. The effects of salt level (0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%) and freezer storage time (0 and 30 days) on quality attributes of restructured pork chops were studied with three replications. Triangle test differences were significant for all comparisons except 1.0% and 1.5% salt groups stored for 30 days. 2-Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) values increased linearly with increasing salt levels for both 0 and 30 days storage. Salt addition also linearly increased Instron slicing strength values, and improved flavor, juiciness, and textural properties. The addition of salt decreased raw color evaluations, Instron shearing values and cooking losses. Following 30 days freezer storage, treatments containing salt had higher TBA values and lower color scores than the control treatment containing 0% salt. Salt addition at levels between 0.5 and 1.0% is recommended for restructured pork chops.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 46 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Utility chucks and Choice plates were coarse ground and mixed to provide raw material with a fat content of about 20%. Four 23 kg meat blocks were assigned, at random, to treatments: (1) control, (2) salt, (3) tripolyphosphate (TPP), and (4) salt and TPP. Each treatment was flaked, blended, and hand formed into logs which were PVC wrapped, freeze-tempered, pressed, and sliced to a 12 mm thickness. Patties were freezer wrapped and stored for evaluation initially (time) and after 30 and 60 days storage. The entire experiment was replicated three times. Sensory evaluation showed that cohesiveness, flavor, and juiciness of patties containing salt (treatments 2 and 4) were more desirable (p〈0.01) than the control or TPP treatments. Differences over the storage period were not significant. Instron values were lower for the control patties than other treatment groups. Patties stored 60 days had higher (P〈0.05) TBA values than those evaluated initially or after 30 days of freezer storage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 45 (1980), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Beef carcasses of similar grade characteristics provided 15 pairs each of strip loins, top sirloin butts and tenderloins. Subprimals were prepared according to Institutional Meat Purchase Specifications (IMPS) for boneless cuts, vacuum packaged, stored for 13 days at -1°C and then trimmed to steak-ready form. Trimmed subprimal cuts were assigned to one of three treatment groups: (I) fresh (not frozen), hand-cut; (II) crust-frozen (2.33 hr at -34°C, 0.75 hr at -1°C), pressed-cleaved; and (III) frozen (8hr at -34°C), tempered (24 hr at -l°C), pressed-cleaved. Percentage yield of salable cuts from pressed-cleaved subprimals (Treatments II and III) was significantly higher than that for hand-cut subprimals (Treatment I). Few differences in thawing-cooking characteristics were observed among steaks from the three treatments. Treatment had no (P 〉 0.05) effect on sensory panel ratings for longissimus, biceps femoris or psoas major muscles but gluteus medius muscles from Treatment III were less tender (P 〈 0.05) than those from Treatment 11 and more tender (P 〈 0.05) than those from Treatment I. There were no differences (P 〉 0.05) in shear force values in 20 of 21 comparisons. Beef loin subprimals can be hand-cut or pressed-cleaved in fresh, crust-frozen, or frozen-tempered form with little or no differences in cooking or palatability traits among steaks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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