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  • Electronic Resource  (12)
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  • Electronic Resource  (12)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Unconjugated oestrone and oestradiol levels were measured in human umbilical venous plasma at delivery after 38 to 40 weeks' gestation. A significant effect of parity (P〈0.05) upon oestrogen levels was observed following spontaneous vaginal delivery. In eight primiparous patients the mean (±S.E.) oestrone and oestradiol levels were 25.0 ± 5.3 ng./ml. and 6.6 ± l.2 ng./ml. respectively whilst in eight multiparous patients they were 10.4 ± 3.4 ng./ml. and 3.6 ± l.0 ng./ml. respectively. The two groups showed no significant difference in the duration of labour. No effect of parity upon oestrogen levels was observed following elective Caesarean section or emergency Caesarean section when the patients were in early labour. The mean ratio for oestrone to oestradiol levels in umbilical venous plasma following spontaneous delivery (3.3 to 3.7: 1) was significantly higher (P〈0.01) than the mean ratio in patients delivered by Caesarean section (0.6 to 1.1: 1). It is concluded that in spontaneous vaginal delivery at term the changes in placental metabolism associated with established labour are typified by an alteration in oestrone to oestradiol ratios with an elevation of the oestrone levels in umbilical venous plasma. The highest umbilical venous oestrone levels were found in primiparous patients after spontaneous vaginal delivery and this may reflect on increased metabolic activity associated with labour in those patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 81 (1974), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A series of 240 patients admitted for termination of middle trimester pregnancy received prostaglandin F2α by intra-amniotic injection at various times of the day. It was shown that the response (in terms of induction-abortion interval, total dose of PGF2α required and duration of hospitalization) was significantly influenced by the time of injection and that for each of these parameters there was a statistically significant circadian or 24-hour rhythm. The optimal response was obtained following infusion of PGF2α at 1800 hours. Observations on additional groups of patients indicated that this response rhythm was disturbed by bed rest during the day prior to PGF2α administration. The induction-abortion interval was also prolonged by concomitant use of d-propoxyphene for analgesia and by twin pregnancies. In addition to the circadian rhythm of response related to the time of administration of PGF2α there was a circadian rhythm in the hourly incidence of abortion, the peak incidence being recorded at about 0800 hours. The temporal relationship of the observed periodicity in response to the intra-amniotic administration of PGF2α to circadian fluctuations in plasma steroid levels is discussed. It is suggested that a chronotherapeutic approach to the induction of abortion or labour with prostaglandins may be advantageous.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 79 (1972), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This paper presents the results obtained from the study of Oestriol and pregnanediol in maternal peripheral venous plasma throughout normal pregnancy. Changes of oestriol pregnanediol and II-hydroxysteroid levels throughout the day in late pregnancy were studied. The levels of these steroids found in maternal peripheral venous blood and umbilical venous blood in patients delivered normally and by elective Caesarean section have been compared.The range of values of for plasma pregnanediol was to so large that furhter study had little to recommend it. In a relative sense there was good agreement between plasma oestriol and urinary 24-hour oestriol excretion. There was no difference in fetal plasma levels of oestriol, pregnanediol or II-hydroxysteroids when babies delivered vaginally were compared with those delivered by elective Caesarean section. The difference in maternal II-hydroxysteroids in these two sitations approached significance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 75 (1968), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 66 (1959), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 81 (1974), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Total plasma corticosteroid levels were measured by competitive protein binding assay in matched umbilical arterial and venous samples obtained immediately following delivery of 78 infants by Caesarean section. At 38 to 40 weeks gestation, the mean umbilical arterial levels (±S.E.) were 94.9 ± 10.0 ng./ml. following elective Caesarean section and 142.2 ± 23.7 ng./ml. following emergency Caesarean section in labour. The corresponding mean venous levels were 132.3 ± 10.0 ng./ml. and 172.9± 19.1 ng./ml. Within the emergency Caesarean section group, corticosteroid levels were related to the stage of labour. In fetuses obtained by hysterotomy, the mean heart blood level of plasma corticosteroids was 16.3±3.6 ng./ml. at 12 to 16 weeks gestational age. Within the elective Caesarean group, corticosteroid levels increased with gestational age, reaching a peak at 35 to 37 weeks gestation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 81 (1974), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Total plasma corticosteroid levels were measured by a competitive protein-binding technique in matched umbilical arterial and venous samples obtained from 234 infants immediately following vaginal delivery. Both arterial and venous levels were related to the gestational age of the infant at delivery, rising to a peak at 37 to 38 weeks gestational age and thereafter declining. Corticosteroid levels were generally less in infants delivered following oxytocin-induced (or augmented) labour than in those delivered following spontaneous labour. The mean umbilical arterial levels (±S.E.) of plasma corticosteroids at 38 to 40 weeks were 213.2 ± 16.3 ng./ml. for the spontaneous labour group and 171.9 ± 12.3 ng./ml. for the oxytocin-induced and augmented group. The corresponding mean venous levels were 242.9 ± 14.8 ng./ml. and 227.4 ± 13.2 ng./ml. The mean plasma corticosteroid level in four fetuses spontaneously miscarried at 17 to 20 weeks was 65.0 ± 21.6 ng./ml. The results suggest that the human fetal adrenal may have an active role in fetal maturation and the initiation of labour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 63 (1956), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 79 (1972), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The association of secondary amenorrhoea with galactorrhoea and a history of oral contraceptive treatment in a series of 230 patients has been analyzed. Ninety-six (4·17 per cent) developed their syndrome after treatment with oral contraceptives. Comparing these observations with the known usage of oral contraceptives in Australia, there is a highly significant (P〈0.0l) relationship between the use of oral contraceptives and the subsequent development of amenorrhoea.Somewhat surprisingly, although amenorrhoea-galactorrhoea is more commonly associated with a history of oral contraceptives than any other factor, such history had no effect upon the proportion of secondary amenorrhoea patients with concurrent galactorrhoea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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